ABSTRACT
Aim: This study aimed at assessing and comparing perceived leadership competencies of doctors occupying managerial positions in a public and various private hospitals in Jos metropolis of Plateau state, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, comparative multicenter study. It involved self-assessment by 27 doctors occupying managerial positions in public and private hospitals within Jos metropolis and peer-assessments by 89 health and nonhealth professionals who worked with the doctor-managers at the time of the study. The National Center for Healthcare Leadership competency model was used as the assessment tool. Results: We found that perceived leadership competencies were low for all doctor-managers irrespective of their hospital affiliation. Distributions of these competencies varied with the private sector showing superiority for certain competencies. Conclusion: Perceived leadership competencies were low for the doctor-managers assessed. This calls for an innovative approach to the training and practice of health management in Jos Metropolis.
RésuméObjectif: Cette étude visait à évaluer et à comparer les compétences de leadership perçues des médecins occupant des postes de direction dans divers hôpitaux du public et privé dans la métropole de Jos, Plateau state, Nigeria. Matériaux et méthode: C'était une étude tranversale comparative multicentrique. I'll s'agissait d'une auto évaluation par 29 médecins occupant des postes managériaux dans la l'hôpitaux public et privés dans la métropole de Jos et d'une évaluation par 89 professionnels de la santé et de la non-santé qui ont travailler avec les médecin-gestionnaires au moment de l'étude. Résultats: Nous avons constaté que les compétences de leadership perçues étaient faibles pour tous les médecins-gestionnaires, indépendamment de leur affiliation à l'hôpital. Les répartitions de ces compétences variaient avec le secteur privé montrer de la supériorité pour certaines compétences. Conclusion: Les compétences en leadership perçues étaient faibles pour les médecins-gestionnaires évalués. Cela nécessite une approche innovante de la formation et de la pratique de la gestion de la santé à Jos métropole.
Subject(s)
Hospital Administration/standards , Hospital Administrators/psychology , Hospitals, Private/organization & administration , Hospitals, Public/organization & administration , Leadership , Physicians , Private Sector , Professional Competence , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , NigeriaABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Among many Kenyan rural communities, access to in-patient healthcare services is seriously constrained. It is important to understand who has ready access to the facilities and services offered and what factors prevent those who do not from doing so. AIM: To identify factors affecting time of access of in-patient healthcare services at a rural district hospital in Kenya. SETTING: Webuye District hospital in Western Kenya. METHODS: A cross-sectional, comparative, hospital-based survey among 398 in-patients using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Results were analysed using SPSS V.12.01. RESULTS: The median age of the respondents, majority of whom were female respondents(55%), was 24 years. Median time of presentation to the hospital after onset of illness was 12.5 days. Two hundred and forty seven patients (62%) presented to the hospital within 2 weeks of onset of illness, while 151 (38%) presented after 2 weeks or more. Ten-year increase in age, perception of a supernatural cause of illness, having an illness that was considered bearable and belief in the effectiveness of treatment offered in-hospital were significant predictors for waiting more than 2 weeks to present at the hospital. CONCLUSION: Ten-year increment in age, perception of a supernatural cause of illness(predisposing factors), having an illness that is considered bearable and belief in the effectiveness of treatment offered in-hospital (need factors) affect time of access of in-patient healthcare services in the community served by Webuye District hospital and should inform interventions geared towards improving access.
Subject(s)
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, District/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, Rural/statistics & numerical data , Inpatients/statistics & numerical data , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Kenya , Male , Middle Aged , Risk Factors , Rural Health , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: A competency-based approach to family medicine (FM) post graduate (PG) training falls short of a holistic process if it focuses only on patients' needs without eliciting those of trainees. AIM: To identify perceived competency deficits of trainees and challenges hindering achievement of learning outcomes. SETTING: PG FM programmes in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey using a web-based questionnaire with a list of competency items and challenges. Common Factor Analysis was used to ascertain which competency items and challenges accounted for the highest shared variability. A perceived competency deficit was assumed for any item with a component loading of <0.5. For challenges, higher component loadings denoted higher levels of agreement with the annotated item. Data were analysed using SPSS (version 16). RESULTS: A total of 150 trainees took the survey. Appraising and utilising scientific knowledge was the item with a perceived competency deficit, while poor mentor-mentee relationship was considered the foremost challenge that hindered learning outcomes. CONCLUSION: Critical appraisal and utilisation of scientific knowledge should be part of every stage of the African FM trainee's learning experience. To achieve this and other learning outcomes, improving mentor-mentee relationships are essential.