ABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Mediastinum , Choriocarcinoma , Chest Pain , Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted , Diagnosis, Differential , Radiography, ThoracicABSTRACT
A powerful means to understand young children's normative development in context is to examine their everyday activities. The daily activities of 79 children (3 years old) were observed, for 20 hr each, in their usual settings. Children were selected from 4 cultural groups: European American and African American (Greensboro, United States), Luo (Kisumu, Kenya), and European descent (Porto Alegre, Brazil), evenly divided by social class. Examining children's naturally occurring engagement in school-relevant activities, both in and out of child care, revealed the importance of ecological context. The variation in activities was not explainable simply by cultural group (including race within the United States) or social class, but by the intersection of culture and class. The developmental implications of these findings are discussed.
Subject(s)
Child Behavior , Culture , Social Behavior , Achievement , Activities of Daily Living , Brazil , Child, Preschool , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Female , Humans , Kenya , Male , United StatesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: This investigation aimed at examining, through an epidemiological study, the social demographic, family and individual determinants of behaviour problems in preschool children. METHOD: Six hundred and thirty-four children, age four years, and their mothers, belonging to a cohort of 5,304 children being followed from birth, took part in the study. During a home visit, the child's behaviour problems and IQ were examined, as well as the prevalence of maternal psychiatric disorder, the quality of the home environment, and other social demographic, family and individual factors. RESULTS: The results revealed a prevalence of children's behaviour problems of 24% (clinical and borderline groups). Regression analysis showed that maternal psychiatric disorder, education and age, number of younger siblings and quality of the home environment explained 28% of the variance of the child's behaviour problems. CONCLUSIONS: The results point to the multi-determination of child behaviour problems.
