ABSTRACT
AIM: To elucidate the role of nitrous oxide (NO) in development of severe primary arterial hypertension (AH) including malignant hypertension and concomitant ischemic heart disease (IHD). MATERIAL AND METHOD: Patients with diagnosis of primary 1-3 degree AH (n=62, 21 men, 41 women aged 39-87 years, mean age 63.7+/-2.7 years) and 28 subjects with normal arterial pressure (AP) (n=28, 13 men, 15 women aged 30-85 years, mean age 57.5+/-7.8 years). Blood serum levels of NO stable metabolites (nitrates and nitrites) were measured by reaction of their reduction in the presence of vanadium chloride and by reaction of diazotization of sulfanilamide by generated nitrite (modification by R.M.Miranda et al., 2001). RESULTS: NO level (level of its stable metabolites) was substantially elevated in patients with various severity of AH compared with subjects with normal AP. Severe and malignant course of AH was not associated with substantial lowering of NO level in blood serum. Relation between NO level and age found in subjects with normal AP, was not observed in patients with labile and stable course of AH. In patients with AH, normal serum NO level and signs of chronic involvement of cardiovascular system the disease was several times more often associated with atrial fibrillation and class II-III angina than in patients with high NO levels. Patients with AH combined with IHD more often had signs of heart failure and history of myocardial infarction.
Subject(s)
Hypertension/blood , Nitrous Oxide/blood , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Coronary Disease/blood , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , RussiaABSTRACT
Coronary bypass grafting with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass was performed in 119 patients (age 41-75 years) with stable angina. In addition to standard therapy in pre and post operative periods patients of group 1 (n=40) received mildronate (750 mg/day for 3 days then 750 mg twice weekly), patients of group 2 (n=41) received trimetazidine (70 mg/day). Patients of group 3 (n=38) received no "metabolic" drugs. The use of cardioprotectors mildronate and trimetazidine facilitated improvement of total and local myocardial contractility both before and after surgery, and caused limitation of development of myocardial stunning, associated with derangement of local contractility in post operative period.
Subject(s)
Cardiotonic Agents/therapeutic use , Coronary Artery Bypass , Methylhydrazines/therapeutic use , Postoperative Complications/drug therapy , Trimetazidine/therapeutic use , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/drug therapy , Adult , Aged , Angina Pectoris/surgery , Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology , Female , Humans , Male , Methylhydrazines/pharmacology , Middle Aged , Myocardial Contraction/drug effects , Trimetazidine/pharmacology , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/etiologyABSTRACT
AIM: To assess effects of hypertension and obesity on blood plasma levels of sex hormones and gonadotropins in fertile and postmenopausal women. MATERIAL: We assessed endocrinological status and measured levels of sex hormones and gonadotropins in 228 women with grade I-III hypertension (WHO, 1999) and 114 normotensive women of fertile and postmenopausal ages (17 to 74 years). There was a definite relationship between obesity and levels of sex hormones which did not depend on blood pressure level. The authors regarded this relationship as an endocrinological consequence of obesity. Severity of hypertension was associated with elevation of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones and lowering of progesterone level in fertile women and with elevated levels of sex hormones in blood plasma in menopausal women. The authors interpreted the latter phenomenon as a sign of adrenal gland hyperfunction.
Subject(s)
Gonadal Steroid Hormones/blood , Hypertension/blood , Obesity/blood , Adolescent , Adrenocortical Hyperfunction/blood , Adrenocortical Hyperfunction/physiopathology , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Estradiol/blood , Estriol/blood , Female , Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood , Humans , Hypertension/physiopathology , Luteinizing Hormone/blood , Menopause , Middle Aged , Obesity/physiopathology , Postmenopause , Progesterone/blood , Prolactin/blood , Testosterone/bloodABSTRACT
As shown by the study of 27 patients with non-obstructive form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC), this disease is associated with a significant rise in the production of active oxygen forms by leukocytes, significant changes in the activity of enzyme antioxidant defense, unchanged lipid peroxidation, high total antioxidant activity of blood plasma. The patients received a complex of natural antioxidants varying by mechanism of action and glutaminic acid. Antioxidants produced a subjective clinical response, reduced incidence of cardiac arrhythmia, improved exercise tolerance. The response becomes still better in combination of antioxidants with conventional therapeutic tools.
Subject(s)
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/blood , Free Radical Scavengers/blood , Leukocytes/metabolism , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Adult , Antioxidants/pharmacokinetics , Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/complications , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/drug therapy , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/complications , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/drug therapy , Echocardiography, Doppler , Electrocardiography, Ambulatory , Exercise Test , Exercise Tolerance , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/blood , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/complications , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/diagnostic imaging , Male , Oxidation-ReductionABSTRACT
Plasmosorption and enterosorption were assigned to 35 acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Plasmosorption was performed within an hour since AMI onset followed by a 5-day course of enterosorption (enterosorbent YO-A in a dose 30 g/day). The above combination produced a positive effect on hemodynamics and blood rheology resultant from a reduction in hematocrit value, plasma levels of fibrinogen and its derivatives, plasma viscosity and platelet aggregation. Ibustrin (200 mg) combined with heparin (100000 U) introduced into extracorporeal circulation effectively prevents thrombogenesis. AMI patients treatment with enterosorption plus plasmosorption enhances the response to nitroglycerin, reduces the rate of complications and lethal outcomes.
Subject(s)
Enterosorption , Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Sorption Detoxification , Analysis of Variance , Blood Viscosity , Combined Modality Therapy , Drug Tolerance , Enterosorption/statistics & numerical data , Female , Hemodynamics , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Infarction/blood , Myocardial Infarction/complications , Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology , Nitroglycerin/therapeutic use , Sorption Detoxification/statistics & numerical data , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Arrhythmias, Cardiac/drug therapy , Calcium/blood , Lymphocytes/drug effects , Myocardial Ischemia/drug therapy , Adult , Aged , Angina Pectoris/blood , Angina Pectoris/complications , Angina Pectoris/drug therapy , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/blood , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/etiology , Drug Evaluation , Drug Therapy, Combination , Heart Ventricles , Humans , Lymphocytes/metabolism , Middle Aged , Myocardial Ischemia/blood , Myocardial Ischemia/complications , Physical Exertion , Prazosin/administration & dosage , Prognosis , Propranolol/administration & dosageSubject(s)
Myocardial Ischemia/drug therapy , Phenylbutyrates/therapeutic use , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Adult , Aged , Humans , Isoindoles , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Ischemia/blood , Phenylbutyrates/pharmacology , Platelet Aggregation/drug effects , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/pharmacology , Platelet Factor 4/drug effects , beta-Thromboglobulin/drug effectsSubject(s)
Myocardial Ischemia/drug therapy , Phenylbutyrates/pharmacology , Phenylbutyrates/therapeutic use , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/pharmacology , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Platelet Aggregation/drug effects , Epinephrine/pharmacology , Female , Humans , Isoindoles , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Ischemia/bloodSubject(s)
Blood Viscosity/drug effects , Exercise Tolerance/drug effects , Honey , Lipids/blood , Myocardial Ischemia/therapy , Pollen , Adult , Aged , Combined Modality Therapy , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Exercise Therapy , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Ischemia/blood , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Infrared laser therapy using an arsenide-gallium laser was used in 54 patients aged 30-75 years who suffered from coronary heart disease. A positive clinical effect was achieved in 47 (87%) of 54 patients, as evidenced by the reduced number of nitroglycerin tablets used and improved bicycle ergometric, echo- and electrocardiographic parameters in the patients.
Subject(s)
Angina Pectoris/radiotherapy , Laser Therapy , Adult , Aged , Angina Pectoris/classification , Angina Pectoris/diagnosis , Echocardiography , Electrocardiography , Exercise Test , Humans , Middle Aged , Nitroglycerin/administration & dosage , Phonocardiography , TabletsSubject(s)
Leukocytes , Myocardial Ischemia/physiopathology , Platelet Aggregation , Adult , Aged , Female , Fibrinogen/metabolism , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Ischemia/bloodABSTRACT
Overall 146 females suffering from essential hypertension (borderline, stage I and II according to WHO, 1980) were examined for basal concentrations of estradiol, estriol, progesterone, testosterone, cortisol, ACTH, prolactin in plasma, LH and FSH in blood and urine. The patients and 69 control normotensive females were reproductive, premenopausal, menopausal, postmenopausal, postcastration. Latent hypertension was elicited at bicycle exercise. It was found that relationships between sex hormones and gonadotropins both in hypertensive and normotensive women did not differ noticeably in reproductive period and in menopause. Hormone defects due to primary and secondary infertility, castration, menopause did not raise the risk of arterial hypertension onset. An-Unfavorable course of hypertension was observed in premenopause, following operative castration, in climacteric syndrome. The severity of AH at reproductive age was associated with hyposecretion of progesterone, estrogens and gonadotropins LH, FSH. This relationship was absent in menopausal women. A conclusion is proposed on miner significance of sex hormones imbalance and gonadotropins in the onset of arterial hypertension in females varying by generative activity.
Subject(s)
Gonadal Steroid Hormones/blood , Gonadotropins, Pituitary/blood , Hypertension/etiology , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood , Adult , Age Factors , Estradiol/blood , Estriol/blood , Female , Humans , Hydrocortisone/blood , Hypertension/blood , Menopause , Middle Aged , Progesterone/blood , Testosterone/bloodSubject(s)
Atrial Fibrillation/etiology , Blood Platelets/physiology , Coronary Disease/physiopathology , Coronary Vessels/physiopathology , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/etiology , Adult , Aged , Animals , Coronary Disease/complications , Disease Models, Animal , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , RatsABSTRACT
Na+/H+ turnover rate in the erythrocyte membranes were measured in 20 patients with Stages II and III essential hypertension, 11 patients with renal hypertension and 10 healthy subjects. The patients with essential hypertension showed a two-fold increase in Na+/H+ turnover rate as compared to the controls. Those with renal hypertension displayed no changes in the rate. The rate of Na+/H+ turnover was not associated with the patients' sex and was the same in Stages II and III essential hypertension. Measuring the Na+/H+ exchange rate was proposed to be an additional diagnostic tool for the differential diagnosis of arterial hypertension.
Subject(s)
Erythrocyte Membrane/metabolism , Hypertension, Renal/blood , Hypertension/blood , Sodium/blood , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Male , Metabolic Clearance Rate , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Nirmin, a novel dosage form of nitroglycerin, was used to treat heart failure in 47 patients on days 1-3 after acute myocardial infarction. The drug was intravenously injected at 12-400 micrograms/min for 3-24 hours. Central hemodynamic changes were evaluated from equilibrium radionuclide ventriculographic data and pulmonary diastolic and central venous pressures. Nirmin improved the clinical status in 89.3% of the patients. Hemodynamic effects of the agent were manifested by reduced myocardial preload and its improved contractility, followed by elevated left ventricular ejection fraction and decreased hypokinesia of the myocardial affected areas.