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Rev. Esp. Cir. Ortop. Traumatol. (Ed. Impr.) ; 60(1): 44-52, ene.-feb. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-148101

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Analizar en la práctica clínica diaria española la efectividad y seguridad de rivaroxaban vs. el tratamiento estándar (TE) en la prevención del tromboembolismo venoso tras artroplastia de cadera o rodilla. Material y método. Subanálisis de datos españoles del estudio observacional internacional XAMOS, que incluyó a pacientes > 18 años que recibieron 10 mg o.d. rivaroxaban o TE. Seguimiento: hasta 3 meses tras la cirugía. Variables primarias: incidencia de eventos tromboembólicos sintomáticos/asintomáticos, sangrados, mortalidad, otros acontecimientos adversos; variables secundarias: consumo de recursos sanitarios/satisfacción tras el alta. Resultados. Se incluyeron 801 pacientes: 410 recibieron rivaroxaban y 391 TE (un 64,7% heparina, un 24% fondaparinux y un 11% dabigatran). La incidencia de eventos tromboembólicos sintomáticos y de sangrado mayor fue similar en ambos grupos (0,2 vs. 0,8% con TE y 0,7 vs. 1,3% con TE [criterios EMA]/0 vs. 0,3% con TE [criterios RECORD]). La incidencia de acontecimientos adversos relacionados con el fármaco fue significativamente superior con rivaroxaban (globales: 4,4 vs. 0,8% con TE [p = 0,001]; graves: 1,5 vs. 0% con TE [p = 0,03]). El grupo rivaroxaban consumió menos recursos sanitarios tras el alta y consideró la tolerabilidad «muy buena» y el tratamiento «muy cómodo» en una proporción mayor. Discusión. Rivaroxaban es al menos tan efectivo como el TE en la prevención del tromboembolismo venoso en la práctica clínica diaria, con una incidencia similar de hemorragias. Aporta mayor satisfacción/comodidad, y menor gasto de recursos sanitarios tras el alta. Estos resultados han de ser interpretados considerando a las limitaciones inherentes a los estudios observacionales (AU)


Objective. To analyse the effectiveness and safety of rivaroxaban vs. standard treatment (ST) in the prevention of venous thromboembolism after hip or knee replacement in daily clinical practice in Spain. Material and method. A sub-analysis of the Spanish data in the XAMOS international observational study that included patients > 18 years who received 10 mg o.d. rivaroxaban or ST. Follow-up: up to 3 months after surgery. Primary outcomes: incidence of symptomatic/asymptomatic thromboembolic events, bleeding, mortality, and other adverse events; Secondary outcomes: use of health resources and satisfaction after hospital discharge. Results. Of the total 801 patients included, 410 received rivaroxaban and 391 ST (64.7% heparin, 24.0% fondaparinux, 11% dabigatran). The incidence of symptomatic thromboembolic events and major bleeding was similar in both groups (0.2% vs. 0.8% wit ST and 0.7% vs. 1.3% with ST [EMA criteria]/0.0% vs. 0.3% with ST [RECORD criteria]). The adverse events incidence associated with the drug was significantly higher rivaroxaban (overall: 4.4% vs. 0.8% with ST, P = .001; serious: 1.5% vs. 0.0% with ST, P = .03). The rivaroxaban used less health resources after discharge, and the majority considered the tolerability as «very good« and the treatment as «very comfortable». Discussion. Rivaroxaban is at least as effective as ST in the prevention of venous thromboembolism prevention in daily clinical practice, with a similar incidence of haemorrhages. It provides greater satisfaction/comfort, and less health resources after discharge. These results should be interpreted taking into account the limitations inherent in observational studies (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Middle Aged , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee , Factor Xa Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Rivaroxaban/therapeutic use , Venous Thromboembolism/prevention & control , Drug Therapy, Combination , Follow-Up Studies , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Spain
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