[Radiological assessment of long-term outcomes of restorative treatment in patients with shortened dental arches]. / Rentgenologicheskaya otsenka otdalennykh rezul'tatov ortopedicheskogo lecheniya patsientov s ukorochennym zubnym ryadom.

BACKGROUND: Restoring the integrity of the dentition with orthopedic structures should be carried out strictly according to indications, taking into account the condition of the supporting teeth and/or teeth limiting the defect. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a retrospective analysis of the results of orthopedic treatment of patients with shortened dentition according to clinical and radiological methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The material for the study was data from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of 126 patients with shortened dentition (most patients with the absence of a second molar, as well as the absence of the first and second molars), who sought a consultation about missing teeth in the orthopedic and surgical department of the Federal State Budgetary Institution National Medical Research Center TsNIISiCHLKh Ministry of Health of Russia. RESULTS: At the stages of treatment for patients in the study group, insufficient attention is paid to the restoration of terminal defects of the dentition in the upper and lower jaws, especially the restoration of second molars. This may be due to improper planning of dental treatment and insufficient motivation of the patient to carry out comprehensive dental rehabilitation. According to CT studies, the number of complications of orthopedic treatment in the area of supporting teeth and/or teeth limiting the included defect or terminal defect of the dentition in the masticatory region increases depending on the period of use of the orthopedic structure. CONCLUSIONS: The use of cantilever structures leads to functional overload of the supporting teeth. Neglecting the restoration of a full dentition and prosthetics of end defects of the dentition leads to dentoalveolar advancement of antagonists of missing teeth and the appearance of complications such as functional overload of supporting teeth and resorption of alveolar bone.

[Reparative potential of bone tissue and associated influencing factors]. / Reparativnyi potentsial kostnoi tkani i vliyayushchie na nego faktory.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the sthudy. To study the influence of general and local factors on the regenerative potential of bone tissue to optimize augmentation mechanisms in the treatment of jaw atrophy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The influence of general and local factors on the regenerative potential of the bone during the augmentation operation of the alveolar process (part) of the jaw in 68 patients was studied. The survival rate of dental implants and the incidence of complications after completion of dental rehabilitation in the long-term follow-up period (more than 5 years) were evaluated. 18 indicators were studied, which were evaluated by qualitative and quantitative methods. The study of the effect of indicators on regeneration was carried out using an accurate Fischer test for conjugacy tables. The assessment of the strength of the influence was calculated as the ratio of the chances of developing an unfavorable outcome of bone grafting and dental implantation. RESULTS: He highest chances of developing adverse outcomes were found in smoking patients with diabetes mellitus, high body mass index, low survival of bone walls, severe bone atrophy (5.6 and higher class according to Cawood & Howell), three-dimensional bone defect, in the absence of 3 or more bone walls, the presence of subcompensated and decompensated psychological state the patient. In the course of histological examination, the influence of these factors on the mechanisms of reparative osteogenesis morphologically manifested a lower degree of progress of regenerative processes and a lower degree of maturity of bone tissue. CONCLUSION: To reduce the chances of developing an unfavorable outcome, in the presence of negative general and local factors, it is not advisable to use dental implantation simultaneously with bone augmentation procedures. In order to reduce the pathophysiological impact of negative factors during sinus lifting, increase the proportion of autosteal material for potentiating the metabolic activity of bone tissue, as well as prescribe antioxidant, antihypoxant and membrane stabilizing therapy before surgery and in the early postoperative period.

[Features of medical care provision in the profile «Maxillofacial surgery¼ in the Southern Federal District of the Russian Federation]. / Osobennosti okazaniya meditsinskoi pomoshchi po profilyu «chelyustno-litsevaya khirurgiya¼ v Yuzhnom federal'nom okruge Rossiiskoi Federatsii.

OBJECTIVE: To study the actual state of the organization of medical care for patients with the profile of «maxillofacial surgery¼ in the Southern Federal District of the Russian Federation in order to develop proposals for its optimization within the framework of a three-level system of medical care. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed accounting and reporting materials characterizing the organization of medical care in the field of «Oral and maxillofacial surgery¼ to the population in the Southern Federal District of the Russian Federation. RESULTS: The population of the Southern Federal District of the Russian Federation is currently provided with accessible round-the-clock medical care in the field of maxillofacial surgery. The forces and means at the disposal of the district government allow this to be implemented. However, the article describes a number of obstacles to the provision of high-quality medical care in the field of maxillofacial surgery and suggests ways to eliminate them. CONCLUSION: Preparation of an Order defining the functioning of a three-level system of medical care for adults and children with maxillofacial pathology in the Southern Federal District of the Russian Federation, as well as more effective use of telemedicine consultations will significantly improve the availability and quality of medical care.

[Duration of splint therapy in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders]. / Prodolzhitel'nost' splint-terapii u patsientov s sindromom bolevoi disfunktsii visochno-nizhnechelyustnogo sustava.

AIM: Studying the duration of treatment in patients with temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome, and the relationship of the duration of treatment with the age of the patient at the beginning of therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out using information from medical records of dental patients, information from additional examinations of patients who were treated at the National Medical Research Centre for Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Ministry of Health of Russia from 2016 to 2022. Statistical research methods: to evaluate the normality of the distribution, graphical methods were used, as well as the Shapiro-Wilk criterion. RESULTS: The duration of splint therapy in patients with temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome varied from 4 to 27 months. The average duration of treatment of patients using occlusive splints was 10.5±5.3 months. Without abnormal observations, the average duration of splint therapy in patients with TMJ pain syndrome was 9.6±4.1 months. The obtained data allow stating the absence of a correlation between the age of patients and the duration of splint-therapy. CONCLUSION: The majority of patients (68.4%) complete the splint therapy stage within 1 year, and a very small part (1.8%) are treated for more than 1.5 years. The duration of treatment of patients with temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome does not depend on age or gender.

[Ultrasound anatomy of masticatory muscles. (Experimental and clinical study)]. / Ul'trazvukovaya anatomiya zhevatel'nykh myshts. (Eksperimental'no-klinicheskoe issledovanie).

PURPOSE: To describe the ultrasound anatomy of the masticatory muscles based on a comparison of the results of macroscopic and ultrasound studies of the masticatory muscles in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the experimental part, a macropreparation of the masticatory muscle was studied; in a clinical example, an ultrasound of the masticatory muscles was performed on a patient with normal occlusion using the author's methods for analyzing echograms. RESULTS: The ultrasound anatomy of the masticatory muscles is described based on a comparison of data from the study of a macroscopic specimen and ultrasound images of the masticatory muscle of an experimental animal. Using a clinical example of a patient with normal occlusion, the results demonstrate the usage of the authors' developments in describing ultrasound images of the masticatory muscles. CONCLUSION: The study resulted in an algorithm for describing ultrasound images of masticatory muscles, including methods for qualitative and quantitative assessment of ultrasound images using proprietary developments involving elements of artificial intelligence technologies.

[Models of bone defects in rabbits used to evaluate the bone graft materials efficacy]. / Modeli kostnykh defektov u krolikov, ispol'zuemye dlya otsenki effektivnosti kostno-plasticheskikh materialov.

The review deals with the main types of experimental models of bone defects of the skull in rabbits. The information about the types of critical defects, methods of their modeling and the possibilities of application of the described models in the studies of bone graft materials in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery is systematized.

[Research of legal regulation of the voluntary medical insurance program the Russian Federation]. / Issledovanie pravovogo regulirovaniya dobrovol'nogo meditsinskogo strakhovaniya v Rossiiskoi Federatsii.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was an analysis of changes in the legal institution of voluntary medical insurance program (and their possible consequences) in order to make proposals for the settlement of disputed issues. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using the content analysis method 19 sources of regulatory legal documentation on the legal phenomena of voluntary medical insurance were studied, of which 6 are federal laws and the Code, 3 are Government resolutions of the Russian Federation, 7 are regulatory legal acts of federal executive authorities, 3 are other regulatory documents. In order to search for the primary material, computer databases of the legal reference systems ConsultantPlus, Guarantor and Pravo.RU were used. The depth of the study was 32 years. RESULTS: The considered legislative norms designed to establish legal, organizational, and economic principles in the field of voluntary health insurance, contain only general provisions without taking into account its specifics. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to consolidate the accumulated experience and start regulating the sphere of voluntary medical insurance by the Government.

[The use of photodynamic therapy in the complex treatment of chronic generalized moderate periodontitis]. / Primenenie fotodinamicheskoi terapii v kompleksnom lechenii khronicheskogo generalizovannogo parodontita srednei stepeni.

OBJECTIVE: Improving the effectiveness of the treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis by photodynamic therapy (PDT) due to clinical and functional validation of the effects of a photosensitizer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A clinical and functional study and treatment of moderate chronic generalized periodontitis was carried out in 60 people (24 males and 36 females) aged 35 to 50 years without somatic pathology with orthognathic bite. The patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the type of treatment: group 1 (main) included 30 patients (17 males and 13 females, mean age of patients was 42.5±3.3 years) who received comprehensive treatment consisting of oral sanitation, removal of dental plaque and curettage of periodontal pockets followed by PDT with 1% Geleophor gel using an AFS Spektr LED emitter with a wavelength of 660 nm and a power of 2.5 W, the course consisted of 4 procedures with exposure time of 7 minutes each; group 2 (control) included 30 patients (11 males and 19 females, mean age of patients was 43.0±2.1 years) undergoing standard treatment followed by protective capping with no active therapeutic agent. The state of microcirculation in tissues was studied by the laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) using the LAKK-M device (Lazma, Russia). RESULTS: According to LDF data in both groups, it was found that the improvement of microcirculation in periodontal tissues after complex treatment is accompanied by an increase in blood flow and its activity, at that the level of oxygenation and specific oxygen consumption increased more pronounced after PDT, the effect persisted after 6 and 12 months. CONCLUSION: The use of PDT with LED emitter has a normalizing effect on the state of microcirculation and oxygenation in periodontal tissues.

[3D analysis of anatomical and functional parameters of TMJ and their correlation]. / Tsifrovoi 3D analiz anatomicheskikh i funktsional'nykh parametrov VNChS i ikh korrelyatsiya.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was determination of TMJ anatomical and functional parameters in patients without clinical manifestations of TMJ dysfunction and analysis of possible relationships between them. MATERIAL AND METHODS: TMJ anatomical parameters of 25 volunteers (22-27 years old) without TMJ dysfunction, malocclusion and more than one tooth adentia were determined on CT scans and lab teeth scans: inclination of the distal slopes of the articular eminence (DS AE), height and width of the condyles, height of AE, inclination of the longitudinal axes of the condyles; as well as functional parameters of LJ movements: horizontal condylar inclination (HCI) during protrusion and laterotrusion, lateral condylar inclination during protrusion and laterotrusion, immediate side shift, incisor and canine guidance, and correlations between them were evaluated. RESULTS: The majority of the TMJ anatomical parameters are almost equal by mean values on the right and left sides. The main TMJ functional parameters on the right and left sides also have similar values but much higher variability, asymmetry and unpredictability. The existing anatomical asymmetry of the DS AE is compensated by articular discs, which makes HCI more symmetrical. CONCLUSION: Protrusion movements have a higher probability of reproduction by mechanical articulators while laterotrusion movements have a very low probability. The existence of relationship between the inclination of DS AE and HCI, between HCI and the incisor guidance, between the inclination of DS AE and the incisor guidance is questionable. The conducted research proves the weakness or complete absence of correlation between them.

[Quantitative objective and subjective assessment of the quality of treatment of patients with distal occlusion]. / Kolichestvennaya ob"ektivnaya i sub"ektivnaya otsenka kachestva lecheniya patsientov s distal'noi okklyuziei zubnykh ryadov.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to evaluation of the quality of orthodontic treatment by comparing the severity of signs of distal occlusion before the start of orthodontic treatment and after its completion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Quantitative assessment of the severity of distal occlusion in 83 patients aged 17 to 30 years before and after orthodontic treatment. Depending on the chosen treatment algorithms, the patients were divided into 3 groups. The first group - 34 people - treatment included the use of a functional non-removable orthodontic device (FNT). The second group - 21 people - the treatment was accompanied by the removal of individual teeth of the upper jaw and the retraction of a group of front teeth of the upper jaw. Patients of the 3rd group - 28 people - underwent combined orthodonto-surgical treatment. The severity of distal occlusion was assessed using 3D cephalometric analysis data. To obtain a subjective assessment of the quality of orthodontic treatment, patients were asked to fill out questionnaires before and after orthodontic treatment. RESULTS: The severity of distal occlusion decreased as much as possible as a result of treatment of the first group in 23.07% of patients and the third group (16.63%), which is interpreted by the formulation «significant improvement¼ of the dental anomaly. Patients of the first and third groups had a high degree of satisfaction with the result of treatment, according to the quantitative assessment of the questionnaire. The severity of distal occlusion in the second group was reduced to a lesser extent (55.5%), compared with the first and third groups, which is interpreted as «moderately improved¼. Patients noted an average degree of satisfaction with the result of treatment, as the implemented treatment plan did not meet their expectations in the aesthetic aspect. CONCLUSION: The use of FNT for the extension and normalization of the position of the lower jaw is justified in the case of refusal of patients from combined orthodonto-surgical treatment, as it allows to fully solve the functional, aesthetic and psychological problems of patients, which contributes to improving their quality of life.

[Computed X-ray microtomography of the junction of dental implants with standard and custom abutments]. / Komp'yuternaya rentgenmikrotomografiya uzla soedineniya dental'nykh implantatov so standartnymi i individual'nymi abatmentami.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Comparative study of the precision of the junction of modern implant systems with standard and custom abutments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out by the method of computed X-ray microtomography on an X-ray microtomograph Heliscan micro CT using the ImageJ program in the laboratory «Systems for Microscopy and Analysis¼ of the Skolkovo Technopark. The measurement of the gap width between the implant and the abutment for each sample was carried out at 20 points according to the algorithm: the total length of the connection between the implant and the abutment; step (distance) between 5 equidistant points along the contact between the abutment and the implant; the measurements were repeated in 2 perpendicular sections along the joint node axis. The study was conducted on the example of seven implant systems common in Russia. The effect on the implant-abutment assembly of a multiple functional load of 250 N at an angle of 45° (7.6 million cycles) was studied. RESULTS: It has been established that the precision of the junction of modern implants with standard abutments is different and is characterized by the length of the contact from 268 to 1300 µm, the gap at the level of the platform from 5.0 to 11.7 µm, and the asymmetry of the contact in diameter by 2.4-14.2 µm. Abutments individually made in modern CAD/CAM laboratories do not have significant dimensional differences with standard abutments, but they have technological defects. The functional load expands and deforms the gap between the implant and abutment junction in the upper half of their contact. CONCLUSION: The results obtained demonstrate the capabilities of the computer X-ray microtomography method, which can be used to control the quality of manufacturing collapsible dental implants, the accuracy of manufacturing individual abutments in CAD/CAM laboratories, as well as in the development of new dental implant systems. The dimensional parameters of the junction node determine the advantages of the deep cone connection of the implant and the abutment.

[Algorithms for orthodontic treatment of patients with maxillary constriction based on the stages of formation of the palatal suture]. / Algoritmy ortodonticheskogo lecheniya patsientov s suzheniem verkhnei chelyusti na osnovanii stadii formirovaniya sredinnogo nebnogo shva.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Improving the effectiveness of complex orthodontic treatment of patients with constriction and deformation of the upper jaw during the period of replacement and permanent bite based on the analysis of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of complex treatment of 70 patients with constriction and deformation of the upper jaw during the period of temporary and permanent bite are presented. The patients were divided into groups according to the stage of formation of the midpalatal suture: 1st group - 40 patients with stage «A¼ and «B¼ (average age 11.5 years); 2nd group - 15 patients with stage «C¼ (average age 20.5 years); 3rd group - 15 patients with stage «D¼ and «E¼ (average age 24.5 years). Orthodontic treatment was carried out using palatine expanders with a dental and intraosseous type of fixation. The complex treatment consisted of: orthodontic treatment using a bracket system, transgingival laser corticotomy, piezocorticotomy, surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion, orthodontic appliances for the expansion of the upper jaw. After conducting a clinical X-ray examination of all patients and analyzing the data obtained, we developed algorithms for therapeutic measures. RESULTS: As a result of the diagnosis and treatment planning, the expansion of the upper jaw was achieved both at the dental alveolar and skeletal levels. Detailed algorithms of complex treatment were developed based on the analysis of CBCT data, the stage of formation of the midpalatal suture individually for each patient. CONCLUSION: It was found that the analysis of CBCT data makes it possible to choose the optimal treatment method for patients with skeletal deformities of the dentition complex, thereby increasing the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment.

[Use of dental implants in orthopedic rehabilitation of patients in aesthetically important area]. / Ispol'zovanie dental'nykh implantatov pri ortopedicheskoi reabilitatsii patsientov v esteticheski znachimoi zone.

The article presents a review of scientific data of Russian and non-Russian works dedicated to the problem of instant dental implantation in the aesthetically important areas, i.e. the upper jaw. The paper considers such anatomical factors of unsatisfactory aesthetic treatment results as presence and thickness of vestibular alveola wall, pathophysiological processes occurring while extracting teeth in this area, presence of odontogenic inflammatory sites and traumatic injuries under root canal and orthopaedic treatment, impact of gum's biotype on the condition of soft tissue in the area of the future orthopaedic prothesis. Data used in the article suggests the necessity of thorough diagnostic with the help of up-to-date technologies such as Cone beam computer tomography (CBCT).

[Analysis of the dental care for the contagious patients in the in-patient units]. / Analiz sostoyaniya stomatologicheskoi pomoshchi infektsionnym bol'nym v usloviyakh statsionara.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to assess the status of dental care for contagious patients in hospitals using the example of the Volga Federal District. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The resource allocation of dental care for contagious patients in 313 hospitals of 14 subjects of the Volga Federal District was investigated. RESULTS: It was found that in 86.1% of multidisciplinary hospitals of the Volga Federal District, where infectious beds and dental offices are present, dental care for patients with infectious diseases accompanied by lesions of the oral mucosa is not provided. The bed capacity of 92.9% of infectious hospitals in the Volga Federal District is less than 400 beds, which does not allow to deploy dental offices on their basis. CONCLUSION: An important condition for improving the quality of medical care to patients of infectious hospitals and infectious diseases departments of multidisciplinary hospitals is the availability of dental offices and dental doctors, which will ensure timely diagnosis, treatment and prevention of lesions of the oral mucosa in diseases of infectious genesis.

[Comparative assessment of the processes of adaptation of supporting tissues in prosthetics with the use of implants]. / Sravnitel'naya otsenka protsessov adaptatsii opornykh tkanei pri protezirovanii s primeneniem implantatov.

OBJECTIVE: The study of the adaptation processes of supporting tissues during removable prosthetics with the use of implants according to the data of microhemodynamics and oxygenation in the supporting tissues. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A clinical and functional study of the state of supporting tissues was carried out in 60 people aged 50 to 65 years with a diagnosis of complete loss of teeth in the lower jaw during orthopedic treatment based on dental implants, which were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (29 people) - with the use of removable structures with locking with a lock attachment (type locator). Group 2 (31 people) - in which orthopedic treatment was carried out with the production of removable prostheses with fixation on telescopic crowns. Implantation was performed using intraosseous implants from Astra-Tech (Sweden). Orthopedic treatment was carried out according to the generally accepted method. To study the state of microcirculation in the mucous membrane of the alveolar ridge, the method of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) was used using a LAKK-M device (NPP Lazma, Russia). The state of microcirculation was assessed by the index of microcirculation (M), which characterizes the level of tissue blood flow; parameter «σ¼, which determines the fluctuations in the flow of erythrocytes. According to the Wavelet analysis of LDF-grams, the shunting index (PS) of blood flow was determined. Using the multifunctional diagnostic laser complex «LAKK-M¼ in the «LDF + spectrometry¼ mode, we studied oxygenation in periodontal tissues by optical tissue oximetry (OTO), the results of which were used to determine the oxygenation index in the mucous membrane of the alveolar ridge (SpO2) and the specific consumption index oxygen (U,%). RESULTS: According to LDF data, it was established that the level of microcirculation in the mucous membrane of the alveolar ridge in response to the functional load after fixation of the removable prosthesis with fixation on locators (group 1) and on telescopic crowns (group 2), it is accompanied by an increase in the level of M and σ by 37% and 66%, and by 2.2-2.4, respectively, which indicated the development of hyperemia in the microcirculatory bed, which is associated with functional load and persists up to 3 and 6 months, respectively. Restoration of microcirculation occurs after 6 and 12 months, respectively, after prosthetics, depending on the supporting elements. After fixation of the removable prosthesis, SpO2 and U decreased, which characterized the development of hypoxia in the tissues due to functional load, which stopped after 3 and 6 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that in orthopedic treatment based on implants, adaptation processes according to microhemodynamics and oxygen metabolism in supporting tissues occur 3-6 months after prosthetics, depending on the design of the supporting elements.

[On the issue of normative legal regulation of the work of a doctor in a dental office of a multidisciplinary hospital]. / K voprosu normativnogo pravovogo regulirovaniya truda vracha stomatologicheskogo kabineta mnogoprofil'noi bol'nitsy.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study is to investigate the existing normative legal documents governing the activities of doctors specializing in «dentistry¼, providing medical care in a multidisciplinary hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The normative legal coverage of medical workers' activities on delivering dental care for adult population with infectious diseases in stationary conditions for a thirty-year period was analyzed. The research and information method and content analysis were used. RESULTS: The existing regulatory legal framework governing the activities of medical workers does not contain time standards for one patient who is on inpatient treatment to visit doctors specializing in «dentistry¼ in a multidisciplinary hospital, which does not correspond with modern requirements and does not allow determining the workload norms and standard numbers of these specialists. CONCLUSION: Despite the presented modern possibilities of introducing the latest technologies and intensifying the activities of doctors specializing in «dentistry¼ on an outpatient basis, the organization of medical care and the delivering of dental services in a hospital including to infectious patients require further improvement.

[Analysis of dental care provided to the adult population with infectious diseases in in-patient departments]. / Analiz vidov i ob"emov stomatologicheskoi pomoshchi, okazyvaemoi vzroslomu naseleniyu s infektsionnymi boleznyami v usloviyakh statsionara.

The purpose of the study was to analyze the types and volumes of treatment and prophylactic services provided to the adult population with infectious diseases in the dental office of a multidisciplinary hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The types and volumes of dental care provided to the adult population with infectious diseases in a multidisciplinary hospital have been analyzed. RESULTS: The study showed that dentists use 49 types of services when treating adults with infectious diseases, which corresponds to 29.88% of the compulsory medical insurance classifier in Moscow. Provided services can be conditionally divided into 4 groups: consultation, diagnostic, preventive and medicinal manipulations. The share of consulting services corresponds to 18.16±0.41% of the total volume of services provided; on average patients made 320.8 visits to the dentist's doctors per year, which corresponds to 2.38 visits for each patient. The proportion of medicinal manipulations, diagnostic and preventive services corresponds to 68.64±0.49%, 7.02±0.27% and 6.17±0.26%, respectively. Services related to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the oral mucosa and salivary glands dominate with 69.3%, on average 5.51 services are provided per visit. CONCLUSION: The compulsory medical insurance program for the city of Moscow should provide services for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of dental diseases, provided by doctors specializing in «dentistry¼, for patients with infectious diseases who are undergoing treatment in inpatient conditions.

[Oral health as a factor of primary prevention of postinfectious complications]. / Zdorov'e organov rta kak faktor pervichnoi profilaktiki postinfektsionnykh oslozhnenii.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need and importance of early diagnosis and treatment of oral lesions in infectious diseases (ID) by dentists. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the provision of dental care in multi-specialty hospitals to 780 patients with infectious pathology: herpetic infections (HI) - 320 people (41.03%); ARVI - 160 people (20.51%); acute enteric infections (AEI) - 300 people (38.46%). The diagnosis of the disease was established by infectious diseases doctors. The etiology of ID was confirmed using PCR and IFA. RESULTS: The prevalence of caries is 98.5%, the CPEs index is 10.26±0.04. In 84.1% of patient's oral hygiene was unsatisfactory. In the acute period of ID in HI, ARVI and AEI oral mucosa (OM) lesions were detected in 75.89% of cases: stomatitis (81.75%), gingivitis (69.76%), glossitis (35.98%), cheilitis (23.31%). Incidence of OM lesions in ID: catarrhal stomatitis - HI - 52.8%, ARVI - 64.1%, AEI - 67.9%; catarrhal gingivitis: in patients with HI, it is 1.7 times less frequent than in patients with AEI (p<0.001), and in ARVI - 1.6 times more often than in patients with HI (p<0.001). Cheilitis: HI - 25.9%, ARVI - 18.3%, AEI - 23.7%; catarrhal glossitis: AEI - 65.1%, ARVI - 23.2%, HI - 17.0%; candidiasis of the oral mucosal and tongue: HI - 11.1%, ARVI - 27.5%, AEI - 26.9%. A direct relationship between the lesions of OM and the severity of the course of HI, ARVI and AEI was established. CONCLUSION: Thus, dental pathology in infectious patients is pathogenetically determined by combined and interrelated disorders of the functional state of each organ of the oral cavity, the dental system and the body as a whole. Due to the relatively short duration of inpatient treatment for acute ID, priority should be given to the prevention of postinfectious complications of oral mucosal diseases.

[Orthopedic treatment of maxillary defects with the use of the residual resection prosthesis with pneumatic obturator]. / Ortopedicheskoe lechenie defektov verkhnei chelyusti s primeneniem rezektsionnogo zameshchayushchego proteza s pnevmaticheskim obturatorom.

BACKGROUND: Due to the growth of oncological diseases of the maxillofacial region, there is an increasing need to improve methods of orthopedic treatment of post-resection defects of the upper jaw with modern designs of replacement prostheses. OBJECTIVE: Improving the quality of orthopedic treatment by creating an improved upper jaw resection prosthesis and justifying its use. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied the effectiveness of orthopedic treatment of post-resection defects of the upper jaw using the proposed replacement prosthesis with a pneumatic obturator. A special questionnaire was used to analyze the level of adaptation and maladaptation of patients. RESULTS: There was a significant decrease in complaints and adaptation time in the group of patients with a replacement prosthesis with a pneumatic obturator. CONCLUSION: The use of the proposed resection removable prosthesis helps to reduce the period of adaptation to the prosthesis, which indicates that it can be widely used in clinical practice.

[Analysis of the impact of toothpaste with detonation nanodiamonds of different concentrations on the enamel of human teeth]. / Analiz vozdeistviya zubnoi pasty s detonatsionnymi nanoalmazami razlichnoi kontsentratsii na emal' zubov cheloveka.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was to evaluate the abrasive effect of toothpaste with detonation nanodiamonds synthesis of various concentrations on the enamel of human teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis of micrographs obtained by scanning electron microscopy showed a different abrasive and polishing effect of nanodiamonds in all the observed anatomical zones on the vestibular surface of the enamel of human teeth. RESULTS: No negative effect of the paste containing nanodiamonds on the enamel of human teeth was noted. At all concentrations of pastes containing nanodiamonds, on the vestibular surface of the enamel of the studied teeth, depot areas of densely attached particles of nanodiamonds were formed, a tendency was observed towards the formation of depots. The enamel of human teeth was mostly influenced by the concentration of nanodiamonds (2%, 2.5%). On the surface of the enamel were formed not only a depot of single nanodiamonds, but also accumulations were noted, merging into a layer in the form of a protective film. CONCLUSION: The study showed that toothpastes with nanoalases can reduce the enamel porosity, form a protective film on its surface, and thereby increase its microhardness and increase caries resistance.