Decamethoxin and chlorhexidine bigluconate effect on the adhesive and biofilm-forming properties of Streptococcus mitis.

The aim of the study: Was to investigate the effect of antiseptics on the adhesive and biofilm-forming properties of clinical S.mitis isolates isolated from the oral cavity of patients with an infectious and inflammatory post-extraction complication. Materials and methods: Twenty four clinical isolates of S.mitis isolated from patients were studied. The studied antiseptics included 0.02% aqueous solution of decamethoxin and 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate. Adhesion of clinical isolates under the action of decamethoxin and chlorhexidine bigluconate was determined by the method of V.I. Brillis. The biofilm-forming properties of clinical isolates were studied using the "microtiter plate test" according to G.D. Christensen. Results: The studied clinical isolates of S.mitis are classified as highly adherent microorganisms. Action of decamethoxin on clinical isolates decreases the adhesion index of the studied isolates in comparison with the adhesion index of the control culture. Action of chlorhexidine bigluconate on S.mitis isolates increases of adhession of the studied clinical isolates in comparison with the control. After the effect of decamethoxin, the optical density of clinical isolates decreased considering the optical density results of the control. The clinical isolates left an average film-forming capacity even after chlorhexidine bigluconate action. Conclusions: Clinical isolates of S.mitis are highly adherent microorganisms. The antiseptic decamethoxin decreases the adhesion index of these bacteria, while chlorhexidine bigluconate increases the adhesion index of clinical S.mitis isolates. Clinical S. mitis isolates have an average biofilm formation capacity index. The antiseptic decamethoxin inhibits the biofilm formation capacity of S.mitis from medium to low.

MODERN TRENDS OF CHANGES IN THE MICROBIOTA OF UROGENITAL SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH UROLITHIASIS.

OBJECTIVE: Aim: Analysis of trends in the microbial communities of the genitourinary system in patients with urolithiasis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: 165 urine samples from patients with urolithiasis was examined. The quantitative isolation of microflora was carried out using the bacteriological method. Microorganisms were identified using API biochemical test systems (bioMerieux, France). The percentage of the various types of microorganisms was determined. The reliability of differences in the frequency of various types of microorganisms isolation in a monoculture and the composition of microbial associations was determined by two-field tables with Fisher's Exact criterion. The GraphPad Prism 7 software was used. RESULTS: Results: 198 bacterial cultures of various types were isolated. In one case, a Candida culture was isolated. E. faecalis was the most frequently isolated culture (29.1% of the isolated strains number); E. coli (18.1% of the total number of isolated cultures; K. pneumoniae (11.1%). There were no significant differences in the rate of E. faecalis compared to E. coli. K. pneumonia was isolated significantly less frequently than E. faecalis. These types of microorganisms were also leaders in the formation of bacterial mixes. In addition, these species are involved in the urease activity of bacteria (directly or indirectly), which contributes to the formation of stones in the genitourinary system. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: E. faecalis is the species most often isolated from patients with purulent-inflammatory processes in patients with urolithiasis, both in the case of mono-infection and as part of mixed bacterial cultures.

The level of dysbiosis of the oral cavity depends on the type of dental prosthesis of the patient.

The work was aimed to determine the level of oral dysbiosis of patients depending on the type of prosthetics constructures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 48 patients with the presence in the oral cavity of fixed dentures from 4 to 6 units with a service life of no more than 3 years. The samples of plaque from the vestibular surface of dentures were collected to determine the microorganisms in the gingival plaque. Bacteriological research was carried out by the multiplex polymerase chain reaction in real time using the Phemoflor 8 reagent kit. The degree of dysbiosis of the oral cavity was determined according to the classification of V. Khazanova. RESULTS: The results of the study of patients' samples did not reveal significant changes in the microbial landscape of the cervical areas. The total bacterial mass in the group of healthy individuals was lower than the total bacterial mass of patients in the investigated group significantly. IV degree of oral dysbiosis with a decrease in the number of lactobacilli, streptococci was characteristic of patients of denture wearers. The II degree of dysbiosis in patients with metal-ceramic structures was established. Patients who used solid cast and metal-plastic structures were diagnosed with II-III degree of dysbiosis of the oral cavity. The worst indicators were characteristic of prosthesis wearers of stamped-brazed structures. CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative indicators of the composition of the microbiota of the cervical areas of denture wearers have significant differences and different levels of dysbiosis of the oral cavity, depending on the type of dentures in the patients' mouth (Tab. 2, Fig. 1, Ref. 21). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords.

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA ON THE DETECTION OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS OF CLASS IGM, IGG TO SARS-COV-2 AMONG POPULATION OF POLTAVA REGION.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Of this study was to analyze epidemiological data on the detection of immunoglobulins of class M and G (IgM, IgG) to SARS-CoV-2 among urban and rural population of Poltava region. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: We have analyzed the research results of 2841 patients to determine IgM and IgG levels to SARS-CoV-2. The study included the results of patients in Poltava and nearby villages of Poltava region, obtained during July - December 2020. RESULTS: Results: Thus, 84% of patients applied for detection of IgM in the serum of patients with the pathogen COVID-2019. We have found only 135 positive results for the detection of IgM to SARS-CoV-2, which was 5.7% of the total number of people who underwent this study from July to December 2020. Moreover, women received a positive result more often than men. The IP samples for the detection of IgM to SARS-CoV-2 in the serum of patients averaged 2.5 ± 1.04. It was found that patients went to the laboratory to detect IgG to SARS-CoV-2 with the vast majority among them were residents of Poltava. However, in this case the share of positive results was 47.7%, among which the female population outnumbered the male. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The frequency of detection of positive results on IgM to SARS-CoV-2 is about 6%. The share of positive results on IgG to SARS-CoV-2 was 47.7%, among them 76.2% were women. The frequency of detection of IgM and IgG to SARS-CoV-2 during October-December 2020 significantly exceeds the indices in July-September of the same year.

Bacterial factors of cariogenicity (literature review).

OBJECTIVE: Introduction: According to the 2003 WHO report, dental caries affects from 60% to 90% of school-age children and adults that makes it one of the most common diseases worldwide. The aim was to systematize data about the modern conception of plaque formation and role of microorganisms in its development. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Biblosemantic, 50 medical literature sources were systematically reviewed as the material for the research. RESULTS: Review: According to Miller's theory, oral microorganisms can decompose dietary carbohydrates into acids, which in turn dissolve the calcium phosphates found in the enamel, causing it demineralisation Along with Streptococcus mutans, nowadays some other bacteria as Streptococcus sorbinus, Lactobacillus spp. and Actinomyces spp. have been well studied as caries contributors. However, the disease is related to plaque-mediated, because a much larger number of normal oral microflora representatives are involved in creating favourable preconditions for its development. There are a lot of original research papers about a role of bacteria in caries decay but compositions and characters of oral microflora are changing nowadays. Therefore, authors show the main cariogenic bacteria and their factors of pathogenicity which create special conditions for caries lesions. Modern concepts of dental plaque formation and pathogenesis of plaque-assosiative diseases are presented according to the new actual dental research. A lot of attention is paid to the biochemical properties of cariogenic bacteria and chemical process in biofilm. Role of acid and alkali production by oral bacteria in caries decay are shown in this article. Moreover, mechanisms of bacterial acid-fast and acid-tolerance are presented. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Analysis of literature demonstrates a lot of bacterial pathogenicity factors which play key role in caries development.

Neutrophil bactericidal activity through the stages of placement of different dental implants depending on their chemical composition.

INTRODUCTION: The analysis of data provided by implant system manufacturers has demonstrated that implants, i.e. parts screwed into the bone, are of different chemical composition of the implant. Sometimes they have little amount of metal contaminants,which are not biologically passive. THE AIM: To explore the effects produced by dental titanium implants containing metal contaminants on the stimulation of antimicrobial properties of neutrophils. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 24 patients who had from 1 to 4 titanium implants with different chemical compositions were subjected to the comprehensive check-up to this end. The functional activity of neutrophils was evaluated by nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction test. It was dynamically in 5-7 days after the implant fitting into the bone, and in 3 months after the procedure of implant placement. RESULTS: On the 5-7th day following the placement of implants with weight percentage of titanium (Ti) in the composition from 25 to 50%, the share of active neutrophils significantly increased compared with share of active neutrophils prior the surgical procedure. However, after 3 months, this parameter in patients with implants, whose titanium content was low, remained significantly high. CONCLUSIONS: The placement of dental implants systems led to an increase in the share of active neutrophils in the peripheral blood of the patients in 5-7 days following the procedure of implant insertion. However, this indicator for implant systems with a higher content of Ti in the remote period returned to its original value, which indicates their higher biocompatibility with the tissues of the human body.

Kocuria rosea, kocuria kristinae, leuconostoc mesenteroides as caries-causing representatives of oral microflora.

INTRODUCTION: Recently, opportunistic microflora are increasingly known to be involved in the development of pathological processes in various systems and organs. This situation promotes interest in their detailed study as causative agents of bacterial infections. THE AIM: To study the microbial species residing in carious cavities in acute profound caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 14 people with a diagnosis of acute profound caries. Microbiological methods included determining species of microorganisms' cultures from carious cavities in acute profound caries. Final identification was carried out by automatic bacteriological analyzer Vitec-2compact bioMérieux. CONCLUSION: Among the bacteria isolated, Kocuria rosae, Kocuria kristinae, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides are the focus of the authors' attention due to their identification rate in the patients. These microbial species are little studied due to the lack of data on their cariogenic associations.The meticulous study of the microorganisms, isolated from carious cavities in patients with acute profound caries by automatic bacteriological analyzer Vitec-2 Systems bioMérieux, and findings on their biochemical properties allow us to conclude that Kocuria rosae, Kocuria kristinae, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides are among the microorganisms making up the microflora of carious cavities under acute profound caries and are involved in the development of the caries process.

The relationship between colonization resistance of the oral cavity and individual -typological characteristics of personality: dental aspects.

INTRODUCTION: The present article deals with the role of the oral mucosa colonization resistance in the implementation of the influence of individual-typological characteristics of the individual susceptibility to caries and inflammatory periodontal diseases. THE AIM: to study the role of colonization resistance of the oral mucosa in the implementation of the influence of individual-typological characteristics of the individual susceptibility to caries and inflammatory periodontal diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The studies were conducted on 182 medical students 19-29 years old. All the examinees had a screening assessment of the oral mucosa colonization resistance by our own method, which received a patent UA 51373. CONCLUSION: It is shown that psychophysiological features of healthy individuals and patients with dental caries and gingivitis determine the level of resistance to caries and periodontal inflammatory diseases, deviation of personality profile towards high neuroticism is a risk factor for caries and gingivitis. It is reported that the highest resistance to caries and inflammatory periodontal disease had emotionally stable introverts, inflammatory periodontal disease are more common in emotionally unstable introverts. The authors found that oral colonization resistance is a predictor of the risk of caries and inflammatory periodontal diseases. Reducing of the oral cavity colonization resistance most commonly diagnosed in emotionally unstable introverts, that correlated with their low resistance to inflammatory periodontal diseases.