[The character of expression of keratins 8 and 19 in normal and neoplastic enterocytes of the large intestine]. / Kharakter ékspressii keratinov 8 i 19 v normalnykh i opukholevykh énterotsitakh tolstoi kishki.

Synthesis of individual keratins (Nos. 8 and 19) was shown to continue in the simple epithelium of tumor cells by application of monoclonal antibodies in 20 cases of different patterns of human colonic malignancies. No correlation between the synthesis and degree of cataplasia of said cells was found. The increase in manifestations of cellular and structural anaplasia in tumor was matched by the enhanced intensity of cells' staining with antibodies. Application of said procedure in oncomorphological practice helps reliably evaluate the real extent of tumor spreading and detects invasion which other microscopic methods fail to do.

[Results of the electron microscopic diagnosis of human tumors (an analysis of 1000 cases)]. / Itogi élektronno-mikroskopicheskoi diagnostiki opukholei cheloveka (analiz 1000 nabliudenii).

A review of electron-microscopic diagnostic investigations made on biopsy specimens from 1000 patients showed the range of tumors requiring ultrastructural diagnosis to be fairly broad, encompassing virtually all major tumor sources including soft tissues (37% of the cases), epithelium (31.8%), hematopoietic organs (21.3%), pigment-forming tissues (4.9%), and bones (3.3%). The tissue and cellular origin of the tumor was identified, i.e. a differential diagnosis was correctly made and/or the histogenetic (cytogenetic) type of the tumor was established, in most (83.0%) of the cases, whereas the organ of tumor origin was identified in only 6.0%. Electron-microscopically, the histological diagnosis was confirmed in 45.3% of the cases, made more precise in 19.0%, and discarded in 5.1%; in 5.8%, electron microscopy confirmed as correct one of the diagnoses presumed on histologic grounds, while in 3.9% the diagnosis could not be verified because the tumors consisted of undifferentiated cells in their entirety. Historic material (formalin-fixed or from paraffin blocks) and stained histologic sections were used for the ultrastructural diagnoses.

[Hepatoblastoma cells producing alpha-fetoprotein: morphometric, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies]. / Kletki gepatoblastomy, vyrabatyvaiushchie al'fa-fetoprotein: morfometricheskoe, immunogistokhimicheskoe i élektronno-mikroskopicheskoe issledovaniia.

Morphometric, immunohistochemical, and electron-microscopic studies were undertaken in an attempt to identify the types of hepatoblastoma cellular elements responsible for the synthesis of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and to see how they may relate to serum AFP levels and the metastatic spread and prognosis of the hepatoblastoma. Morphometric studies of 21 hepatoblastomas with statistical treatment of the results revealed a moderately strong reliable correlation of the AFP serum titer with the volume ratio of embryonal tumor cells and with that of those tumor elements of endodermal hepatic diverticulum which are similar to the latter cells with regard to degree of differentiation. Also, a consistent, reliable negative correlation was demonstrated between serum AFP titer and the volume of fetal hepatoblastoma cells. The volume ratio of stromal elements was found to be subject to chance variations and not to correlate with serum AFP level. Immunohistochemical and electron-microscopic studies confirmed the morphometric findings and showed AFP synthesis to be effected by poorly differentiated hepatoblastoma cells--by endodermal hepatic diverticulum elements at first and by embryonal and intermediate tumor cells later--and to decrease as the liver tumor cells differentiate further. It is concluded that a high serum AFP level is, generally, an indication that the hepatoblastoma is an extensive one and consists of poorly differentiated cells so that the prognosis is unfavorable.