An overview of myelodysplastic syndromes.

ABSTRACT: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) can present as a cytopenia-often as unexplained anemia. Because MDS can progress to acute myelogenous leukemia, primary care providers should be aware of the signs and symptoms, which are associated with the corresponding cytopenia that patients experience and may include fatigue, infection, easy bruising, and bleeding. Treatment options center on managing related cytopenias. The only cure, stem cell transplant, is not readily available.

Virtual Physician Assistant Program Interviews: Faculty and Applicant Perspectives.

INTRODUCTION: Many physician assistant (PA) programs converted from traditional in-person admission interviews to virtual interviews during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of both PA faculty and applicants to PA programs about the virtual interview process. General perceptions, advantages, and disadvantages were explored. METHODS: A mixed-method approach was implemented to collect data using 2 survey instruments: one for PA program applicants and another for PA program faculty. The surveys were created using a combination of previously used and new questions and distributed through email and social media. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the independent and dependent variables. Chi-square, one-way ANOVA, and Spearman's rho correlation were conducted to analyze potential relationships between variables. Qualitative data were analyzed using an iterative process and inductive reasoning to identify recurring themes and code responses into common topical categories. RESULTS: Completed surveys were received from 178 applicants and 325 faculty members. If given the choice, most applicants favored virtual interviews (62.4%), while the majority of faculty preferred in-person interviews (64.0%). The majority of applicants (84.6%) and faculty (64.9%) were comfortable making a decision about the program or applicant, respectively, after the virtual interview process. The top 3 advantages of virtual interviewing for both faculty and applicants included convenience, decreased travel time, and cost savings. DISCUSSION: Both faculty and applicants perceived the virtual interview process positively, and thus, this modality may have enough advantages to support its use in the future.

Assessing the Effect of the COVID-19 Outbreak on Didactic Education and Mental Health of Physician Assistant Students in the New York City Region.

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 has profoundly affected life throughout the world, and it greatly impacted physician assistant (PA) education programs when the virus spread across the New York region 2 years ago. PA programs at Stony Brook University, Hofstra University, and the New York Institute of Technology were located in the epicenter of the pandemic and were forced to transition to online learning during the spring of 2020. The purpose of this study was to explore didactic PA students' perceptions of virtual learning, their mental health status, and the challenges and unexpected benefits they have faced during this historic time. METHODS: A consent form that linked to an 11-question electronic Qualtrics survey was emailed to all didactic students enrolled in the 3 participating PA programs. The survey data were used to conduct a descriptive analysis and a Spearman's ρ correlation analysis using SPSS 24 software. RESULTS: The survey response rate was 39% (89/229). The students perceived it to be more challenging to maintain the same level of academic achievement with virtual learning, although they felt they were able to meet learning objectives and be prepared for clinical clerkships. They reported experiencing greater stress, anxiety, and depression related to decreased socialization and isolation. However, the students said that their PA program provided enough support to assist with student needs, and they noted unexpected benefits of remote learning, including more time to spend with family members, increased schedule flexibility, and lower commuting costs. DISCUSSION: The PA students' education and mental health were negatively affected because of the abrupt transition from in-person to virtual learning. At the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the students in the 3 participating PA programs in New York were affected by the change to remote learning and the subsequent lack of socialization. PA students experienced both challenges and benefits during this unscheduled virtual learning period. While students noted increases in mental health issues, they felt supported by faculty members and prepared to start clinical rotations.