ABSTRACT
Avaliou-se o efeito da adição de teores crescentes de ureia (0,0; 0,5 e 1,0%) na matéria natural da cana-de-açúcar sobre a produção e composição do leite, eficiência alimentar e viabilidade econômica. Foram utilizadas 18 vacas em lactação, com produção média inicial de 21,3±0,8kg/dia de leite e com 83±7 dias em lactação, distribuídas em delineamento ensaio de reversão do tipo switch-back, 3x3. As dietas experimentais foram constituídas de cana-de-açúcar como volumoso único e concentrado, na relação de 50:50 (base MS). Não houve efeito da suplementação dos diferentes teores de ureia sobre a produção e composição do leite. Contudo, a eficiência alimentar (produção de leite/consumo de matéria seca) foi melhor nas dietas em que se utilizou ureia, sendo 1,14; 1,17 e 1,17, respectivamente, para as dietas com 0,0; 0,5 e 1,0% de ureia (P<0,05). Considerando-se apenas o custo alimentar, todas as dietas apresentaram saldo positivo, sendo que a dieta com 1,0% de ureia apresentou o melhor saldo.(AU)
We studied the effect of increasing 0.0, 0.5 and 1.0% urea in natural sugar cane on cow milk production and composition, food productivity and economic viability. Eighteen lactating cows were studied, they had avarage milk production of 21.3±0.8kg/day and were 83±7 days in lactation in a switch-back, 3 x 3 design. The experimental diets consisted of a unique concentrated sugar cane portion with the 50:50 relation (MS base). The results showed no effect of different urea concentrations on the milk production or composition. However, food productivity (milk production/dry matter consumption) was 1.14; 1.17, and 1.17 respectively on urea diets of 0.0; 0.5 and 1.0% (P<0.05). Considering only the alimentary cost, all diets had a positive balance, and the 1.0% urea concentration was the best.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cattle , Lactation , Milk/chemistry , Food Additives , Urea/administration & dosage , Costs and Cost AnalysisABSTRACT
X-ray phase contrast imaging (XPCi) methods are sensitive to phase in addition to attenuation effects and, therefore, can achieve improved image contrast for weakly attenuating materials, such as often encountered in biomedical applications. Several XPCi methods exist, most of which have already been implemented in computed tomographic (CT) modality, thus allowing volumetric imaging. The Edge Illumination (EI) XPCi method had, until now, not been implemented as a CT modality. This article provides indications that quantitative 3D maps of an object's phase and attenuation can be reconstructed from EI XPCi measurements. Moreover, a theory for the reconstruction of combined phase and attenuation maps is presented. Both reconstruction strategies find applications in tissue characterisation and the identification of faint, weakly attenuating details. Experimental results for wires of known materials and for a biological object validate the theory and confirm the superiority of the phase over conventional, attenuation-based image contrast.
Subject(s)
Algorithms , Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods , Microscopy, Phase-Contrast/methods , Phantoms, Imaging , Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Humans , Light , X-RaysABSTRACT
Chronic granulomatous disease was diagnosed in a 10-year-old boy who, after some weeks' decline, developed acute respiratory distress leading to multiple organ failure and death. All microbiological analyses were negative, except two blood cultures from which the novel bacterium Granulibacter bethesdensis was isolated.
Subject(s)
Acetobacteraceae/isolation & purification , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/complications , Blood/microbiology , Child , DNA, Bacterial/chemistry , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Fatal Outcome , Genes, rRNA , Humans , Male , Molecular Sequence Data , Multiple Organ Failure/etiology , Phylogeny , RNA, Bacterial/genetics , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Respiratory Distress Syndrome/etiology , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Sequence Homology, Nucleic AcidABSTRACT
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the main etiologic agent in community-acquired pneumonia, meningitis in adults and acute medium otitis in children. Our aim was to study antimicrobial susceptibility and serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated in our medium. We evaluated 83 strains in a period of two years: 41% of the strains were invasive, and 47% of the strains were resistant to penicillin, 42.1% to erythromycin, 16.8% to cefotaxime, 34.9% to tetracycline and 16.8% to chloranphenicol. All studied strains were susceptible to vancomycin. We found 28 different serotypes. The most frequently found serotypes were 19, 6, 9, 23, 3, 15, and NT. The S. pneumoniae strains which showed the highest penicillin resistance belong to serotype 19. Multiresistant strains belong to serotypes 19, 6, 23 and NT.
Subject(s)
Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Streptococcus pneumoniae/classification , Streptococcus pneumoniae/drug effects , Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Serotyping , Time FactorsABSTRACT
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of microorganisms isolated from urine samples from outpatients and the resistance of the pathogens isolated to antimicrobial agents used in the province of Cordoba, Spain, which has a Health Area of approximately 776,000 inhabitants. It was a retrospective descriptive study covering a 12-year period (1992-2003). All samples were sent from primary care to the microbiology laboratory. The laboratory techniques and criteria for evaluation were the same in all cases. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated of the Gram-negative bacteria (64%), while Enterococcus faecalis was the most frequently isolated of the Gram-positive bacteria (6.9%). A decrease in susceptibility of the isolates to the most empirically used antimicrobial drugs was observed.
Subject(s)
Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology , Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Outpatients , Spain , Urine/microbiologyABSTRACT
Streptococcus pneumoniae es el principal agente etiológico en la neumonía extrahospitalaria, la meningitis en adultos y la otitis media agudaen los niños. Nuestro objetivo ha sido determinar la resistencia antibiótica y los serotipos de las cepas de S. pneumoniae aisladas en nuestromedio. Se evaluaron un total de 83 cepas en un periodo de dos años. El 41% correspondieron a muestras procedentes de infeccionesinvasoras. El 47% de las cepas fueron resistentes a la penicilina, el 42,1% a la eritromicina, el 16,8% a la cefotaxima, el 34,9% a la tetraciclinay el 16,8% al cloranfenicol. Todas las cepas estudiadas fueron sensibles a la vancomicina. Se encontraron 28 serotipos diferentes. Losserotipos 19, 6, 9, 23, 3, 15 y NT fueron los más frecuentes. Las cepas de S. pneumoniae que presentan mayor porcentaje de resistencia ala penicilina pertenecen al serotipo 19. Las cepas multirresistentes pertenecen a los serotipos 19, 6, 23 y NT
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the main etiologic agent in community-acquired pneumonia, meningitis in adults and acute medium otitis inchildren. Our aim was to study antimicrobial susceptibility and serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated in our medium. Weevaluated 83 strains in a period of two years: 41% of the strains were invasive, and 47% of the strains were resistant to penicillin, 42.1% toerythromycin, 16.8% to cefotaxime, 34.9% to tetracycline and 16.8% to chloranphenicol. All studied strains were susceptible to vancomycin.We found 28 different serotypes. The most frequently found serotypes were 19, 6, 9, 23, 3, 15, and NT. The S. pneumoniae strains whichshowed the highest penicillin resistance belong to serotype 19. Multiresistant strains belong to serotypes 19, 6, 23 and NT
Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumococcal Infections/drug therapy , Streptococcus pneumoniae , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Streptococcus pneumoniae/pathogenicity , Serotyping/methods , Meningitis, Pneumococcal/epidemiology , Otitis Media/epidemiology , Vancomycin/pharmacokineticsABSTRACT
El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la prevalencia de los microorganismos aislados de muestras de orina procedentes de la comunidaden la provincia de Córdoba (un área sanitaria de 776.000 habitantes aproximadamente), y además determinar las tasas de resistencia a losdiferentes antimicrobianos empleados en Atención Primaria. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo que abarca un periodo de 12años (1992-2003). Todas las muestras fueron remitidas desde los Centros de Salud al Laboratorio de Microbiología del Hospital UniversitarioReina Sofía. Todos los procedimientos analíticos se realizaron siguiendo el proceder habitual del laboratorio. Escherichia coli fue el microorganismoque se aisló con mayor frecuencia entre los gramnegativos, con una media en los doce años del 64%, y Enterococcus faecalis fueel que se aisló con mayor frecuencia entre los grampositivos, con una media del 6,9% del total de microorganismos. Observamos una disminuciónen la sensibilidad de los aislamientos a los antimicrobianos de mayor uso empírico
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of microorganisms isolated from urine samples from outpatients and the resistance of thepathogens isolated to antimicrobial agents used in the province of Córdoba, Spain, which has a Health Area of approximately 776,000 inhabitants.It was a retrospective descriptive study covering a 12-year period (1992-2003). All samples were sent from primary care to themicrobiology laboratory. The laboratory techniques and criteria for evaluation were the same in all cases. Escherichia coli was the most frequentlyisolated of the Gram-negative bacteria (64%), while Enterococcus faecalis was the most frequently isolated of the Gram-positivebacteria (6.9%). A decrease in susceptibility of the isolates to the most empirically used antimicrobial drugs was observed
