ABSTRACT
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ABSTRACT
Several studies have been performed to determine specific antigens for the diagnosis of tapeworms. One of these antigens is Tso31, which is used to differentiate Taenia solium and Taenia saginata in human feces. The aim of the present work was the molecular characterization of this protein in different tapeworm specimens collected in Peru: T. omisa (n = 6), T. hydatigena (n = 7), T. taeniaeformis (n = 4), T. pisiformes (n = 1), T. multiceps (n = 7), and T. solium (n = 10). Total DNA was extracted from each proglottid using a commercial DNA kit for tissue. A nested PCR was used to amplify a fragment of the previously described oncosphere-specific protein Tso31 gene. The nested PCR products were analyzed by 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis and visualized after ethidium bromide staining. All nested PCR-positive products were sequenced and their sequences were compared. Of all the tapeworms analyzed, only T. solium and T. multiceps amplified the Tso31 gene. All sequences were identical for each species. Our T. solium Tso31 showed 100% similarity when compared with published GenBank sequences. The difference between T. solium and T. multiceps Tso31 samples was 8.1%. In conclusion, our results show that the tsol31 gene is not exclusive to T. solium.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Helminth/genetics , Taenia saginata/genetics , Taenia solium/genetics , Taeniasis/diagnosis , Animals , Base Sequence , DNA , DNA, Helminth/genetics , Feces/parasitology , Humans , Peru , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Taenia , Taenia saginata/metabolism , Taenia solium/metabolism , Taeniasis/parasitologyABSTRACT
Introducción y objetivos: La fibrilación auricular es la arritmia más frecuente en los pacientes ancianos. La decisión de la anticoagulación en este grupo puede ser difícil. Quisimos estudiar el manejo de la anticoagulación oral en pacientes muy mayores con fibrilación auricular en la práctica clínica real y los factores asociados con la decisión de anticoagular. Métodos: Estudiamos todos los pacientes mayores de 80 años de edad, con fibrilación auricular conocida atendidos en la consulta de geriatría de junio a diciembre de 2013. Resultados: Estudiamos 90 pacientes, con edad media de 85,6 años. La media de la puntuación de CHA2DS2-VASc fue de 4,7 y la media de HAS-BLED fue de 2. El 53% estaban anticoagulados. De los pacientes anticoagulados, el 96% tomaban acenocumarol y un 4% los nuevos anticoagulantes. En el análisis multivariante, la edad y el antecedente de demencia se asoció a la decisión de no anticoagulación. Conclusiones: Según nuestros resultados, un alto porcentaje de pacientes muy mayores con fibrilación auricular están sin anticoagular. El antecedente de demencia y la edad pesan más que la puntuación CHAD2DS2-Vasc y HAS-BLED a la hora de decidir la anticoagulación.
Introduction and objectives: Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in elderly patients. Anticoagulation decision in this group can be difficult. We wanted to study the management of oral anticoagulation in very elderly patients with atrial fibrillation in clinical practice and the factors associated with the decision to anticoagulation. Methods: We studied all patients older than 80 years with known atrial fibrillation treated at the geriatric consultation from June to December 2013. Results: We studied 90 patients with a mean age of 85.6 years. The mean score of CHA2DS2-VASc was 4.7 and the mean of HAS-BLED was 2. 53% were anticoagulated. Out of anticoagulated patients, 96% were taking Acenocumarol and 4% new anticoagulants. In multivariate analysis, age and history of dementia was associated with the decision not to use anticoagulants. Conclusions: Our results suggest that a high percentage of very elderly patients with atrial fibrillation are without anticoagulation. The history of dementia and age outweigh the CHAD2DS2-Vasc and HAS-BLED score on deciding to anticoagulate.