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1.
Rev. Investig. Salud. Univ. Boyacá (En línea) ; 10(1): 165-177, 2023. tab, ilust
Article in English | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1552762

ABSTRACT

We report a case of constrictive pericarditis due to extrapulmonary tuberculosis associated with Human Immuno-deficiency Virus, complicated by cardiac tamponade that required surgical intervention in a drug user patient. The importance of early diagnosis and management is widely highlighted


El artículo presenta un caso de pericarditis constrictiva secundaria a tuberculosis extrapulmonar en un paciente con prueba positiva para virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) consumidor de sustancias psicoactivas, quien durante la hospitalización desarrolló un taponamiento cardíaco con requerimiento de intervención quirúrgica. Se plantea la discusión de la importancia de cada una de las pruebas solicitadas y el manejo adecuado en pacientes con dichas patologías


O artigo apresenta um caso de pericardite constritiva secundária à tuberculose extrapulmonar em paciente com teste positiva para vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) e usuário de substâncias psicoativas que, durante a internação, desenvolveu tamponamento cardíaco com necessidade de intervenção cirúrgica. Discute-se a importância de cada um dos exames solicitados e o manejo ade-quado de pacientes com essas patologias


Subject(s)
Pericarditis, Constrictive , Cardiac Tamponade , HIV , Immunosuppression Therapy , Tuberculosis, Extrapulmonary
2.
Infectio ; 25(4): 296-299, oct.-dic. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1286726

ABSTRACT

Resumen La identificación del nuevo Coronavirus tipo 2 en marzo de 2020 en Colombia ha generado paradigmas e incógnitas en la epidemiología nacional con respecto a la llegada aproximada del virus y sus mecanismos de diseminación local en los departamentos y ciudades principales. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con COVID-19 que tuvo su inicio de síntomas dos semanas antes de la declaración del primer caso en Colombia, lo que sugiere circulación del virus y transmisión local en Colombia previo a la declaración de la epidemia.


Abstract The identification of Coronavirus type 2 in March 2020 in Colombia has generated paradigms and unknows in the national epidemiology regarding the approxi mate arrival of the virus and its mechanisms of local dissemination in the main departments and cities. We present the case of a patient with COVID-19 that had its onset of symptoms two weeks before the declaration of the first case in Colombia, wich moves the circulation of the virus and local transmission in Colombia prior the declaration of the epidemic.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Coronavirus , COVID-19 , Pneumonia , Viruses , Epidemiology , Colombia , Epidemics , Infections
3.
Arch. med ; 21(1): 57-66, 2021/01/03.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1148363

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: caracterizar el perfil clínico y epidemiológico de las mujeres embarazadas con diagnóstico de infección de vías urinarias. La infección del tracto urinario es una de las patologías infecciosas más frecuentes, que afecta en especial a las mujeres gestantes por las complicaciones inherentes a los cambios fisiológicos durante el embarazo. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectiva, empleando historias clínicas de pacientes gestantes entre los años 2017-2020, definiendo criterios para incluirlas en el presente estudio; la información se registró en una base de datos para facilitar su análisis. Resultados: 112 historias clínicas cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad. El microorganismo más frecuente en el urocultivo fue la Escherichia coli en el 34.8%. La mediana de días de manejo intrahospitalario fue de 3 días, por el tiempo que toma obtener el resultado del urocultivo para definir la sensibilidad al antibiótico. De las pacientes manejadas con aztreonam, solo una requirió escalar tratamiento antibiótico. Conclusiones: el aztreonam podría considerarse primera línea de elección empírica para manejo intrahospitalario, no obstante, se requieren estudios controlados al respecto; así mismo se requieren estudios de casos y controles que permitan detectar que condiciones predisponen a algunas gestantes frente a otras al desarrollo de estas infecciones..Au


Objective: to characterize the clinical and epidemiological profile of pregnant women diagnosed with urinary tract infection. The urinary tract infection is one of the most frequent infectious diseases, it has great implications in pregnant women because have a higher risk of secondary complications due to the physiological changes inherent in pregnancy. Materials and methods: a retrospective cohort study was carried out, using medical records of pregnant patients between the years 2017-2020, criteria were defined to include the patients; the information was registered in a data base to facilitate the analysis. Results: 112 medical records that met the eligibility criteria were included. The most common microorganism in the culture was Escherichia coli in 34.8%. The median days of in-hospital management in this study was 3 days, explained by the time it takes to obtain the urine culture result to define antibiotic sensitivity. Of the patients managed with aztreonam, only one required scaling antibiotic treatment. Conclusions: aztreonam may be used as first empiric line of treatment in hospitalized patients, nonetheless it requires controlled studies. Likewise, case and control studies are required to detect which conditions predispose some pregnant women to develop urinary tract infections..Au


Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Urinary Tract Infections , Pregnant Women
4.
F1000Res ; 10: 1305, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37655229

ABSTRACT

A clear understanding of the origin and role of the different subtypes of the B cell lineage involved in the activity or remission of multiple sclerosis (MS) is important for the treatment and follow-up of patients living with this disease. B cells, however, are dynamic and can play an anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory role, depending on their milieu. Depletion of B cells has been effective in controlling the progression of MS, but it can have adverse side effects. A better understanding of the role of the B cell subtypes, through the use of surface biomarkers of cellular activity with special attention to the function of memory and other regulatory B cells (Bregs), will be necessary in order to offer specific treatments without inducing undesirable effects.


Subject(s)
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Multiple Sclerosis , Humans , Cell Lineage , Multiple Sclerosis/therapy , B-Lymphocytes
5.
F1000Res ; 7: 514, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30345018

ABSTRACT

Immunomodulatory therapies available for the treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) accomplish control and neutralization of peripheral immune cells involved in the activity of the disease cascade but their spectrum of action in the intrathecal space and brain tissue is limited, taking into consideration the persistence of oligoclonal bands and the variation of clones of lymphoid cells throughout the disease span. In animal models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the presence of CXCL13 has been associated with disease activity and the blockade of this chemokine could work as a potential complementary therapeutic strategy in patients with MS in order to postpone disease progression. The development of therapeutic alternatives with ability to modify the intrathecal inflammatory activity of the meningeal tertiary lymphoid organ to ameliorate neurodegeneration is mandatory.


Subject(s)
Chemokine CXCL13/physiology , Immunomodulation , Multiple Sclerosis/immunology , Multiple Sclerosis/therapy , Animals , Chemokine CXCL13/genetics , Disease Progression , Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology , Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/therapy , Humans , Lymphoid Tissue/immunology , Meninges/immunology
6.
F1000Res ; 6: 566, 2017.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28588765

ABSTRACT

Although no evidence of disease activity (NEDA) permits evaluation of response to treatment in the systematic follow-up of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), its ability to accomplish detection of surreptitious activity of disease is limited, thus being unable to prevent patients from falling into a non-reversible progressive phase of disease. A protocol of evaluation based on the use of validated biomarkers that is conducted at an early stage of disease would permit the capture of abnormal neuroimmunological phenomena and lead towards intervention with modifying therapy before tissue damage has been reached.

7.
J Environ Manage ; 202(Pt 3): 532-542, 2017 Nov 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28094063

ABSTRACT

Ancient agricultural terrace practices have survived for millennia, sustaining populations through extreme climatic shifts and political regime changes. In arid regions with abrupt relief such as Southern Peru, agricultural terracing is undergoing a resurgence, as has seen revitalization of once abandoned terrace and hydraulic systems. Wari terraces at Cerro Baul provide clues to past cultural practices. They also document sustainable farming practices by using resilient land management techniques which can help combat desertification and degradation of arable lands. Three abandoned Wari terrace systems were mapped using microtopographic methods, the erosion patterns examined, the states of preservation compared, and then the design contrasted with modern terracing practices in the Moquegua Valley. In order to negate the harmful effects of desertification, rehabilitation and reconstruction of these terraces using ancient knowledge and techniques may be necessary. Rehabilitation must be conducted with consideration for preservation of cultural patrimony that may be encountered within the terrace treads or riser structures. With future climatic shifts impacting vulnerable dryland areas more than others, the ability to resiliently respond to these changes may be found in the lessons learned from ancient farming techniques such as the Wari.


Subject(s)
Agriculture , Conservation of Natural Resources , Desert Climate , Peru
8.
CES med ; 30(2): 148-157, jul.-dic. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-952213

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducciónen el trasplante renal de donante fallecido es importante tener marcadores tempranos que ayuden a predecir la funcionalidad adecuada del injerto renal. La medición de creatinina continóa siendo el marcador de elección para definir si los riñones de un posible donante son aptos para ser trasplantados. La lipocalina asociada a la gelatinasa del neutrófilo urinaria (NGALu) es un biomarcador que ha sido utilizado para el diagnóstico temprano de lesión renal aguda, pero su comportamiento es incierto en el donante fallecido. Este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar si los niveles de NGALu del donante pueden predecir la función retardada del injerto (FRI) en los receptores. Métodología: cohorte prospectiva en la que se evaluaron los niveles de NGALu del donante al momento de la extracción renal; se aplicó estadística descriptiva y pruebas no paramétricas. Se exploró el comportamiento de este biomarcador en el donante del injerto renal para determinar si es un factor predictivo de función retardada del injerto. Resultados: se evaluaron 27 donantes de criterios óptimos; el 74,1 % eran hombres, la edad tuvo una mediana de 27 años (rango: 18,8-43,3); la principal causa de muerte fue trauma encefalocraneano, seguido por el accidente cerebrovascular. La creatinina tuvo una mediana de 0,8 mg/dl y los valores de NGALu tuvieron una mediana de 11,1ng/ml (4,2-33,6). En total se realizaron 46 trasplantes, de los cuales el 15,2 % presentaron función retardada del injerto y dos pacientes necesitaron terapia de reemplazo renal en la primera semana luego del trasplante. Los valores de NGALu agrupados de acuerdo a presencia o no de función retardada del injerto fueron de 11,1 ng/ml (3-17,3) en los pacientes sin función retardada del injerto y 11,2 ng/ml en los pacientes con dicha función (7,7-39,4) (p=0,40). En el análisis multivariado no se encontró ningón factor asociado al desarrollo de función retardada del injerto. Conclusión: en este estudio la medición de uNGAL en donantes fallecidos de criterios óptimos no predijo función retardada del injerto.


Abstract Introduction: For deceased donor renal transplantation, it is important to have early markers that can predict the functional outcome of the transplant. Currently, creatinine is the marker of choice for determining whether a potential donor's kidneys are suitable for transplantation. Urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) is a biomarker that has been utilized to diagnose early-stage acute kidney injury, but its behavior in deceased donors is uncertain. The objective of this study was to determine whether donor uNGAL levels can predict delayed graft function in recipients. Methodology: A prospective cohort utilizing descriptive statistics and non-parametric median tests was carried out to evaluate donor uNGAL levels at the time of kidney removal. The behavior of this biomarker was analyzed in kidney transplant donors to evaluate its use as a predictive factor for DGF. Results: A total of 27 standard criteria transplants were evaluated, including 7 (25.9%) women and 20 (74.1%) men with a median age of 27 years (18.75-43.25). The principal cause of death was traumatic head injury, followed by stroke. The median creatinine level was 0.8 mg/dl (0.57-1), and the median uNGAL level was 11.1 ng/ml (4.2-33.6). In total, 46 transplants were performed, of which 15.22% (7 patients) presented with delayed graft function and 2 patients needed renal replacement therapy within the first week after transplantation. The patients were grouped according to the presence of DGF, with median uNGAL values of 11.1 ng/ml (3-17.3) in patients without DGF and median values of 11.2 ng/ml (7.7-39.4) (p=0.4) in those with delayed graft function. No factors were found to be associated with the development of delayed graft function in the multivariate analysis. Discussion: in this study, uNGAL measurements in deceased standard criteria donors did not predict delayed graft function.

9.
Infectio ; 20(1): 3-8, ene.-mar. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-770872

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La bacteremia por Staphylococcus coagulasa negativo (SCN) es una infección que actualmente genera significativa morbimortalidad dado el tipo de pacientes a los que afecta y el cambio en el perfil de susceptibilidad a los antibióticos. Objetivo: Describir características de los pacientes con aislamientos de SCN en sangre con CIM para vancomicina ≥2. Metodología: Estudio observacional descriptivo en pacientes hospitalizados ≥ 15 años. Resultados: De 130 aislamientos, 38 (29,23%) tenían CIM para vancomicina ≥ 2. La mediana de edad fue de 54 años y la razón hombre:mujer, de 1,37:1. Las especies más frecuentes fueron: S. epidermidis (71,1%), S. haemolyticus (13,2%) y S. hominis (7,9%). El 44,7% tenían antecedentes de inmunosupresión, siendo las más importantes: neoplasias (28,9%), enfermedad reumatológica (5,2%) y VIH (2,6%). El 81,5% tenían accesos vasculares, el 97,3% antecedente de hospitalización previa y el 60,5% habían requerido manejo en la UCI. El 81,4% tuvieron exposición previa a antibióticos, y los más utilizados fueron: betalactámicos (78,9%) y vancomicina (50%). En el 2,6% se documentó endocarditis infecciosa. De los aislamientos de SCN con CIM para vancomicina ≥2 µg/ml, el 26,3% fueron sensibles a meticilina. Los principales tratamientos recibidos fueron: daptomicina (31,5%), vancomicina (21%), linezolid (15,7%) y betalactámicos (10,5%). Se utilizó terapia combinada en el 10,5%. La mortalidad general fue del 15,8%, y la mortalidad atribuible, del 33,3%. Conclusión: Un porcentaje considerable de aislamientos tenían heterorresistencia para vancomicina. La bacteremia estuvo asociada con accesos vasculares, hospitalizaciones previas, tratamientos en cuidado intensivo y exposición previa a antibióticos. La inmunosupresión es la comorbilidad más importante, y la mortalidad es significativa.


Introduction: Currently, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) bacteremia is an infection that leads to significant morbidity and mortality given the type of patients affected and the recent changes in antimicrobial susceptibility. Objective: To describe the characteristics of patients with CNS blood isolates with vancomycin MIC ≥ 2. Methodology: Descriptive observational study on hospitalised patients ≥ 2 15 years of age. Results: Of 130 isolates, 38 (29,23%) contained vancomycin MIC ≥ 2. The median age was 54 years and the male:female ratio was 1.37:1. The most frequent species were S. epidermidis (71.1%), S. haemolyticus (13.2%) and S. hominis (7.9%). Some 44.7% of patients had a history of immunosuppression, including: neoplasms (28.9%), rheumatologic disease (5.2%) and HIV (2.6%). Some 81,5% had vascular access; 97.3% had previous hospitalisations and 60.5% had required intensive care. A total of 81.4% of the patients had prior exposure to antibiotics and the most commonly used were beta-lactams (78.9%) and vancomycin (50%). Infective endocarditis was documented in 2.6%. Of the CNS isolates with vancomycin MIC ≥ 2, 26.3% were sensitive to methicillin. The main treatments received were: daptomycin (31.5%), vancomycin (21%), linezolid (15.7%) and betalactams (10.5%). Combined therapy was performed in 10.5%. The overall mortality was 15.8% and attributable mortality was 33.3%. Conclusion: A significant proportion of isolates were hetero-resistant to vancomycin. The bacteremia was associated with vascular access, previous hospitalisations, intensive care treatments and prior antibiotic exposure. Immunosuppression is the most important comorbidity and mortality is significant.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Staphylococcus , Bacteremia , Bacterial Infections , Vancomycin , Observational Studies as Topic , Anti-Bacterial Agents
10.
J Clin Cell Immunol ; 7(5)2016 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28090375

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Despite the current availability of disease modifying therapies for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, there are still patients who suffer from severe neurological dysfunction in the relapsing-remitting or early progressive forms of the disease. For these patients autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant offers an important therapeutic solution to prevent progression to irreversible disability. In spite of multiple studies in the last two decades, patient inclusion criteria, protocols for peripheral blood stem cell mobilization and bone marrow cell conditioning and methodology of follow up for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant in multiple sclerosis have not been strictly unified. METHODS: We reviewed five recent clinical studies that confirmed the positive outcome of transplant in spite of disclosing significant differences in methodology of enrollment including patient disease subtypes, disease duration range, disability, regimens of peripheral blood stem cell mobilization and bone marrow cell conditioning, scheduling of imaging studies after transplant, and absence of laboratory biomarkers consistently applied to these studies. RESULTS: Therapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant has shown best results among young individuals with severe relapsing-remitting or early progressive disease through its ability to maintain no evidence of disease activity status in a significantly higher proportion of patients after transplant in comparison to patients treated with disease modifying therapies. Important cross-sectional differences in the reviewed studies were found. CONCLUSION: A specific and careful selection of biomarkers, based on the current physiopathological mechanisms known to result in multiple sclerosis, will contribute to a better and earlier patient selection for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant and follow up process. An objective and measurable response could be obtained with the determination of biomarkers at the onset of treatment and after follow-up on reconstitution of the immune response. The application of such parameters could also help further our understanding of pathogenesis of the disease.

11.
Clin Ophthalmol ; 8: 2297-300, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25429199

ABSTRACT

Refractive errors are a fairly common eye condition worldwide, and the ophthalmologist should be capable of offering the patient both nonsurgical and surgical solutions to their refractive conditions. Nevertheless, currently, refractive surgery training during residency is poor at best. This paper explores recent evidence to suggest that postsurgical results of patients operated on by residents are not inferior to those operated on by experienced staff. It points out the urgent need to improve the current approach to refractive surgery training.

12.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 52(2): 212-7, 2014.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24758862

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The appropriate treatment for a disease requires a deep knowledge in regards to the epidemiology of the most common pathological entities. Therefore, it is important to make studies of clinical and epidemiological characterization in order to establish the evolution of the diseases in the outpatient services. The objective of this study was to perform a clinical and epidemiological characterization of patients evaluated at a pediatric ophthalmology department during the course of twelve months, in Medellín, Colombia. METHODS: Descriptive and retrospective study, in which the clinical records of all patients below the age of 18 were reviewed, regardless of their referral diagnosis. RESULTS: The most frequently diseases identified were pathological refractive errors, physiological refractive errors, and strabismus, with a prevalence of 55.1 %, 40.5 % and 32.9 %, respectively. Among strabismus, the most common were primary, residual, and accommodative. CONCLUSIONS: Among pediatric patients referred to a pediatric ophthalmology department, both refractive errors (mainly mild astigmatism) and strabismus were the most prevalent diseases. Therefore, the general physician and the general ophthalmologist should be prepared to recognize, diagnose and refer the cases that require attention.


INTRODUCCIÓN: el adecuado tratamiento de las enfermedades requiere un conocimiento extenso de la epidemiología de las entidades patológicas más comunes en el medio en el cual se desenvuelve el médico. De ahí la importancia de realizar estudios de caracterización clínica epidemiológica que permitan determinar la evolución de las enfermedades en la consulta externa. El objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar la caracterización de los pacientes atendidos en un servicio de oftalmopediatría durante un año, en Medellín, Colombia. MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, en el cual se revisaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes con edad inferior a 18 años, atendidos en un servicio de oftalmopediatría por cualquier causa. RESULTADOS: las patologías más comunes fueron los defectos refractivos patológicos, los fisiológicos y el estrabismo de cualquier tipo en 55.1, 40.5 y 32.9 %, respectivamente. Entre los estrabismos, el más común fue el primario, seguido por el residual y el acomodativo. Se evaluó el comportamiento de las patologías en los diferentes grupos de edad. CONCLUSIONES: en los niños atendidos en el servicio de oftalmología, los defectos refractivos de cualquier tipo (principalmente astigmatismo leve) y el estrabismo continúan siendo comunes, por lo que el médico y el oftalmólogo generales deben estar preparados para el reconocimiento, diagnóstico y referencia de los casos que lo ameriten.


Subject(s)
Eye Diseases/diagnosis , Eye Diseases/epidemiology , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Hospital Departments , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Ophthalmology , Retrospective Studies
13.
Alzheimers Dement ; 10(5): 552-61, 2014 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24239247

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia; the main risk factors are age and several recently identified genes. A major challenge for AD research is the early detection of subjects at risk. The aim of this study is to develop a predictive model using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), a noninvasive technique that evaluates brain chemistry in vivo, for monitoring the clinical outcome of carriers of a fully penetrant mutation that causes AD. METHODS: We studied 75 subjects from the largest multigenerational pedigree in the world (∼5000 people) that segregates a unique form of early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) caused by a fully penetrant mutation in the Presenilin-1 gene (PSEN1 p.Glu280Ala [E280 A]). Forty-four subjects were carriers of the mutation, and 31 were noncarriers. Seventeen carriers had either mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or early-stage AD (collectively MCI-AD). In right and left parietal white mater and parasagittal parietal gray matter (RPPGM and LPPGM) of the posterior cingulate gyrus and precuneus, we measured levels of the brain metabolites N-acetylaspartate (NAA), inositol (Ins), choline (Cho), and glutamate-glutamine complex (Glx) relative to creatine (Cr) levels (NAA/Cr, Ins/Cr, Cho/Cr, and Glx/Cr, respectively) with two-dimensional 1H-MRS. Using advanced recursive partition analysis and random forest analysis, we built classificatory decision trees for both mutation carrier status and the presence of MCI-AD symptoms, fitting them to 1H-MRS data while controlling for age, educational level, and sex. RESULTS: We found that (1) the combination of LPPGM Cho/Cr<0.165 and RPPGM Glx/Cr>1.54 fully excluded carriers; (2) LPPGM Cho/Cr>0.165, RPPGM Glx/Cr<1.54, and left parietal white mater NAA/Cr>1.16 identified asymptomatic carriers with sensitivity of 97.7% and specificity of 77.4%; and (3) RPPGM NAA/Cr>1.05 defined asymptomatic subjects (independent of carrier status) with sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 96.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Brain metabolites measured by 1H-MRS in the posterior cingulate gyrus and precuneus are optimally sensitive and specific potential noninvasive biomarkers of subclinical emergence of AD caused by the PSEN1 p.Glu280Ala (E280 A) mutation.


Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis , Brain/metabolism , Heterozygote , Mutation , Presenilin-1/genetics , Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Alzheimer Disease/metabolism , Cognitive Dysfunction/genetics , Cognitive Dysfunction/metabolism , Early Diagnosis , Female , Humans , Male , Models, Neurological , ROC Curve , Sensitivity and Specificity , Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
14.
Med. lab ; 2014, 20(5-6): 253-262, 2014. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-834818

ABSTRACT

Las recomendaciones para la biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina de mama se desarrollaron y aprobaron en 1997 por el Instituto Nacional de Cáncer en Bethesda, Estados Unidos y fueron adaptadas a nuestro país en 2007, sin embargo, en los últimos años no se han realizado cambios formales en estas indicaciones. El objetivo de este módulo es presentar la actualización del reporte de biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina de mama, usando el sistema de reporte Bethesda, realizado por consenso con un grupo de patólogos, clínicos, radiólogos, cirujanos de mama y otros profesionales de la salud de Colombia y otros países, y con base en la experiencia realizando biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina de mama del Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe y de Dinámica IPS.


Recommendations for breast fine needle aspiration biopsy were developed and approved in 1997 by The National Cancer Institute of Bethesda, United States, , and were adapted to our country on 2007, however, in last years these indications have not changed in a formal manner. The purpose of this review was to provide an update of the report for breast fine needle aspiration biopsy using the Bethesda system. This guide was made by consensus with pathologists, clinicians, radiologists, breast surgeons and other health professionals of Colombia and other countries. The update was basis on the experience of Hospital Pablo Tobon Uribe and Dinamica IPS in performing breast fine needle aspiration biopsy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Biopsy, Fine-Needle , Breast Diseases
15.
Rev. colomb. radiol ; 22(3): 3323-3326, sept. 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-619406

ABSTRACT

La hiperglicinemia no cetósica es un error innato del metabolismo del aminoácido glicina. Es una entidad rara que se manifiesta de manera clásica en el período neonatal con convulsiones intratables y apneas que requieren asistencia ventilatoria prolongada. Se presenta el caso de un lactante de 2 meses de edad con deterioro neurológico desde el tercer día de vida y convulsiones. Se describen los hallazgos en imágenes por resonancia magnética y espectroscopia por resonancia magnética.


Subject(s)
Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors , Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic , Magnetic Resonance Imaging
16.
Rev. Estomat ; 17(1): 38-44, jul. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-563498

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La preeclampsia es una complicación del embarazo que puede comprometer tanto la vida de la madre, como la del bebé. Existen diferentes factores etiológicos para el desarrollo de la preeclampsia, incluidos las infecciones crónicas. La Enfermedad Periodontal, como infección crónica, recientemente ha sido asociada con la aparición de la preeclampsia. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión de la literatura, para constatar la posible asociación entre Enfermedad Periodontal (EP) y Preeclampsia. Métodos y Materiales: Búsqueda en las bases de datos de la red de publicaciones científicas con el fin de revisar los estudios reportados a partir de 1996 hasta 2007, para evaluar la posible asociación entre EP y Preeclampsia. Resultados: Se encontraron 11 estudios y se evaluaron sus diseños y sus resultados. Conclusiones: De esta revisión se concluye que existen muy pocos estudios dirigidos a evaluar la presencia de EP y la incidencia de Preeclampsia. Los estudios evaluados muestran resultados contradictorios lo que se puede deber a los diferentes diseños de los estudios ya que se encontró falta de unificación en los criterios de inclusión en los estudios, falta de unificación en los criterios de diagnóstico para la EP y el tamaño de la muestra es muy diferente según el tipo de estudio. Se necesitan más estudios de intervención, en los cuales se demuestre que al realizar un control o eliminación de la EP, las complicaciones del embarazo descritas anteriormente disminuyen, para reafirmar o descartar esas posibles asociaciones.


Introduction: Preeclampsia is a complication of pregnancy that can threaten both the life of the mother as the baby. There are different etiological factors for the development of preeclampsia, including chronic infections. Periodontal disease as a chronic infection has recently been associated with the onset of preeclampsia. Objective: To review the literature with the purpose of determine the possible association between periodontal disease (PD) and Preeclampsia. Methods and Materials: Database search of scientific publications in order to review studies reported from 1996 to 2007 to assess the possible association between PD and Preeclampsia. Results: There were evaluated designs and results of 11 scientific articles. Conclusions: This review concluded that there are very few studies to evaluate the presence of PD and the incidence of preeclampsia. The evaluated studies show conflicting results which may be due to the different designs of the studies, lack of unification among inclusion criteria between them, lack of standardization in diagnostics criteria for PD, and the sample size is very different depending on the type of study. More intervention studies are needed to demonstrate that controlling or eliminating PD, the previously described complications of pregnancy are minimized, in order to affirm or refute these possible associations.


Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Periodontal Diseases/complications , Pregnancy Complications , Premature Birth , Pre-Eclampsia/etiology , Cardiovascular Diseases , Diabetes Mellitus , Gastritis , Respiratory Tract Infections
17.
Acta neurol. colomb ; 24(2)abr.-jun. 2008.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-638362

ABSTRACT

La atrofia cortical posterior (ACP) es una demencia poco frecuente caracterizada por la degeneración de la corteza occipitoparietal y de las vías dorsal y ventral de procesamiento visual, que se manifiesta inicialmente por una alteración en las funciones visuales complejas y posteriormente por la aparición de elementos del síndrome de Balint y del síndrome de Gerstmann. La afectación visuoperceptual es predominante en el cuadro, respecto a otros síntomas cognitivos como el compromiso de la memoria. Se presentan tres pacientes con este síndrome demencial, que iniciaron el cuadro clínico con alteraciones visuoperceptuales y desorientación visuoespacial sin alteración inicial de la memoria, del comportamiento ni del lenguaje. Todos los casos fueron comprobados con estudios de neuroimágenes, en los que se encontró atrofia focal occipitoparietal bilateral predominante. La atrofia cortical posterior es un tipo de demencia focal, en la cual las manifestaciones visuoperceptuales son los síntomas iniciales y predominantes, mientras que otros dominios cognitivos como la memoria, el lenguaje y el comportamiento están preservados y se conservan hasta fases avanzadas de la enfermedad. Al presentar estos casos similares entre sí y concordantes con lo reportado previamente en la literatura, se hace relevante reconocer la ACP como un tipo de demencia presenil con características clínicas propias que permiten diferenciarla del perfil neuropsicológico de otras demencias.


Subject(s)
Agnosia , Atrophy , Dementia , Neuropsychology
18.
AJR Am J Roentgenol ; 188(6): W560-4, 2007 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17515349

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Accurate diagnosis and localization of dural defects associated with CSF fistulas are difficult and often involve multiple imaging studies performed at the appropriate clinical moment. Our purpose was to assess the utility of intrathecal administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine for MR cisternography of patients with CSF fistula suspected clinically to arise from defects in the nasoethmoidal regions. CONCLUSION: MR cisternography was useful for evaluating patients with rhinorrhea and suspected CSF fistula. It depicted the fistula site in most patients. No adverse effects were found in any patient.


Subject(s)
Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea/diagnosis , Gadolinium DTPA/administration & dosage , Image Enhancement/methods , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Contrast Media/administration & dosage , Female , Humans , Injections, Spinal , Male , Middle Aged , Myelography/methods , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity
19.
Acta neurol. colomb ; 22(1): 42-54, ene.-mar. 2006.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-439981

ABSTRACT

La espectroscopia por resonancia magnética (MRS) es una técnica disponible recientemente en la práctica radiológica que ofrece una valoración bioquímica, metabólica y funcional de los tejidos y complementa de una manera adecuada los estudios imaginológicos convencionales. Su uso se implementa cada día más por los radiólogos, en especial por los neurorradiólogos. La espectroscopia por resonancia magnética (MRS) permite diferenciar de una manera adecuada el cerebro normal de los tejidos anormales. Ha sido utilizada en la valoración de tumores cerebrales, en su documentación y en la caracterización de los cambios metabólicos asociados con el crecimiento tumoral, el grado de malignidad, la respuesta y los efectos secundarios al tratamiento. Su uso se ha extendido actualmente a la valoración de otras patologías como alteraciones metabólicas, estudio de demencias y convulsiones, desórdenes vasculares e infarto cerebral, valoración de algunos trastornos psiquiátricos y mas recientemente en la valoración de patología cardiaca, hígado, mama y de la próstata. En el presente artículo presentamos una revisión práctica de las aplicaciones y conceptos básicos relacionados con la aplicación de la MRS en el estudio de algunas enfermedades del sistema nervioso central


Subject(s)
Humans , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Metabolism , Central Nervous System , Epilepsy
20.
Acta neurol. colomb ; 22(1): 55-65, ene.-mar. 2006.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-439982

ABSTRACT

El esfuerzo realizado en los departamentos de urgencia y en los centros de enfermedad cerebrovascular implementando el uso de terapias trombolíticas y de agentes neuroprotectores en el manejo de pacientes con infarto cerebral agudo debe estar acompañado de un diagnostico temprano y oportuno. En este artículo revisamos la utilidad de las imágenes por resonancia magnética (RM) multimodal como un método diagnóstico sensible a un proceso fisiopatológico temprano en el infarto cerebral agudo


Subject(s)
Humans , Stroke , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Cerebral Infarction , MELAS Syndrome
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