ABSTRACT
Introducción: Los abordajes educativos son intervenciones recomendadas para atender las necesidades informativas y emocionales de los pacientes con cáncer de mama. Entre ellos se encuentran los materiales psicoeducativos, que idealmente deben de estar desarrollados con base en la evidencia, para favorecer la alfabetización en salud; sin embargo, esto es poco común. Objetivo: Diseñar y validar el contenido de un manual psicoeducativo sobre la colocación del catéter puerto en mujeres con cáncer de mama, así como analizar su nivel de legibilidad. Método: se llevó a cabo una investigación prospectiva y transversal-descriptiva, a través de un diseño de tipo no experimental. Para la evaluación del manual, se contó con la participación de 9 jueces expertos en psicooncología, terapia intravenosa y medicina. Se analizó la validez de contenido con el índice de Osterlind y la dificultad de lectura con el índice INFLESZ. Resultados: El manual obtuvo una excelente evaluación de su contenido con un índice de Osterlind de 0,88 y en el análisis de dificultad de lectura obtuvo una puntuación de 67,3, evidencia de un material muy fácil de leer. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos muestran que el manual desarrollado es de calidad, de fácil acceso y comprensión para los pacientes que se someterán a la colocación de un catéter puerto. Asimismo, se ofrece evidencia de la importancia de construir materiales educativos basados en la investigación y en indicadores estadísticos.(AU)
Introduction: Educational approaches are recommended interventions to address the informational and emotional needs of patients with breast cancer. Among them are psychoeducational materials, which ideally should be evidence-based developed, to promote health literacy; however, this is rare. Objective: Design and validate the content of a psychoeducational manual on central venous catheters in women with breast cancer, as well as analyze its level of readability. Method: a prospective and transversal-descriptive research was carried out, through a non-experimental design. To evaluate the manual, 9 expert judges in psycho-oncology, intravenous therapy and medicine participated. Content validity was analyzed with the Osterlind index and reading difficulty with the INFLESZ index. Results: The manual obtained an excellent evaluation of its content with an Osterlind index of 0.88 and in the analysis of reading difficulty it obtained a score of 67.3, evidence of very easy-to-read material. Conclusions: The findings show that the developed manual is of quality, easy to access and understand for patients who will undergo central venous catheters. Likewise, evidence is offered of the importance of building educational materials based on research and statistical indicators.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms , Catheters/standards , Central Venous Catheters , Manuals as Topic , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Epidemiology, DescriptiveABSTRACT
Senolytics, small molecules targeting cellular senescence, have emerged as potential therapeutics to enhance health span. However, their impact on epigenetic age remains unstudied. This study aimed to assess the effects of Dasatinib and Quercetin (DQ) senolytic treatment on DNA methylation (DNAm), epigenetic age, and immune cell subsets. In a Phase I pilot study, 19 participants received DQ for 6 months, with DNAm measured at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Significant increases in epigenetic age acceleration were observed in first-generation epigenetic clocks and mitotic clocks at 3 and 6 months, along with a notable decrease in telomere length. However, no significant differences were observed in second and third-generation clocks. Building upon these findings, a subsequent investigation evaluated the combination of DQ with Fisetin (DQF), a well-known antioxidant and antiaging senolytic molecule. After one year, 19 participants (including 10 from the initial study) received DQF for 6 months, with DNAm assessed at baseline and 6 months. Remarkably, the addition of Fisetin to the treatment resulted in non-significant increases in epigenetic age acceleration, suggesting a potential mitigating effect of Fisetin on the impact of DQ on epigenetic aging. Furthermore, our analyses unveiled notable differences in immune cell proportions between the DQ and DQF treatment groups, providing a biological basis for the divergent patterns observed in the evolution of epigenetic clocks. These findings warrant further research to validate and comprehensively understand the implications of these combined interventions.
