Adapting and validating the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPS) for nursing students (HSOPS-NS): A new measure of Patient Safety Climate.

BACKGROUND: Patient Safety Culture and Patient Safety Climate (PSC) are different factors. PSC is the shared perception that is held within a hospital's area or unit at a specific moment in time. This measure is necessary for designing activities for promoting and improving safety. It must include the perception of all the agents involved, including future nurses throughout their patient safety education. OBJECTIVES: The aim was to adapt and validate a new version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPS), targeted specifically at nursing students. It provides a new comprehensive and more complete measure of PSC that contributes to improving patient safety. METHODS: Data were obtained from 654 undergraduate and postgraduate nursing students. PSC was tested using factor analyses and structural equation modeling. In order to facilitate the improvement of PSC, we examined differences in climate strength across different academic groups using the Rwg(j) and ICC measures of inter-rater agreement. RESULTS: Factor analyses confirmed a five-factor solution that explained between 52.45% and 54.75% of the variance. The model was found to have adequate fit χ2 (5) = 14.333, p = .014; CFI = 0.99; RMSEA = 0.05. Cronbach's alphas for PSC were between 0.74 and 0.77. "Teamwork within units" was the highest rated dimension, and "Staffing" the lowest rated. Medium-to-high scores were obtained for PSC. The median of Rwg (j) was high in the five dimensions of the PSC survey, supporting the idea of shared climate perceptions (0.81-0.96) among undergraduate and postgraduate nursing students. CONCLUSIONS: HSOPS-NS is a useful and versatile tool for measuring the level and strength of PSC. It screens knowledge regarding patient safety in clinical practice placements and compares nursing students' perceptions of the strength of PSC. Weaknesses perceived in relation to PSC help implement changes in patient safety learning.

Diferentes formas de acceder a la jubilación y su relación con la salud psicológica / Distinct forms of entering retirement and their relationship with psychological health

IntroducciónLa jubilación ha pasado de ser un suceso normativo que acontecía regularmente alrededor de los 65 años de edad a ser un suceso progresivamente menos normativo y que se presenta bajo diferentes modalidades de retiro laboral.ObjetivosEstudiar la posible relación entre los tipos de jubilación más habituales y los diferentes indicadores de la salud psicológica: depresión, ansiedad y satisfacción vital. Analizar las percepciones y los sentimientos en torno al cambio producido como consecuencia de la jubilación.Material y métodosParticiparon 119 jubilados (el 68,1% de hombres y el 31,9% de mujeres), con una edad media de edad de 66,5 años, entrevistados individualmente. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron SPMSQ (Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire), breve cuestionario para examinar el estado mental; entrevista “Ad Hoc”, en la que se recogían datos sociodemográficos y aspectos relacionados con la jubilación; GADS (Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale ‘escala de ansiedad y depresión de Goldberg’) para detectar los niveles de ansiedad y depresión; PGC (Philadelfia Geriatric Center Morale Scale ‘escala de satisfacción vital’) con el propósito de conocer la satisfacción vital, y por último, COOP-WONCA (Darmouth COOP Functional Health Assessment Charts-WONCA) para evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud.ResultadosLas personas que se habían jubilado por enfermedad presentaron unos niveles más altos de ansiedad y depresión y un menor nivel de satisfacción vital que en el resto de las modalidades de jubilación. Según el análisis de varianza (ANOVA), sólo se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p<0,001) en la satisfacción vital...(AU)

IntroductionDue to a series of factors such as working conditions, economic position and health status, retirement does not necessarily occur at the age of 65 years, thus generating new types of retirement.ObjectivesTo study the possible relationship between retirement types and psychological health indicators, i.e. depression, anxiety and life satisfaction and to analyze perceptions and feelings about the change produced as a result of retirement.Materials and methodsA total of 119 retired persons (68.1% men, 31.9% women) participated in this study. The mean age was 66.5 years. Participants were interviewed individually. The instruments used were the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire, an ad hoc interview, in which sociodemographic data and information on retirement were gathered, the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Life Satisfaction Scale, and lastly, the COOP-WONCA Health-Related Quality of Life Scale.ResultsParticipants who retired due to illness had higher levels of anxiety and depression and lower life satisfaction than persons retiring for other reasons. The ANOVA revealed statistically significant differences (p<.001) only in life satisfaction. After the corresponding regression analysis was performed on this variable, a statistically significant model was found that grouped together four predictive variables: anxiety (p<.001), depression (p<.001), income bracket (p<.001) and physical status (p<.05). These variables explained 46% of the variance.ConclusionsIn line with other studies, the present study found that retirement is not associated with depression, although retirement due to illness is associated with poorer psychological health. The results on life satisfaction support the idea that retirement is no longer a homogeneous event. Retirement type does not appear to be a major predictor of life satisfaction(AU)

[Distinct forms of entering retirement and their relationship with psychological health]. / Diferentes formas de acceder a la jubilación y su relación con la salud psicológica.

INTRODUCTION: Due to a series of factors such as working conditions, economic position and health status, retirement does not necessarily occur at the age of 65 years, thus generating new types of retirement. OBJECTIVES: To study the possible relationship between retirement types and psychological health indicators, i.e. depression, anxiety and life satisfaction and to analyze perceptions and feelings about the change produced as a result of retirement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 119 retired persons (68.1% men, 31.9% women) participated in this study. The mean age was 66.5 years. Participants were interviewed individually. The instruments used were the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire, an ad hoc interview, in which sociodemographic data and information on retirement were gathered, the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Life Satisfaction Scale, and lastly, the COOP-WONCA Health-Related Quality of Life Scale. RESULTS: Participants who retired due to illness had higher levels of anxiety and depression and lower life satisfaction than persons retiring for other reasons. The ANOVA revealed statistically significant differences (p<.001) only in life satisfaction. After the corresponding regression analysis was performed on this variable, a statistically significant model was found that grouped together four predictive variables: anxiety (p<.001), depression (p<.001), income bracket (p<.001) and physical status (p<.05). These variables explained 46% of the variance. CONCLUSIONS: In line with other studies, the present study found that retirement is not associated with depression, although retirement due to illness is associated with poorer psychological health. The results on life satisfaction support the idea that retirement is no longer a homogeneous event. Retirement type does not appear to be a major predictor of life satisfaction.