ABSTRACT
Cognitive disorders developing as consequence of a number of diseases of brain, are an actual problem. Now diagnostics techniques of cognitive disorders have not entered yet into wide and daily medical practice. Thus timely and exact diagnostics of these conditions allows to begin therapy in the earliest term. The offered three-level diagnostic algorithm of research will help to organise early diagnostics of cognitive disorders at the minimum expenditures of labour that will be reflected in quality of rendering of medical aid and can lead to decrease in direct and indirect expenses on treatment and rehabilitation.
Subject(s)
Algorithms , Brain Injuries/diagnosis , Dementia/diagnosis , Outpatients , Brain Injuries/rehabilitation , Dementia/rehabilitation , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
The craniocerebral trauma is one of the major problems of modern medicine. The significant amount of the patients who have had a trauma of the brain become invalids, this situation promotes their social and household disadaptation. The origin of the damage of the highest cortical functions which embarrass full reintegration of patients into different spheres of activity has a particular significance. In the article the philosophies of clinical diagnostic posttraumatic cognitive disorders are set up, the possible approaches to the rehabilitation of patients are showed, the different directions of the pathogenetic pharmacological therapy with allowance of the action drugs mechanism.
Subject(s)
Brain Injuries/diagnosis , Brain Injuries/drug therapy , Cognition Disorders/diagnosis , Cognition Disorders/drug therapy , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/drug therapy , Brain Injuries/rehabilitation , Cognition Disorders/rehabilitation , Female , Humans , Male , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/rehabilitationABSTRACT
In 1860 year in Medical-surgical academy in St. Petersburg was found the first department of nervous and mental diseases. With this department are aligned names of the greatest native neurologists and psychiatrists (Merzheevsky I.P., Bekhterev V.M., Blumenau L.V., Astvatsarov M.I., Dojnikov B.S., Triumfov A.V., Razdolsky I.Ya., Panov A.G. and etc.) who took the glory of Russian neurology. For 150 years the department was the base of neurological specialists for all medical institutes of the state. The department keeps the single educational and scientific institute, supplying systematic and high-qualified preparedness of military neurologists.
Subject(s)
Education, Medical, Graduate/history , Mental Disorders , Military Medicine/history , Nervous System Diseases , Schools, Medical/history , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , RussiaABSTRACT
We studied the efficacy of akatinol memantine compared to that of piracetam in the treatment of 41 patients with posttraumatic cognitive disturbances (20 patients were treated with akatinol memannine and 21 patients with piracetam) during 24 weeks. Ten patients had a severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and 11 patients had mild TBI. Treatment efficacy was assessed during 6 months using the data of clinical examination, neuropsychological testing, CT and MRI. Akatinol exerted a distinct positive, stable and continuously effect on a broad spectrum of cognitive disturbances while the effect of piracetam was observed only for some cognitive functions and was short-term (during 1 month). Both drugs were well-tolerated by patients.
