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1.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 68(3): 237-246, dic. 2008. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-520473

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analizar los resultados iniciales de un estudio prospectivo en pacientes con schwanomas vestibulares tratados con radiocirugía en la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Material y método: Se presentan 17 pacientes portadores de schwanomas vestibularesesporádicos tratados con radiocirugía y seguidos entre 6 y 26 meses. El tratamiento fue realizado con acelerador lineal Varian clinac 21 EX, con equipamiento Varian-Zmed. La dosismarginal administrada al tumor fue de 12 a 12,5 Gray. El seguimiento a 6, 12 y 24 meses consta de resonancia magnética, audiometría y evaluación clínica. Resultados: La dosis marginal de irradiación usada fue entre 12 y 12,5 Gray normalizada a la isodosis 70% u 80%. En todos los pacientes se documentó disminución de la captación de contraste del tumor y en 16 (94%) se observaron áreas de necrosis centro tumoral. No hubo mortalidad, la preservación de audición útil fue 62,5% actuarial a 2 años. No ha existido deterioro de la función de los nervios facial ni trigémino. Todos los pacientes que previamente estaban trabajando retornaron a sus labores en promedio 11,5 días luego del tratamiento. Conclusiones: Los resultados iniciales de esta serie son comparables a los resultados publicados en la literatura y refuerzan el demostrado rol de la radiocirugía en el tratamiento de los schwanomas vestibulares.


Objective: To analyze the preliminary experience of radiosurgery for VestibularSchwannomas at the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Material and methods: The first 17 patients with sporadic Vestibular Schwannomas treated by radiosurgery at our institution are reported. The marginal dose used was 12 to 12.5 Gy. prescribed at the 70 or 80 isodose line. Patients were controlled at 6, 12 and24 months with magnetic resonance, audiometric study and clinical examination. Results: In all of the 17 patients treated a decrease tumor enhancement on MR was demonstrated. In 16 patients (94%) a pattern of central tumor necrosis was observedduring the firs year. Actuarial useful hearing was maintained in 62.5% at 2 year after treatment. Facial nerve function was maintained in all of the 15 patients with normal function at treatment (100%). Trigeminal function was maintained in all of the 14 patients (100%) with previous normal trigeminal function. The mean time to return to work or normal activities was 11.5 days after treatment Conclusions: These preliminary results are comparable with results published in theliterature and reinforce the demonstrate role of radiosurgery in the management of vestibular schwannomas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Neuroma, Acoustic/surgery , Radiosurgery/methods , Chile , Cohort Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment Outcome
2.
Rev Sci Instrum ; 78(8): 084103, 2007 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17764339

ABSTRACT

We use a multiwell micromechanical cantilever sensor (MCS) device to measure surface stress changes induced by specific adsorption of molecules. A multiplexed assay format facilitates the monitoring of the bending of 16 MCSs in parallel. The 16 MCSs are grouped within four separate wells. Each well can be addressed independently by different analyte liquids. This enables functionalization of MCS separately by flowing different solutions through each well. In addition, each well contains a fixed reference mirror which allows measuring the absolute bending of MCS. In addition, the mirror can be used to follow refractive index changes upon mixing of different solutions. The effect of the flow rate on the MCS bending change was found to be dependent on the absolute bending value of MCS. Experiments and finite element simulations of solution exchange in wells were performed. Both revealed that one solution can be exchanged by another one after 200 microl volume has flown through. Using this device, the adsorption of thiolated DNA molecules and 6-mercapto-1-hexanol on gold surfaces was performed to test the nanomechanical response of MCS.


Subject(s)
Biosensing Techniques/instrumentation , Biotechnology/instrumentation , Flow Injection Analysis/instrumentation , Microarray Analysis/instrumentation , Microfluidic Analytical Techniques/instrumentation , Photometry/instrumentation , Transducers , Biosensing Techniques/methods , Biotechnology/methods , Equipment Design , Equipment Failure Analysis , Flow Injection Analysis/methods , Materials Testing/instrumentation , Materials Testing/methods , Mechanics , Microarray Analysis/methods , Microfluidic Analytical Techniques/methods , Miniaturization , Photometry/methods , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity
3.
J Appl Biomater Biomech ; 5(2): 107-16, 2007.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20799180

ABSTRACT

By enabling the maintenance of controlled chemical and physical environmental conditions, bioreactors proved that electro-mechanical stimulation improves tissue development in vitro, especially in the case of tissues which are subjected to stimuli during embryogenesis and growth (i.e. skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue). However, most of the bioreactors developed in the last 20 yrs, designed to suit specific applications, lack versatility. With the aim to provide researchers with a yielding, versatile tool, we designed and realized in this study an electro-mechanical stimulator capable of dynamically culturing four biological constructs, delivering assignable stretching and electrical stimulation patterns. The device has been conceived to be easy to handle and customizable for different applications, while ensuring sterility along with stimuli delivery. The gripping equipment, modular and adaptable to scaffolds of different consistencies, is provided with dedicated tools for supporting sample insertion into the culture chamber performed under a laminar flow hood. As to performance, a wide range of electro-mechanical stimulation patterns and their relative occurrence can be accomplished, permitting the adjustment of the dynamic culture parameters both to the specific cell species and to the developmental phase of the cultured cells.

4.
Rev. chil. neurocir ; 25: 32-35, nov. 2005. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-464192

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La fusión de imágenes permite integrar el máximo de información anatómico-funcional en una sola imagen. Su aplicación es en neuronavegación y planificación de radiocirugía. Nuestro objetivo es presentar la experiencia inicial de, nuestro departamento en el uso de esta técnica. Método: Se fusionó información imagenológica anatómica-funcional en formato DICOM3.0, en una estación de trabajo SUN (ULTRAESPARC) los voxeles se transformaron a una matriz isotropica. En 4 casos se utilizó para planeación estereotáxica fusionando Tomografía Computada (TC), con Resonancia Magnética (RM). En 3 casos de cirugía de epilepsia se fusionó imágenes de zonas ictales de Tomografía Computada de Emisión de Fotones Únicos (SPECT), con RM y TC para asistir en procedimientos decirugía de epilepsia. Resultados: La fusión de imágenes de RM y TC resultó útil en cirugía estereotáxica puescombina la mejor resolución de la RM con la menor distorsión de la TC. En cirugía de epilepsia la fusión de imágenes ayudó a identificar y resecar el área de interés. Conclusión: La fusión de imágenes aparenta ser una herramienta útil para el neurocirujano. Nosotros vemos aplicación de esta tecnología para biopsias estereotáxicas de lesiones infecciosas o tumorales que no son visibles en TC pero sí en RM y también en eldespliegue de información imagenológica de aspectos anatómicos y metabólicos en cirugía de epilepsia y tumoral.


Subject(s)
Humans , Epilepsy/surgery , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Stereotaxic Techniques/methods , Tomography, Emission-Computed/methods , Epilepsy/diagnosis
5.
Forensic Sci Int ; 139(2-3): 191-4, 2004 Jan 28.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15040915

ABSTRACT

A fatality due to the ingestion of solution containing phenol and o-cresol is described. The pathological findings were typical of acute substantial poisoning. Blood, urine and stomach content were obtained during post mortem examinations. Phenol and o-cresol were identified using GC/MS. The extractions from autopsy materials were obtained as follows: by gel permeation with cyclohexane/dichloromethane from stomach content, by solid phase extraction (SPE) from urine and by deproteinization with acetonitrile from blood. The phenol and o-cresol concentrations in the samples were found, respectively, as follows: 115.0 and 5.0 microg/g in the stomach contents, 58.3 and 1.9 microg/ml in the blood, 3.3 and 20.5 microg/ml in the urine. Distributions of phenol in fatal poisonings have been reported, but, usually, colorimetry was used as the analytical method and it cannot exclude the interference of other phenolic compounds.


Subject(s)
Cresols/poisoning , Disinfectants/poisoning , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Phenol/poisoning , Adult , Chromatography, Gel , Cresols/analysis , Disinfectants/analysis , Humans , Male , Phenol/analysis , Stomach/chemistry
6.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 73(3): 276-282, mayo-jun. 2002. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-321345

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La craniectromía descompresiva continúa siendo una terapia controvertida por sus criterios de indicación y por su real eficacia en niños que cursan con edema cerebral difuso post-traumático que desarrollan hipertensión endocraneana grave y refractaria a la terapia convencional empleada en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. La morbimortalidad asociada a la hipertensión endocraneana es elevada, a pesar de los avances en su diagnóstico, neuromonitoreo y manejo médico. Objetivo: comunicar los resultados de esta técnica neuroquirúrgica, en pacientes con diagnóstico de TEC grave e hipertensión endocraneana refractaria a la terapia médica convencional, en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río. Se planteó la craniectomía descompresiva en aquellos pacientes con diagnóstico de TEC grave, Glasgow de ingreso entre 4 y 8, TAC cerebral que descartara la presencia de lesiones con efecto de masa y alzas de la PIC en cifras superiores a 40 mmHg y PPC por sobre 60 mmHg. Casos clínicos: dos pacientes de 2 meses y 8 años, con diagnóstico de TEC grave, Glasgow de ingreso 5 e HTEC refractaria, fueron sometidos a craniectomía descompresiva bifrontal. Ambos sobrevivieron, uno con secuelas graves permanentes y el otro con secuelas leves, logrando una adecuada rehabilitación social. Conclusión: el monitoreo de la presión intracraneana (PIC), en conjunto con el estudio de imágenes, como parte integral de la evaluación neurointensiva, identificará a aquellos pacientes en riesgo de edema cerebral incontrolable, en quienes la craniectomía descompresiva debiera ser considerada como una alternativa útil de tratamiento para prevenir el daño isquémico cerebral irreversible secundario a este


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Child , Female , Craniocerebral Trauma , Decompression, Surgical/methods , Intracranial Hypertension/surgery , Brain Edema , Craniocerebral Trauma
7.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 34(4): 401-3, oct.-dic. 1996. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-202527

ABSTRACT

La etiología de los meningiomas no está dilucidada. Las radiaciones son uno de los pocos factores etiológicos estudiados que pueden inducir el desarrollo de estos tumores, al provocar alteraciones en el brazo largo del cromosoma 22. Se presenta el caso de una paciente que a raíz de una osteomielitis crónica de la calota, fue irradiada en el cráneo, desarrollando 20 años más tarde múltiples meningiomas de la convexidad, que fueron resecados. Se comentan las características de los meningiomas inducidos por radiaciones, como son la multiplicidad, frecuente localización en la convexidad, tendencia a la malignización y recurrencia precoz, características que se deben tener en cuenta en el tratamiento


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Meningioma/etiology , Osteomyelitis/radiotherapy , Radiotherapy/adverse effects , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22/radiation effects , Skull/radiation effects , Meningioma/diagnosis , Meningioma/physiopathology , Meningioma/surgery
8.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 34(1): 45-8, ene.-mar. 1996. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-174813

ABSTRACT

En el último tiempo se diagnostica un número apreciable de aneurismas intracraneanos no rotos, dada la alta resolución de las imágenes (RM y TC). No está del todo claro en nuestro medio si el tratamiento quirúrgico es de beneficio para estos pacientes. Para conocer el riesgo de la cirugía, se analizó una serie de 22 aneurismas intracraneanos sin ruptura, operados en los últimos 6 años. Se analizaron 16 pacientes de 51 años promedio, 12 de hallazgo incidental, 4 aneurismas múltiples con HSA previa en uno, todos de localización supratentorial, de tamaño entre 4 y 30 mm. Se cliparon 20 y en dos se ligó la arteria carótida interna. Se concluye que los beneficios de la cirugía en aneurismas supratentoriales sin ruptura son mayores que los riesgos de una eventual ruptura espontánea


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Elective Surgical Procedures , Intracranial Aneurysm/surgery , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality
9.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 118(10): 1077-84, oct. 1990. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-96800

ABSTRACT

Blood pressure, weight and cardiovascular risk factors were evaluated in 73 adults of Easter island (mean age 49 ñ 12.9 (SD) years) in January 1989 and 1990. Their mean blood pressure (BP) was 129 ñ 24/81 ñ 14, significantly higher by 7/5 mmHg than in 1979 (p < 0.05). Of the population studied 30% of subjects were hypertensives. Both systolic 9S) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) correlated with age (r=0.40, p < 0.005 and r = 24,p < 0.05 respectively). In males body mass index correlated strongly with SBP and DBP (r = 0.55, p < 0.005 and r = 0.52,p < 0.01). Forty eight % of subjects were obese, 60% smoked (14 cigarettes/day), 38% drank alcohol and 70% lead sedentary lifes; their level of stress was considered average. In 23 normotensives or undiagnosed hypertensives 24 hour urine was collected for sodium, potassium, creatinine and kallikrein; mean urinary sodium exretion was 121 ñ 30 mmol/day; potassium excretion 59 ñ 29 mmol/day, creatinine excretion 1383 mg/day and kallikrein excretion 682 ñ 355 m/day; of these, only urinary sodium was significantly lower than values determined in a group of 29 continental volunteers. Eleven natives that had never left the island had similatr BP and risk factors than a sex and age paired sample, who has spent 10.9 ñ 7.8 years in the continent. The present study demostrates that Easter Island natives have increased their mean BP in 10 years, elevated their BP with age and have lost the protection previously associated to staying in the island. In this sample the prevalence of hypertension (30%) was high. We postulate that the 2 main factors determining the BP elevation are a sodiumintake greater than 100 mmol/day and a high prevalence of obesity, which plays a stronger hypertensogenic role in males. It is highly probable that the contamination is due to returning migrants and to the massive entry of tourists


Subject(s)
Hypertension/epidemiology , Chile , Risk Factors , Asian , Pacific Islands
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