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1.
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 15(10): 1127-30, 2003 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14501623

ABSTRACT

Achalasia is a disease of unknown origin in which there is a denervation of the myenteric plexus on the smooth muscle of the lower oesophageal sphincter, causing a cardial stenosis and a loss of efficacy of oesophageal peristalsis. The predominant symptoms are dysphagia for solids and liquids and regurgitation of the retained food. Occasionally, there may be oesophageal haemorrhage as a consequence of oesophagitis and stasis ulcers. An important but uncommon complication is the development of oesophageal cancer, which is typically squamous cell carcinoma. We report an exceptional case of a 77-year-old woman with a long-term achalasia and mega-oesophagus who presented four episodes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a 2 month period. The patient underwent surgical resection of the 10 cm of distal oesophagus, performing a partial fundoplication, and the pathological study revealed an oesophageal infiltration by a low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. After an insidious outcome, she died on the 47th day after admission.


Subject(s)
Esophageal Achalasia/complications , Esophageal Neoplasms/etiology , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/etiology , Aged , Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology , Fatal Outcome , Female , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Humans , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology , Recurrence
2.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 118(13): 481-6, 2002 Apr 13.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11975884

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The main objectives of this study were to review the clinic and endoscopic variables of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGB) due to peptic gastroduodenal lesions who were evaluated in our hospital during one year, to identify the characteristics associated with a negative evolution of the UGB and to analyse the characteristics of those patients who were discharged immediately after the endoscopy was performed. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A one-year retrospective analysis of all UGB episodes was performed. Patients having gastroduodenal ulcer or erosive gastritis/duodenitis at endoscopy were included. The prognostic value of several clinic, laboratory and endoscopic variables was evaluated. Persistence or recurrence of bleeding, surgery and mortality were considered as outcome variables (the variable evolution was categorized as negative when any of these was observed). RESULTS: 156 patients were identified, with a mean (SD) age of 61 (17) years. Melena was the most frequent UGB presentation (79%). 46% patients had associated diseases and 50% were taking gastroerosive drugs. Duodenal ulcer was the commonest cause of UGB (52%), followed by gastric ulcer (30%). The evolution of UGB was negative in 7% cases. Variables associated with a negative evolution in the multivariate analysis were: age, red hematemesis, systolic blood pressure >= 100 mmHg, heart rate >= 100 b.p.m. and a more severe Forrest endoscopic classification. 11% patients were discharged immediately, without complications afterwards. If predictive variables obtained in the multivariate analysis would have been applied, hospitalization would have been avoided in 59 patients (38%) without subsequent complications. CONCLUSIONS: A number of clinic and endoscopic variables (UGB presentation form, blood pressure, heart rate, and Forrest endoscopic classification) with prognostic value have been identified in this study. These variables are easy to obtain and apply in clinical practice, allowing a precise estimate of the UGB evolution. Thus, a relatively high number of patients with UGB susceptible of ambulatory treatment and management can be reliably identified.


Subject(s)
Duodenoscopy , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Gastroscopy , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies
3.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 118(13): 481-486, abr. 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-11635

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: La úlcera péptica representa la causa más frecuente de hemorragia digestiva alta (HDA). Puesto que en la mayoría de los casos su evolución es favorable y el episodio hemorrágico cede espontáneamente, se ha planteado la posibilidad de reducir el número de los ingresos hospitalarios en estos pacientes. Nuestro objetivo fue revisar las variables clínicas y endoscópicas de los pacientes con HDA secundaria a lesiones pépticas gastroduodenales evaluados en nuestro hospital durante un año, así como identificar las características que se asocian a una evolución desfavorable de la HDA.PACIENTES Y MÉTODO: Análisis retrospectivo de todos los episodios de HDA de pacientes que acudieron a nuestro hospital durante un año. Se incluyó a aquellos pacientes en los que se identificó mediante gastroscopia una úlcera gastroduodenal o una gastritis/duodenitis erosiva como causa de la HDA. Se evaluó el papel pronóstico de diversas variables clínicas, analíticas y endoscópicas. Como variables 'resultado' de mala evolución se incluyeron la persistencia o recidiva hemorrágica, la cirugía y la mortalidad (la variable 'evolución' se categorizó como 'desfavorable' cuando se observaba alguna de las variables mencionadas). RESULTADOS: Se identificó a 156 pacientes, con una edad media (DE) de 61 (17) años. La presentación más frecuente fue en forma de melena (79 por ciento). El 46 por ciento tenía enfermedades asociadas y el 50 por ciento recibía gastroerosivos. La causa más frecuente de HDA fue la úlcera duodenal (52 por ciento), seguida de la úlcera gástrica (30 por ciento). La HDA evolucionó desfavorablemente en el 7 por ciento de los casos. En el análisis multivariante las variables que se asociaron a una evolución desfavorable fueron la edad, la presentación como hematemesis de sangre roja, una presión arterial sistólica 100 mmHg, una frecuencia cardíaca 100 lat/min y una clasificación endoscópica de Forrest más grave. El 11 por ciento de los pacientes fue dado de alta inmediatamente, sin complicaciones posteriores. Si aplicaran las variables predictivas obtenidas en el modelo multivariante, podría evitarse el ingreso en 59 pacientes (38 por ciento) sin complicaciones posteriores. CONCLUSIONES: Hemos identificado una serie de variables clínicas y endoscópicas fáciles de obtener y de aplicar en la práctica clínica, que permiten estimar con relativa seguridad la evolución de la HDA. De este modo puede identificarse con fiabilidad un subgrupo relativamente numeroso de pacientes con HDA susceptible de recibir tratamiento ambulatorio (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Duodenoscopy , Gastroscopy , Biomarkers , Case-Control Studies , Community-Acquired Infections , Pneumonia , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Adenosine Deaminase , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
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