Adolescent girls' attitudes on human papillomavirus vaccination.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to assess the attitudes of adolescent girls on Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and the impact of an information pamphlet on their attitude. Other factors that may affect their attitude were also studied. DESIGN: Questionnaire survey. SETTING: Pediatric and adolescent gynecology clinic. PARTICIPANTS: 250 adolescents aged 12 to 19 years. INTERVENTIONS: Participants completed a questionnaire regarding their knowledge and attitudes towards HPV vaccination. Immediately following this, they read an information pamphlet on HPV vaccination. They then completed the same questionnaire again. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The attitude of the adolescents towards HPV vaccination. RESULTS: Initially, 35% intended to receive the vaccination but after reading the information pamphlet, it rose to 69%. Their intention was positively correlated with their knowledge (P = 0.003), health belief (P < 0.001) and belief in who should receive the vaccine (P < 0.001) but negatively correlated with their belief that other people would approve of their vaccination (normative belief) (P < 0.001). There was a significant increase in their knowledge score (P < 0.001) after reading the pamphlet. Their health belief and belief in who should receive vaccine became more positive (P < 0.001), but the normative belief was more negative (P = 0.002) after reading. CONCLUSION: 69% of adolescent girls intended to receive HPV vaccination and their intention was improved by reading an information pamphlet. It was positively correlated with their knowledge, health belief, and belief in who should receive the vaccine, but negatively correlated with their normative belief.

Women's attitudes on human papillomavirus vaccination to their daughters.

This study assessed the impact of an information pamphlet on acceptance of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in Chinese women. The pamphlet increased the self-perceived knowledge on cervical cancer and HPV of the study subjects and had a positive influence on women accepting HPV vaccination for their daughters (p < .001).

Heterobimetallic Zn(II)-Ln(III) phenylene-bridged schiff base complexes, computational studies, and evidence for singlet energy transfer as the main pathway in the sensitization of near-infrared Nd3+ luminescence.

A series of 3d-4f heterobimetallic phenylene-bridged Schiff base complexes of the general formula [Zn(mu-L1)Ln(NO3)3(S)n] [Ln = La (1), Nd (2), Gd (3), Er (4), Yb (5); S = H(2)O, EtOH; n = 1, 2; H2L1 = N,N'-bis(3-methoxysalicylidene)phenylene-1,2-diamine] and [Zn(mu-L2)Ln(NO3)3(H2O)n] [Ln = La (6), Nd (7), Gd (8), Er (9), Yb (10); n = 1, 2; H(2)L(2) = N,N'-bis(3-methoxy-5-p-tolylsalicylidene)phenylene-1,2-diamine] were synthesized and characterized. Complexes 1, 2, 4, and 7 were structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. At room temperature in CH(3)CN, both neodymium(III) (2 and 7) and ytterbium(III) (5 and 10) complexes also exhibited, in addition to the ligand-centered emission in the UV-vis region, their lanthanide(III) ion emission in the near-infrared (NIR) region. The photophysical properties of the zinc(II) phenylene-bridged complexes (ZnL1 and ZnL2) were measured and compared with those of the corresponding zinc(II) ethylene-bridged complexes (ZnL3 and ZnL4). Our results revealed that, at 77 K, both ligand-centered triplet (3LC) and singlet (1LC) states existed for the ethylene-bridged complexes (ZnL3 and ZnL4), whereas only the (1)LC state was detected for the phenylene-bridged complexes (ZnL1 and ZnL2). NIR sensitization studies of [Zn(mu-L')Nd(NO3)3(H2O)n] (L' = L1-L4) complexes further showed that Nd3+ sensitization took place via the 3LC and 1LC states when the spacer between the imine groups of the Schiff base ligand was an ethylene and a phenylene unit, respectively. Ab initio calculations show that the observed differences can be attributed to the difference in the molecular vibrational properties and electron densities of the electronic states between the ethylene- and phenylene-bridged complexes.

Multinuclear luminescent Schiff-base Zn-Nd sandwich complexes.

Multinuclear 3d-4f complexes with sandwichlike molecular structures are formed with the Schiff-base ligand bis(3-methoxysalicylidene)ethylene-1,2-phenylenediamine(H(2)L). The stoichiometry and structures are dependent on the Zn:Nd ratio and counteranions present. They are trinuclear [Nd(ZnL)2(NO3)2(H2O)2].NO3.EtOH.H2O (1), [Nd(ZnL)2Cl2(H2O)3].Cl.2MeOH.5H2O (2), and tetranuclear [Nd2(ZnL)2Cl6(MeOH)2].MeOH (3). Dinuclear complex [NdZnL(NO3)3MeCN].MeCN (4) was also characterized. Near-infrared (NIR) lanthanide luminescence is observed in these complexes.

Synthesis and crystal structure of the first lanthanide complex of N-confused porphyrin with an eta2 agostic C-H interaction.

The reaction of Ln[N(SiMe3)2]3.[LiCl(THF)3](x)(Ln = Yb and Er) with N-confused tetraphenylporphyrin (H2NCTPP) followed by Na(L(OMe))(L(OMe)=(eta5-C5H5)Co[P(=O)(OMe)2]) gives (NCTPP)Ln(L(OMe)), whose X-ray structures exhibit an eta2 agostic interaction between the metal centre and the inner C-H bond of the NCTPP ligand.

Psychiatric morbidity amongst infertile Chinese women undergoing treatment with assisted reproductive technology and the impact of treatment failure.

This is a prospective study to assess the psychiatric morbidity in Chinese infertile women who underwent treatments with assisted reproductive technology and also the impact of treatment failure. The 30-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were employed before and 3 weeks after the assisted reproductive technology treatment. Data from 372 patients who completed the questionnaires and failed the treatment were analyzed. Before treatment, 33% of the participants scored above the GHQ cutoff, and 8% had a BDI score of 20 or above, signifying moderate to severe depression. Following failed treatment, 43% scored above GHQ cutoff, and 8% had BDI scores 20 or above. The posttreatment GHQ and BDI scores were significantly higher than the corresponding scores at baseline (p < 0.001). About 13% of the participants reported self-harm ideas. The severity of depression following a failed treatment was positively associated with the duration of infertility (p < 0.05), but not with the posttreatment BDI scores, age, education, and number of previous treatment episodes. Our results show that one third of the women who sought infertility treatment had an impaired psychological well-being. Following failed treatment, there was a further deterioration in mental health, and about 10% of the participants were moderately to severely depressed. Proper psychological care and counseling should be an integral part of infertility management among the Chinese population.

Symptomatic venous thromboembolism in Chinese patients after gynecologic surgery: incidence and disease pattern.

BACKGROUND: Venous thromboembolism is a common cause of postoperative morbidity and mortality in Caucasian populations, but it is widely believed that this complication is rare in Chinese. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study from January 1998 to December 2000. Women with thromboembolic diseases after gynecologic surgery were identified and their medical records were reviewed. RESULTS: During the study period, thirty-one women were diagnosed as having thromboembolic disease after gynecologic surgery. Over the study period, the total number of operations was 6077, giving an incidence of 5.10/1000 operations. There were two cases of pulmonary embolism and the others had deep vein thrombosis of which 90% were limited to calf veins only. The incidences were significantly higher in 1999 and 2000 (7.59 and 6.85/1000 operations, respectively) than that in 1998 (1.7/1000 operations) (P = 0.015), after a case of maternal death due to pulmonary embolism in early 1999. Most cases of thromboembolism were diagnosed after major surgery for malignancy (n = 14) or benign conditions (n = 12). In the remaining cases, three had evacuation of the uterus for retained products of conception and two had laparoscopy for suspected ectopic pregnancies. CONCLUSIONS: Thromboembolic disease is not uncommon among Chinese women after gynecologic surgery. The incidence is similar to that of the Caucasian population, although the sites of vascular occlusion were different. The long belief that thromboembolism is rare among Chinese is at least partly due to under-diagnosis.