Co-digestion of Whey with Glycerin in an AnSBBR for Biomethane Production.

This study aimed to evaluate the co-digestion of cheese whey and glycerin in an anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactor (AnSBBR) with recirculation of the liquid phase applied to biomethane production. The applied volumetric organic load (AVOL) in all conditions was 7.5 kgCOD m(-3) day(-1). The feeding time was equal to half of the cycle time. The best condition for co-digestion was the wastewater with 75 % of cheese whey and 25 % of glycerin (chemical oxygen demand (COD) basis); it achieved a productivity of 101.8 molCH4 m(-3) day(-1) and a yield of 13.3 molCH4 kgCOD(-1) with 89 % of COD removal. This represents an increase of productivity of almost 9 and 30 % when compared to the anaerobic digestion of cheese whey and glycerin alone, respectively. The co-digestion proposed is a promising solution for both pollutants with the advantage of high energy production. A first-order kinetic model was fitted efficiently to the process.

The effect of organic load and feed strategy on biohydrogen production in an AnSBBR treating glycerin-based wastewater.

An anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactor (AnSBBR) with recirculation of the liquid phase (at 30 °C with 3.5 L of working volume and treating 1.5 L per cycle) treating pure glycerin-based wastewater was applied to biohydrogen production. The applied volumetric organic load (AVOL) ranged from 7.7 to 17.1 kgCOD m(-3) d(-1), combining different influent concentrations (3000, 4000 and 5000 mgCOD L(-1)) and cycle lengths (4 and 3 h). The feed strategy used was to maintain the feeding time equal to half of the cycle time. The increase in the influent concentration and the decrease in cycle length improved the molar yield and molar productivity of hydrogen. The highest productivity (100.8 molH2 m(-3) d(-1)) and highest yield of hydrogen per load removed (20.0 molH2 kgCOD(-1)) were reached when the reactor operated with an AVOL of 17.1 kgCOD m(-3) d(-1), with 68% of H2 and only 3% of CH4 in its biogas. It was also found that pretreatment of the sludge/inoculum does not influence the productivity/yield of the process and the use of crude industrial glycerin-based wastewater in relation to the pure glycerol-based wastewater substantially decreased the production and composition of the hydrogen produced.

Biohydrogen production in an AnSBBR treating glycerin-based wastewater: effects of organic loading, influent concentration, and cycle time.

This study evaluated the influence of the applied volumetric organic load on biohydrogen production in an anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactor (AnSBBR) with 3.5 L of liquid medium and treating 1.5 L of glycerin-based wastewater per cycle at 30 °C. Six applied volumetric organic loads (AVOLCT) were generated from the combination of cycle periods (3 and 4 h) and influent concentrations (3000, 4000, and 5000 mg chemical oxygen demand (COD) L(-1)), with values ranging from 7565 to 16,216 mg COD L(-1) day(-1). No clear relationship was found between the applied volumetric organic load and the hydrogen production. However, the highest hydrogen molar production (MPr 67.5 mol H2 m(-3) day(-1)) was reached when the reactor was operated with a cycle period of 4 h and an influent concentration of 5000 mg COD L(-1) (AVOLCT 12,911 mg COD L(-1) day(-1)). This condition also reached the highest molar yield per applied load based on the organic matter (MYALC,m 21.1 mol H2 kg COD(-1)). In addition, the pretreatment of the sludge/inoculum was found to not influence the productivity/yield of the process, and the use of crude glycerol as a sole source of carbon exhibited a clear disadvantage for hydrogen production compared to pure glycerol. The AnSBBR used for the hydrogen production experiments operated with pure glycerol as a sole carbon source exhibited important practical potential.

Poliartritis seropositiva como presentación de linfadenopatía angioinmunoblástica / Seropositive polyarthritis as a presentation of immunoblastic lymphadenopathy

Se presenta un paciente de sexo masculino de 59 años de edad con poliadenopatía febril, que habia desarrollado dos meses antes una poliartritis de tipo AR-símil, con una discreta mejória a pesar del uso de drogas analgésicas y antiinflamtorias no esteroideas. El estudio anatomopatológico de ganglio linfático mostró los criterios histológicos mayores para el diagnóstico de linfadenopatía angioinmunoblástica (LAA), según Jaffe: arquitectura normal del nódulo linfático distorsionada por infiltrados linfoplasmocíticos, acompañados por arborizaciones finas de los vasos sanguíneos y, a menudo, por depósitos intersticiales de material eosinofílico amorfo. El paciente fallece con infiltrados pulmonares. Los inofrmes sobre coexistencia de esta entidad con LES, síndrome de Sjögren, AR, ARJ, púrpura de Schonlein-Henoch, etc., son escasos. Si bien una poliartritis indefinida ha sido señalada, el inicio de la LAAI como una poliartritis seropositiva no se ha descripto en las principales revisiones, existiendo la posibilidad de que se trate de una manifestación de la misma o la asociación de una LAAI y una artritis reumatóide

Poliartritis seropositiva como presentación de linfadenopatía angioinmunoblástica / Seropositive polyarthritis as a presentation of immunoblastic lymphadenopathy

Se presenta un paciente de sexo masculino de 59 años de edad con poliadenopatía febril, que habia desarrollado dos meses antes una poliartritis de tipo AR-símil, con una discreta mejória a pesar del uso de drogas analgésicas y antiinflamtorias no esteroideas. El estudio anatomopatológico de ganglio linfático mostró los criterios histológicos mayores para el diagnóstico de linfadenopatía angioinmunoblástica (LAA), según Jaffe: arquitectura normal del nódulo linfático distorsionada por infiltrados linfoplasmocíticos, acompañados por arborizaciones finas de los vasos sanguíneos y, a menudo, por depósitos intersticiales de material eosinofílico amorfo. El paciente fallece con infiltrados pulmonares. Los inofrmes sobre coexistencia de esta entidad con LES, síndrome de Sj÷gren, AR, ARJ, púrpura de Schonlein-Henoch, etc., son escasos. Si bien una poliartritis indefinida ha sido señalada, el inicio de la LAAI como una poliartritis seropositiva no se ha descripto en las principales revisiones, existiendo la posibilidad de que se trate de una manifestación de la misma o la asociación de una LAAI y una artritis reumatóide (AU)

[Seropositive polyarthritis as a presentation form of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy]. / Poliartritis seropositiva como presentación de linfadenopatía angioinmunoblástica.

We present a 59-year-old male who was admitted due to fever and generalized lymphadenopathy. The patient had polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, Coombs-positive anemia, positive rheumatoid factor (latex 1:1280-SCAT 1:128), hypocomplementemia, negative LE cells and FAN negative. He had a 2 months history of a rheumatoid arthritis-like polyarthritis with poor response to non-steroid antiinflammatory drugs. On physical examination a mild symmetrical polyarthritis of small and large joints was seen. A lymph node biopsy showed architectural effacement, absence of germinal centers, arborization of postcapillary venules and a polymorphonuclear infiltrate that included immunoblasts. Thus, this patient fulfills the morphologic criteria of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AILD) (Fig. 1 and 2). Our purpose was to describe the association of seropositive polyarthritis with AILD as a presentation sign. Whether this represents a case of a rheumatoid arthritis with AILD or the polyarthritis which has been described as part of the clinical picture or AILD is difficult to say due to the short time evolution of the disease.

Poliartritis seropositiva como presentación de linfadenopatía angioinmunoblástica. / [Seropositive polyarthritis as a presentation form of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy]

We present a 59-year-old male who was admitted due to fever and generalized lymphadenopathy. The patient had polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, Coombs-positive anemia, positive rheumatoid factor (latex 1:1280-SCAT 1:128), hypocomplementemia, negative LE cells and FAN negative. He had a 2 months history of a rheumatoid arthritis-like polyarthritis with poor response to non-steroid antiinflammatory drugs. On physical examination a mild symmetrical polyarthritis of small and large joints was seen. A lymph node biopsy showed architectural effacement, absence of germinal centers, arborization of postcapillary venules and a polymorphonuclear infiltrate that included immunoblasts. Thus, this patient fulfills the morphologic criteria of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AILD) (Fig. 1 and 2). Our purpose was to describe the association of seropositive polyarthritis with AILD as a presentation sign. Whether this represents a case of a rheumatoid arthritis with AILD or the polyarthritis which has been described as part of the clinical picture or AILD is difficult to say due to the short time evolution of the disease.

Treatment of aggressive cytomegalovirus retinitis with ganciclovir in combination with foscarnet in a child infected with human immunodeficiency virus.

Ganciclovir and foscarnet are both effective for cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, but the benefits of either agent given alone are limited. A child infected with human immunodeficiency virus who had cytomegalovirus retinitis that progressed despite treatment with either agent alone received the combination of ganciclovir and foscarnet. This treatment resulted in a sustained clinical response.

Applications of soft tissue expansion in children.

The ability to increase available local tissue by controlled soft tissue expansion has led to a rapid increase in the use of this technique in clinical practice. Our experience in the treatment of children with a wide variety of lesions, in all body areas, demonstrates the advantages and benefits of this relatively new procedure for the pediatric age group. While complications such as infection, implant exposure, deflation, hematoma, and seroma may occur and alter the timing of reconstruction, they rarely compromise the final result. Tissue expansion offers many advantages in soft tissue reconstruction in children when tissue of color, texture, and characteristics similar to that of the defect may be limited.