ABSTRACT
Sorghum seeds can discolor during storage. Treatment of seeds with citric acid improves sensory quality and antioxidant activity. This study compared the differences in phenotypic and antioxidant activity between citric acid-treated and water-treated sorghum seeds. The study used transcriptomics and metabolomics approaches to investigate the regulatory mechanisms. The ∆a, ∆b and ∆l values of citric acid-treated sorghum seeds significantly increased after 6 months of storage. The SOD, POD and CAT enzyme activities of the citric acid-treated group were 1.94, 1.91 and 2.45 times higher than those of the control, respectively. The joint transcriptome and metabolome analysis showed that the citric acid-induced changes were mainly focused on the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. Citric acid treatment up-regulated CHS, ANR, MYB and bHLH genes and promoted flavonoid accumulation. In conclusion, citric acid treatment promotes flavonoid accumulation, delays sorghum seed discoloration, and enhances antioxidant activity and storage life.
Subject(s)
Citric Acid , Flavonoids , Seeds , Sorghum , Sorghum/metabolism , Sorghum/chemistry , Sorghum/genetics , Flavonoids/metabolism , Flavonoids/chemistry , Citric Acid/metabolism , Seeds/chemistry , Seeds/metabolism , Seeds/genetics , Antioxidants/metabolism , Antioxidants/chemistry , Plant Proteins/metabolism , Plant Proteins/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Plant , Food StorageABSTRACT
Collagen-chitosan composite film modified with grapheme oxide (GO) and 1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), termed CC-G-E film, was loaded with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) as the development of an efficacious wound healing device. In this study we report a novel drug delivery system that prevents the initial burst release and loss of bioactivity of drugs in vitro and in vivo applications. The results showed that CC-G-E film possessed improved thermal stability and a higher rate of crosslinking with increased mechanical properties when the dosage of GO was between 0.03% and 0.07%. It was shown that the in vitro release of bFGF from CC-G-E film continued for more than 28d. Furthermore, the CC-G-E films demonstrated excellent in vitro biocompatibility following culture with L929 fibroblasts in terms of cell adhesion and proliferation. CC-G-E films were implanted into Sprague-Dawley rats to characterize their ability to repair full-thickness skin wounds. Results showed that the CC-G-E film accelerated the wound healing process compared with the blank control. Based on all the results, it was concluded that CC-G-E film operates as a novel drug delivery system and due to its performance in wound remodeling, has potential to be developed as a wound dressing material.
Subject(s)
Wound Healing , Animals , Chitosan , Collagen , Oxides , Rats , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
This study aims at restoring the skin from traumatism by use of the collagen(from piglet skin) and konjac glucomannan-chondroitin sulfate blend film. The 2 cm x 4 cm skin traumatism model was established on both sides of the waist spinal column in 14 New Zealand rabbits each weighing 1.5-2.0 kg. One side was covered with blend film, the other side was used as a control. Then the changes of the skin traumatism were observed at different time-points after the operation, the wound tissue samples were taken for histological examination. The blend film could prevent skin traumatism from bleeding and infection. The skin traumatism treated by blend film showed signs of rectangle scab and the control showed signs of linear scab after healing. No obvious immune rejection was seen. The collagen-konjac glucomannan-chondroitin sulfate blend film can accelerate the restoration of skin from traumatism.
Subject(s)
Chondroitin Sulfates/therapeutic use , Collagen/therapeutic use , Mannans/therapeutic use , Skin/injuries , Animals , Female , Male , Membranes, Artificial , Rabbits , Skin Ulcer/drug therapy , Wound Healing/drug effectsABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Interleukin-6 on cyclophosphamide-induced hematopoietic damnification. The doses of Interleukin-6 in 3 different regimens were hypodermally injected into dogs for 7 days respectively to establish the cyclophosphamide-induced hematopoietic damnification model. The effect of Interleukin-6 on the production of platelets and the amount of other cells in the dogs' bone marrow were determined on the 21st day. The results showed that Interleukin-6 significantly alleviated the reduction of platelet count and recovered the platelets level faster. The impedance effects of Interleukin-6 directed against hematopoietic damnification of bone marrow and spleen were shown by pathological examination. These suggest that the Interleukin-6 can significantly impede cyclophosphamide-induced hematopoietic damnification.