Population biology and diet of Pomadasys corvinaeformis Perciformes: Pomadasyidae in Caraguatatuba Bay, Southeastern Brazil / Biología de poblaciones y dieta de Pomadasys corvinaeformis Perciformes: Pomadasyidae en Bahía Caraguatatuba, sureste de Brasil

Pomadasys corvinaeformis inhabits sandy and rocky bottoms in coastal waters, and is common in trawl samples taken from beaches. The species is very abundant on the Brazilian coast, and is of high economic and ecological importance. This study examined the spatio-temporal distribution, population biology and diet of P. corvinaeformis in Southeastern Brazil. Samples were taken by trawling monthly from August 2003 to October 2004, in two previously selected areas. The Northern area is more exposed to wave activity and is influenced by a river, functioning as a small estuary. In contrast, the Southern area is relatively sheltered from wave energy and influenced to a lesser degree by smaller rivers. The length of the specimens was measured, and the sex and gonadal stage were macroscopically identified. The abundance of this species was compared between areas and among months. The diet was analyzed seasonally by the frequency of occurrence, the percent volume, and the index of alimentary importance. P. corvinaeformis occurred in unequal proportions in the two study areas 86 in the Northern area and 14 in the Southern area and was found most abundant in May 2004, followed by June 2004. The proportion of mature and in-maturation individuals increased gradually from autumn to summer. Nine major groups of food items were recorded in the diet of P. corvinaeformis, and crustaceans comprised five of the categories: unidentified crustacean fragments, zoea larvae, amphipods, copepods and shrimps. In both, fish stomach and intestine, crustacean fragments were the most frequent item. The second most frequent items were shrimp in the stomach, and amphipods in the intestine mainly represented by their tubes. These results demonstrate that P. corvinaeformis can be considered a carnivore, with a preference on benthic organisms.

Pomadasys corvinaeformis, el pargo blanco, habita fondos rocosos y arenosos de zonas costeras y es común en arrastres de playas. La especie es muy abundante en la costa brasileña, teniendo una alta importancia ecológica y económica. Este estudio examina la distribución espacio-temporal, biología poblacional y la dieta de P. corvinaeformis en el sudeste de Brasil, a través de muestras mensuales tomadas desde agosto 2003 hasta octubre 2004, mediante arrastres en dos áreas previamente seleccionadas. El área norte es más expuesta a la acción de las olas y está bajo la influencia de un río, funcionando como un pequeño estuario. En contraste, el área sur es relativamente protegida de las olas e influenciada en menor grado por pequeños riachuelos. El largo, sexo y estadio gonadal de los organismos fue determinado y la abundancia de la especie comparada entre áreas y entre meses. La dieta a su vez, se estudió estacionalmente por medio de la frecuencia de ocurrencia, volumen porcentual y el índice de importancia alimentaria. Los resultados mostraron que P. corvinaeformis ocurrió de forma diferencial entre las dos áreas 86 en la norte y 14 en la sur y además fue más abundante en mayo 2004, seguido de junio 2004. La proporción de organismos maduros/inmaduros creció gradualmente desde el otoño hasta el verano. Relacionado con la dieta, fueron registrados nueve grupos mayores de ítems alimentarios, estando los crustáceos presentes en cinco de esas categorías: fragmentos de crustáceos no identificados, larvas zoeas, anfípodos, copépodos y camarones. Tanto en el estómago como en el intestino de los peces, los fragmentos de crustáceos fueron el ítem más abundante, mientras que el segundo ítem en importancia fueron camarones en el estómago y anfípodos en el intestino mayormente representados por su tubo. Los resultados indican que P. corvinaeformis puede ser considerado carnívoro, con clara preferencia por organismos bentónicos.

Population biology and diet of Pomadasys corvinaeformis (Perciformes: Pomadasyidae) in Caraguatatuba Bay, southeastern Brazil.

Pomadasys corvinaeformis inhabits sandy and rocky bottoms in coastal waters, and is common in trawl samples taken from beaches. The species is very abundant on the Brazilian coast, and is of high economic and ecological importance. This study examined the spatio-temporal distribution, population biology and diet of P. corvinaeformis in Southeastern Brazil. Samples were taken by trawling monthly from August 2003 to October 2004, in two previously selected areas. The Northern area is more exposed to wave activity and is influenced by a river, functioning as a small estuary. In contrast, the Southern area is relatively sheltered from wave energy and influenced to a lesser degree by smaller rivers. The length of the specimens was measured, and the sex and gonadal stage were macroscopically identified. The abundance of this species was compared between areas and among months. The diet was analyzed seasonally by the frequency of occurrence, the percent volume, and the index of alimentary importance. P. corvinaeformis occurred in unequal proportions in the two study areas (86% in the Northern area and 14% in the Southern area) and was found most abundant in May 2004, followed by June 2004. The proportion of mature and in-maturation individuals increased gradually from autumn to summer. Nine major groups of food items were recorded in the diet of P. corvinaeformis, and crustaceans comprised five of the categories: unidentified crustacean fragments, zoea larvae, amphipods, copepods and shrimps. In both, fish stomach and intestine, crustacean fragments were the most frequent item. The second most frequent items were shrimp in the stomach, and amphipods in the intestine (mainly represented by their tubes). These results demonstrate that P. corvinaeformis can be considered a carnivore, with a preference on benthic organisms.