Prediction of the Labrum Shape in Patients With Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Based on Pelvic Radiography.

BACKGROUND: The shape of the labrum is strongly correlated with outcomes of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the generally preferred imaging technique for observing the labrum. PURPOSE: We aimed to find a correlation between the labrum shape and anterior-posterior (AP) pelvic measurements in children with DDH. METHODS: Preoperative AP pelvic x-ray radiographs and MRI of patients with DDH from January 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively collected and divided into three groups by labrum shape on MRI: everted, partly inverted, and inverted. The acetabular length ratio (RAL) in patients with unilateral DDH and the ratio of acetabular length to interpedicular distance (RALI) in all patients were calculated. T-tests were used to analyze differences between the groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed between the everted group and the partly inverted and inverted groups. RESULTS: We found significant differences in RAL between the everted and partly inverted groups, everted and inverted groups, and everted and combined groups. The ROC analysis showed that the best cutoff value for RAL was 0.945 between the everted and combined groups, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 88.4%. The sensitivity at the best RAL value was 0.783, and the specificity was 0.887. Moreover, we observed a significant difference in RALI between the everted, partly inverted, and inverted groups, as well as between the everted and combined groups. The optimal cutoff value for RALI between the everted and combined groups was 0.575, with an AUC of 74.5%. The sensitivity at the best RALI value was 0.765, and the specificity was 0.674. CONCLUSION: The RAL or RALI values on pelvic AP radiographs can be used to predict the shape of the labrum. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.

Antibacterial mechanism of vanillin against Escherichia coli O157: H7.

Vanillin, a plant-derived antimicrobial volatile substance, has potential microbial control applications in the food industry. However, the effect of vanillin on the food-borne pathogen Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 has not been well studied. This study aims to explore the antibacterial mechanism of vanillin against E. coli O157:H7. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and antibacterial effect of vanillin were determined by microdilution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the damage of vanillin to the cell membrane, while cell membrane potential and the leakage of nucleic acid protein were measured to explore the effect of vanillin on the membrane system. Confocal laser scanning and intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration determination were utilized to investigate the effects of vanillin on the energy, life, and death of E. coli. Finally, transcriptome sequencing was conducted to investigate the gene expression differences induced by vanillin treatment. The results showed that vanillin treatment effectively controlled E. coli O157:H7 with an MIC of 2 mg/mL. After treatment, damage to the membrane system, depolarization of the membrane, and leakage of nucleic acid and protein were observed. Meanwhile, vanillin treatment caused decreased ATP content and cell death. Transcriptome analysis showed that vanillin treatment significantly affected the expression of genes involved in cell membrane formation, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycling pathway, and oxidative phosphorylation pathway in E. coli O157:H7. In conclusion, membrane damage and energy metabolism disruption are important mechanisms of vanillin's inhibitory effect on E. coli O157:H7. This study provides new insights into the molecular reaction mechanism of vanillin against E. coli O157:H7, highlighting its potential as an antibacterial substance for preventing E. coli contamination in the food industry.

Wire-tube DBD reactor for H2S treatment: optimization of geometric and electrical parameters.

Based on the wire-tube DBD reactor, this paper studied the effects of different discharge lengths, discharge air gaps, and electrical parameters on the discharge characteristics of the DBD discharge module. The results show that under the condition of increasing applied voltage, different discharge lengths, discharge air gaps, thicknesses of the insulating medium, and equivalent capacitance of insulating medium all show an increasing trend, while the equivalent capacitance of air-gap medium fluctuated within a certain range. When the discharge length was 30 cm, the discharge air gap was 2 mm, and the thickness of the insulating medium was 1 mm, the discharge effect was the best. In terms of electrical parameters, with the increase of the applied voltage, the "burr" of the current waveform increased, the load voltage and discharge power also increased, the discharge air gap voltage remained almost unchanged, and the equivalent capacitance value of the insulating medium continued to increase while the equivalent capacitance of the air gap medium remained almost unchanged. The optimized DBD discharge module was used for the treatment of exhaust gas containing H2S. The results show that when the gas flow rate was 80 L·h-1, the initial concentration was 50 mg·m-3, and the applied voltage was 65 V, the removal efficiency could reach 100% in 4 s. The energy efficiency analysis of the DBD discharge module shows that the energy efficiency of the discharge module varies by changing the different parameters; in the case of H2S degradation, the end products were mainly SO2 and SO3.

Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Siladenoserinols A and D.

The stereoselective total synthesis of siladenoserinols A and D has been accomplished using carbohydrate as a chiral template. The feature of this work is to build the medicinally privileged 6,8-DOBCO scaffold through a cascade reaction of hydrogenation/deacetalization/ketalization in a one-pot process, that is, to take advantage of a thermodynamically controlled bicyclization of polyhydroxyketone under HCl/MeOH reaction conditions. The current cost-effective synthetic strategy could facilitate the bioactivity investigation of siladenoserinols.