ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: In the last few years, the number of immigrant families in Spain has greatly increased, which has challenged healthcare services and posed new health problems. OBJECTIVES: To determine the main social risk factors present in an immigrant population group in order to take active measures to ensure the appropriate development of children in this population. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study consisting of interviews with 179 foreign women with children under 1 year of age attending a public healthcare program. RESULTS: Most of the women were from Latin America (80 %), 11 % were from Morocco, and the remaining women were from other countries. A total of 14.5 % had university studies. In general, the women worked in domestic service and only 36 % had the documents required to live in Spain. Fifty-five percent of the women had lost their jobs because of their pregnancy. Most of the families lived in apartments with an average of 2.3 people per room, and 88 % shared their residence with other people. Twenty-five percent of the women had their first child before the age of 18 years. Pregnancy was unwanted in 50 % of the women. Seventy-one percent of deliveries were normal, and 83 % of the women breast-fed their children. Ninety-eight percent of the children were correctly vaccinated and 95 % visited a pediatrician regularly. CONCLUSIONS: The immigrant population is concentrated in the most disadvantaged social strata. Measures that provide adequate social support and healthcare to this population should be established to encourage the appropriate development of their children
Subject(s)
Emigration and Immigration/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Family Characteristics , Female , Humans , Male , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , SpainABSTRACT
Introducción: En los últimos años ha habido un gran aumento de familias inmigrantes en España lo que supone un reto para la atención sanitaria y plantea nuevos problemas de salud. Objetivos: Conocer los principales factores de riesgo social presentes en un colectivo de población inmigrante con el fin de establecer medidas de actuación que aseguren un adecuado desarrollo de los niños de esta población. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal mediante encuesta a 179 mujeres extranjeras, madres de un niño menor de un año, atendidas en un programa sociosanitario. Resultados: La mayoría de las mujeres provienen de América Latina (80 por ciento), el 11 por ciento de Marruecos y el resto de otros países. El 14,5 por ciento tiene estudios universitarios. Trabajan fundamentalmente en el servicio doméstico y sólo el 36 por ciento tiene documentación para residir en España, el 55 por ciento de las mujeres ha perdido su trabajo por causa del embarazo. La mayoría de las familias viven en pisos con una media de 2,3 personas por habitación, compartiendo la vivienda con otras personas, el 88 por ciento. El 25 por ciento de las mujeres tuvo su primer hijo antes de los 18 años. El embarazo no fue deseado en el 50 por ciento de los casos. El 71 por ciento de los partos fue eutócico, el 83 por ciento amamantó al niño. El 98 por ciento de los niños están bien vacunados y el 95 por ciento acude regularmente al pediatra. Conclusiones: La población inmigrante se concentra en los estratos sociales más desfavorecidos. Es preciso establecer medidas que proporcionen atención sociosanitaria adecuada a esta población para favorecer un desarrollo correcto de sus hijos (AU)
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Child , Adolescent , Female , Socioeconomic Factors , Risk Factors , Spain , Family Characteristics , Emigration and Immigration , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
This study presents the results of a vaccination inquire in 2,078 schoolchildren: 807 students in the first year of General Basic Education (G.B.E.) and 1,227 students in the last year of G.B.E. attending public and private schools of the Council of Madrid. The presence of antibodies against the three polio-viruses was determined in 1,509 schoolchildren. About 68.3% of the students received the complete schedule of vaccinations, with 84.7% belonging the group of children in the first year of G.B.E. and 51.2% belonging to that in the last year of G.B.E. (p < 0.01). The percentage of children immunized against the three polioviruses was 92.7%, with 94% of the students in the first year of G.B.E. being immunized and 92% of those in the last year of G.B.E. (p < 0.01). We found differences in the immunization rate between those students receiving more or less than three doses of vaccine. We compared our study with other seroepidemiologic studies undertaken in our country.
Subject(s)
Poliomyelitis/immunology , Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated/administration & dosage , Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Immunization Schedule , Male , Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral/administration & dosage , School Health Services , Spain , VaccinationABSTRACT
In order to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers, we studied 375 healthy children, 242 males and 113 females, with age ranged between 6 to 14 years, from different schools at the Tetuán district (Madrid). We sent a questionnaire to the parents to investigate the presence of risk factor in the children and/or their parents. All children were screened for hepatitis B markers in serum. Our results shown the existence of HBV markers in 22 (5.9%) children. No major incidence of risk factors was found in the children with serologic evidence of HBV infection.
