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1.
Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 17(5): 853-876, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38219900

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Proapoptotic tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) signaling as a cause of cancer cell death is a well-established mechanism. However, TRAIL-receptor (TRAIL-R) agonists have had very limited anticancer activity in human beings, challenging the concept of TRAIL as a potent anticancer agent. Herein, we aimed to define mechanisms by which TRAIL+ cancer cells can leverage noncanonical TRAIL signaling in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) promoting their abundance in murine cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). METHODS: Multiple immunocompetent syngeneic, orthotopic models of CCA were used. Single-cell RNA sequencing and cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing of CD45+ cells in murine tumors from the different CCA models was conducted. RESULTS: In multiple immunocompetent murine models of CCA, implantation of TRAIL+ murine cancer cells into Trail-r-/- mice resulted in a significant reduction in tumor volumes compared with wild-type mice. Tumor-bearing Trail-r-/- mice had a significant decrease in the abundance of MDSCs owing to attenuation of MDSC proliferation. Noncanonical TRAIL signaling with consequent nuclear factor-κB activation in MDSCs facilitated enhanced MDSC proliferation. Single-cell RNA sequencing and cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing of immune cells from murine tumors showed enrichment of a nuclear factor-κB activation signature in MDSCs. Moreover, MDSCs were resistant to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis owing to enhanced expression of cellular FLICE inhibitory protein, an inhibitor of proapoptotic TRAIL signaling. Accordingly, cellular FLICE inhibitory protein knockdown sensitized murine MDSCs to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Finally, cancer cell-restricted deletion of Trail significantly reduced MDSC abundance and murine tumor burden. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting TRAIL+ cancer cells for treatment of a poorly immunogenic cancer.


Subject(s)
Bile Duct Neoplasms , Cholangiocarcinoma , Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells , Humans , Mice , Animals , Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells/metabolism , NF-kappa B/metabolism , Ligands , CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein/metabolism , Apoptosis , Cholangiocarcinoma/drug therapy , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism , Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic/metabolism , Epitopes
2.
Hepatology ; 77(6): 1943-1957, 2023 06 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36052732

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Morreton virus (MORV) is an oncolytic Vesiculovirus , genetically distinct from vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). AIM: To report that MORV induced potent cytopathic effects (CPEs) in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in vitro models. APPROACH AND RESULTS: In preliminary safety analyses, high intranasal doses (up to 10 10 50% tissue culture infectious dose [TCID 50 ]) of MORV were not associated with significant adverse effects in immune competent, non-tumor-bearing mice. MORV was shown to be efficacious in a Hep3B hepatocellular cancer xenograft model but not in a CCA xenograft HuCCT1 model. In an immune competent, syngeneic murine CCA model, single intratumoral treatments with MORV (1 × 10 7 TCID 50 ) triggered a robust antitumor immune response leading to substantial tumor regression and disease control at a dose 10-fold lower than VSV (1 × 10 8 TCID 50 ). MORV led to increased CD8 + cytotoxic T cells without compensatory increases in tumor-associated macrophages and granulocytic or monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that wild-type MORV is safe and can induce potent tumor regression via immune-mediated and immune-independent mechanisms in HCC and CCA animal models without dose limiting adverse events. These data warrant further development and clinical translation of MORV as an oncolytic virotherapy platform.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular , Liver Neoplasms , Oncolytic Virotherapy , Mice , Humans , Animals , Liver Neoplasms/therapy , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology , Vesiculovirus , Disease Models, Animal , Cell Line, Tumor
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