Manipulation Treatment Strategy of Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis Based on Stability of Patella / 中国中医药信息杂志

Patellofemoral arthritis is a clinical common type of knee osteoarthritis distinguished by its pain and anatomical position. The stability of patella is crucial to the stability of the patellofemoral joint and is related to the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis. Patella stability depends on the structural geometry of patellofemoral condyle, the static mechanics of the surrounding joint capsule, tendon, fascia, ligament and patellar ligament and the dynamic mechanics of the quadriceps. Therefore, manipulation therapy should be based on the considerations on the stability of the patella as well as TCM theory. Starting from maintaining the balance of the dynamic and static mechanical system and focusing on the restoration of the stability of patella, the ultimate goal of the treatment is to restore the stability of patellofemoral joint. The main aspects of manipulation treatment strategy include the balancing of dynamic and static mechanical system, the idea of holism treatment, differentiation treatment based on tendons injury identification, fundamental principle of softening tendons, cooperation between doctors and patients, and combination of therapy and convalesce.

[Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with attenuated total reflection applied to reagent-free quantitative analysis of thalassemia screening indicators].

UNLABELLED: A simultaneous quantitative analysis method for the thalassemia screening indicators mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and hemoglobin (Hb) was developed with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers and attenuated total reflection (ATR) combined with partial least squares (PLS). A total of 380 human peripheral blood samples were collected, which were composed of 180 positive samples and 200 negative samples according to the criteria of hematological indicator screening for thalassemia. One hundred fifty samples (64 negative, 86 positive) were randomly selected from all samples as the validation set, the remaining 230 samples (136 negative, 94 positive) were used as modeling samples; and then the modeling set was further subdivided into calibration set (68 negative, 47 positive, and 115 in total) and prediction set (68 negative, 47 positive, and 115 in total) for 200 times. Comparison of experimental results show that the prediction effect of PLS models in mid-infrared (MIR) fingerprint region (1,600-900 cm(-1)) was significantly better those of PLS models in the full scanning region (4,000-600 cm(-1)), and model complexity is significantly reduced. Based on PLS model in MIR fingerprint region, the optimal numbers of PLS factors for MCH, MCV and Hb were 10, 10 and 6, respectively, and the root mean square error (M_SEP(Ave)) and the correlation coefficient (M_Rp, Ave) of prediction in the modeling set were 2.19 pg, 0.902 for MCH, 5.13 fL, 0.898 for MCV and 8.0 g · L(-1), 0.922 for Hb, respectively. The root mean square error (V_SEP) and the correlation coefficient (V_Rp) of prediction in the validation set were 2.22 pg, 0.900 for MCH, 5.38 fL, 0.895 for MCV and 7.7 g · L(-1), 0.929 for Hb, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for thalassemia screening achieved 100.0% and 95.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION: FTIR/ATR spectroscopy combined with PLS method could provide a new reagent-free and rapid technique for thalassemia screening for large populations.

In vivo study of breast carcinoma radiosensitization by targeting eIF4E.

BACKGROUND: Eukaryotic initiation factor eIF4E, an important regulator of translation, plays a crucial role in the malignant transformation, progression and radioresistance of many human solid tumors. The overexpression of this gene has been associated with tumor formation in a wide range of human malignancies, including breast cancer. In the present study, we attempted to explore the use of eIF4E as a therapeutic target to enhance radiosensitivity for breast carcinomas in a xenograft BALB/C mice model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety female BALB/C mice transfected with EMT-6 cells were randomly divided into six groups: control, irradiation (IR), pSecX-t4EBP1, pSecX-t4EBP1+irradiation, pSecX and pSecX+irradiation. At the end of the experiments, all mice were sacrificed, the xenografts were harvested to measure the tumor volume and mass, and the tumor inhibition rates were calculated. Apoptosis was detected with a flow cytometric assay. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α. RESULTS: The xenografts in pSecX-t4EBP1 mice showed a significantly delayed growth and smaller tumor volume, with a higher tumor inhibition rate compared with the control and pSecX groups. A similar result was obtained in the pSecX-t4EBP1+IR group compared with IR alone and pSecX+irradiation. The expression of HIF-1α in the tumor cells was significantly decreased, while the apoptosis index was much higher. CONCLUSIONS: pSecX-t4EBP1 can significantly inhibit tumor growth and enhance the radiosensitivity of breast carcinoma xenografts in BALB/C mice. This is possibly associated with the downregulation of HIF-1α expression, which suggests that pSecX-t4EBP1 may serve as an ideal molecular target for the radiosensitization of breast carcinoma.