[Characteristics of cerebral hemodynamics and the resistance to major cardiovascular diseases based on the data of an epidemiologic survey]. / Osobennosti mozgovoi gemodinamiki i ustoichivost k osnovnym serdechno-sosudistym zabolevaniiam po dannym épidemiologiches- kogo issledovaniia.

In the cross-sectional population study of 411 subjects aged 35-64 years and longitudinal 5.5-year follow-up of 157 aged 20-54 years, a relationship was examined between pulse blood flow to the cerebral vessels, their tone as assessed by rheoencephalography and resistance to arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, and brain vascular lesions. The proportion of healthy persons (without the above-mentioned diseases) was shown to be larger if the pulse blood flow to the cerebral vessels was higher and their tone was lower. In the longitudinal study, the probability to remain healthy was demonstrated to be increased with elevated pulse flow to the cerebral vessels.

[A new approach to evaluating the prevalence of electro- cardiographic high-amplitude R and S waves during mass screening]. / Novyi podkhod k otsenke rasprostranennosti vysokoamplitudnykh zubtsov R i S EKG pri massovykh obsledovaniiakh.

Relationships between the prevalence of electrocardiographic high-amplitude R and S waves, the stroke index, mean hemodynamic arterial BP and left-ventricular myocardial thickness (MT) were examined in a population of 411 individuals, aged 35-64 years. The prevalence of those waves is shown to have independent functional relationships with the stroke index and mean hemodynamic BP, irrespective of left-ventricular myocardial morphology. This functional approach is used to explain the causes of low sensitivity of electrocardiographic signs of left-ventricular myocardial hypertrophy when used for diagnostic purposes at population screenings.

Medical efficacy of a cooperative prevention programme of arterial hypertension.

The study included 43,197 men aged 40-54 years, of whom 23,378 were in the intervention group and 19,819 in the comparison group; the number of man-years of follow-up totalled for the whole group 177,703. The study proved the efficacy of active, predominantly secondary prevention of arterial hypertension (AH), carried out in men aged 40-54 years over a period of 3-5 years in 12 centres within the framework of the cooperative programme. In comparison with the control group, the following changes were registered in the intervention group: 1) overall mortality decreased by 17.3%; 2) stroke mortality decreased by 48.4%; 3) non-lethal stroke morbidity decreased by 51.4%; 4) morbidity of non-fatal myocardial infarction decreased in the course of four years by 23.8%. In contrast to this, mortality due to ischaemic heart disease was in the intervention group and in the control group practically the same.

[Prevalence and diagnostic evaluation of electrocardiographic signs of left ventricular hypertrophy in arterial hypertension in a population study]. / Rasprostranenie i diagnosticheskaia tsennost' élektrokardiograficheskikh priznakov gipertrofii levogo zheludochka pri arterial'noi gipertonii v populiatsionnom obsledovanii.

Signs of left ventricular hypertrophy according to Minnesota code (categories 3-1, 3-3) and ECG findings (RAVL greater than or equal to 7 mm, RV5,6 + SV2 greater than 35 mm, RV6 greater than RV4, with RV6 greater than RV5; S V2 greater than 24 mm and RI + SIII greater than 25 mm) were studied in 779 men, aged 40-54 and 296 women, aged 35-50 in whom essential hypertension was revealed during screening. The control group was formed of a random sample from 341 normotensive men and 103 women of the same age. Signs of left ventricular hypertrophy were observed in 18.2% of men and 5% of women in patients with essential hypertension and in 6.7% of men and 5.8% of women in the control group. Electrocardiographic findings of left ventricular hypertrophy are of high specificity (more than 0.9) and low sensitivity (about 0.1) in regard to essential hypertension.

[Diagnostic value of electrocardiographic criteria of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension in a population study]. / Diagnosticheskaia tsennost' v populiatsionnom obsledovanii élektrokardiograficheskikh kriteriev gipertrofii levogo zheludochka pri gipertonicheskoi bolezni.

The correlation between the diagnosis by the criteria of the Minnesota code and the known indices of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (RAVL greater than or equal to 7 mm, Rv5,6 + Sv1,2 greater than greater than 35 mm, Rv6 greater than Rv4 Sv2 greater than 24 mm) in 12 standard leads and the roentgenocardiometric data has been analyzed. 156 males (35-54 years of age) and 175 females (30-52 years of age) suffering from first and second stage of essential hypertension as well as 60 male and 30 female controls from the staff population of the Likhachev Plant have been studied. The study has shown that sensitivity of the above ECG criteria for LVH, diagnosed by roentgenocardiometry, is higher in males than in females, their specificity being higher in females. The correlation ratio of ECG criteria with established LVH is 0.18 for males, and 0.26 for females. In the first stage of essential hypertension no correlation between ECG criteria for LVH and roentgenocardiometric data were observed. The second stage of essential hypertension was characterized by negative correlation between ECG criteria for LVH and roentgenocardiometric data.

[ECG in arterial hypertension in 15 and 16-year-old adolescents]. / EKG pri arterial'noi gipertenzii u podrostkov 15--16 let.

The ECG data are analyzed in the adolescents, aged 15-16, with arterial hypertension, revealed during the prospective examination. Th main group consisted of 238 adolescents with arterial hypertension, and the control group of 172 healthy adolescents. ECG recording was done in 12 conventional leads. ECG was assessed according to the Minnesota code. The data were compared with the criteria of the clinical electrocardiography. 1/3 of the adolescents had normal ECG. The duration of RQ interval, P wave, QRS complex and internal deviation time were within normal, as in the adults. The signs of the left ventricular hypertrophy were revealed in 11.3% of the adolescents of the main group. The sign RV5,6 + SV1 greater than 35 mm was the most typical one. The left ventricular electric prevalence by the position of the transitional zone was observed in 44.1% of the adolescents of the main group. Sinus tachycardia was detected in 14.7% of the cases.

[Systolic murmur in mitral stenosis]. / O sistolicheskom shume pri mitral'nom stenoze.

Phonocardiograms recorded before operation in the usual auscultation points were compared with the findings during operation in 223 patients and the results of autopsy of 12 persons who had undergone mitral commissurotomy. A systolic murmur at the apex of the heart had been recorded in 184 patients and in 9 persons who had died. In 87 patients it was associated with regurgitation. In 97 patients and in 9 who had died a pure mitral stenosis was revealed on operation. Besides the possible regurgitation as the result of coase deformity of the mitral valve and infravalvular apparatus, the causes of the systolic murmur may be relative incompetence of the tricuspid valve, functional stenosis of the pulmonary artery and concomitant aortic stenosis. In 10 cases the cause of the systolic murmur was not disclosed. The question of its origin calls for further study.