ABSTRACT
The load transfer mechanism across the skeleton of the human foot is very important to understand its biomechanical function. In this work, we develop several computational models to compare the biomechanical response of different metatarsal geometries. Finite element 3D simulations of feet reconstructed from computer tomography (CT) scans were used to evaluate the stress/strain distributions during the stance posture. The numerical predictions for pathological and healthy foot geometries present different load transfer mechanisms that can provide a biomechanical explanation of why some metatarsal geometrical configurations cause different foot skeletal stresses. The most significant result in all cases was a reduction between 20% and 30% of the peak load supported by the first metatarsal. Therefore, we conclude that a clearly unloaded first metatarsal, overloading the rest, is a risk factor to induce metatarsalgia.
Subject(s)
Finite Element Analysis , Foot/physiology , Metatarsal Bones/physiology , Models, Biological , Posture/physiology , Biomechanical Phenomena , Foot/anatomy & histology , Foot/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Metatarsal Bones/anatomy & histology , Metatarsal Bones/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
La artrodesis del Complejo articular periastragalino representa el último intento de preservación del miembro, tras un largo período de tratamiento ortopédico. La elección de este método terapéutico es inversamente proporcional al estado del paciente y a la dificultad de su solución. Supone un reto frente a múltiples factores negativos previos, locales y/o sistémicos. Muy a menudo, precedido de múltiples procedimientos quirúrgicos, mal estado de las partes blandas, infección, osteoporosis o distrofias músculocutáneas. Se revisa el concepto mecánico de complejo periastragalino, indicaciones de la panartrodesis y posibles variantes, patomecánica, técnicas más frecuentemente empleadas de artrodesis y sus complicaciones
Peritalar arthrodese use to be the last sep preserving the limb after a long time of orthopaedic teatment. As a rule we can considere that this is a rescue procedure for bad clinical conditions. This thehnique is a challenge to deal with multiple negative factors local o systemic. Frecuently it´s because of several surgical procedures, bad condition of soft tissue, infection, osteoporosis or skin dystrophy. We review the mechanical concept of talar joint, total ankle arthrodesis indications and variations, as the most frequent surgical techniques, their skills and complications
Subject(s)
Humans , Arthrodesis/methods , Ankle Joint/surgery , Orthopedic Procedures/methods , Osteoarthritis/surgery , Talus/surgeryABSTRACT
This study investigates the vascularization of the Achilles tendon in 32 lower limbs of human neonates by injecting colored latex with subsequent microdissection. Because of its biomechanical significance (achilleo-calcaneal-plantar system) and the lack of descriptions in the literature, we analyzed the vascularization of the attachment area in the calcaneus, describing the achilleo-calcaneal vascular network, which is always well supplied in contrast to other tendinous areas.
