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1.
Rev. Asoc. Esp. Neuropsiquiatr ; 34(122): 267-281, abr.-jun. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-121956

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar si existen diferencias en el uso de recursos y la actividad terapéutica llevada a cabo con las personas con y sin trastorno mental diagnosticable (códigos Z según CIE-10) en los Servicios de Salud Mental. Metodología: Diseño: estudio descriptivo comparativo. Ámbito: área sanitaria urbana. Población: todos los pacientes derivados al Centro de Salud Mental (n=1187) durante un año. Variables: se han analizado la indicación clínica, el número de citas y la intervención terapéutica a lo largo de un año de seguimiento. Asimismo, se recogieron también variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y asistenciales mediante la entrevista clínica, el test GHQ-28 y una escala de expectativas, para poder completar el estudio. Resultados: Los códigos Z son dados de alta en mayor proporción, reciben un tercio de visitas a lo largo de un año, faltan a mayor número de citas y tienen una probabilidad casi 5 veces mayor de abandonar tras la primera consulta que los trastornos mentales. Los pacientes diagnosticados de trastorno mental llegan con más tratamiento pautado desde atención primaria, se les añade más tratamiento, sobre todo si habían llegado sin ello a consulta, si viven solos y en el caso de ser derivados vía normal, que los códigos Z. A los 12 meses también están tomando psicofármacos en mayor proporción. Conclusiones: La indicación de alta o seguimiento en la primera entrevista, el número de citas y los abandonos discriminan las dos poblaciones mejor que en trabajos previos. Nuestros pacientes tienen más medicación pautada en el momento de la consulta, sobre todo en el caso de los códigos Z, que en los estudios internacionales. No obstante, la intervención farmacológica con los códigos Z suele ir encaminada en su mayoría a suspender los psicofármacos (AU)


Aims: to establish the differences in the use of resorurces and treatment with the people with and without diagnosable mental (Z codes according to CIE 10) in a Community Mental Health Center. Method: Design: comparative descriptive study. Scope: urban area. Population: all patientes referred to de mental health service during a year (n=1187). Variables: clinical indication, number of consults and therapeutic intervention throughout a year of pursuit have been analyzed. Also, were also collected sociodemographic, clinical and health services utilization variables by clinical interview, the test GHQ-28 and a scale of expectations, in order to complete the study. Results: Z codes are discharged to a greater extent, receive one-third of visits over a year, missing more citations and have a nearly 5 times more likely to leave after the first consultation that mental disorders. Patients diagnosed as mental disorder come with more prescribed treatment from primary care, further treatment is added, especially if they come without it to see, if they live alone and if they are re - ferred for normal track than Z. codes At 12 months are also taking psychotropic drugs in greater proportion. Conclusions: The indication of discharge or pursuit in the first interview, the number of consults and drop-outs discriminates the two populations better than in previous works. Our patients have more medication at the moment of the consultation, mainly in the case of the Z codes, than other studies. However, the pharmacology intervention with Z codes usually goes directed in its majority to suspend the psychotropic drug (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Mental Health/ethics , Mental Health/trends , Mental Health Services , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Mental Disorders/prevention & control , Psychotherapy/methods , Psychotherapy, Group/methods , Iatrogenic Disease/epidemiology , Iatrogenic Disease/prevention & control , Urban Health/ethics , Urban Health/legislation & jurisprudence , Longitudinal Studies/methods , Longitudinal Studies , Psychopharmacology/methods
2.
Rev. Asoc. Esp. Neuropsiquiatr ; 31(111): 421-435, jul.-sept. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-89735

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analizar las diferencias entre las variables sociodemográficas, asistenciales y clínicas de estas dos poblaciones. Metodología: Diseño: descriptivo comparativo. Ámbito: área sanitaria urbana. Población: todos los pacientes derivados al Centro de Salud Mental durante un año (n =1187). Variables: sociodemográficas, clínicas y asistenciales que se recogieron mediante una entrevista clínica y los tests GHQ-28, SCL-90-R y una escala de expectativas. Resultados: Entre los trastornos mentales hay más solteros, menor nivel educativo, son diagnosticados con mayor frecuencia por profesionales mujeres y derivados como preferentes. Además presentan más antecedentes psiquiátricos, acuden al centro con un tratamiento psicofarmacológico pautado en mayor medida y tras la evaluación son dados de alta en menos ocasiones que los códigos Z. Los trastornos mentales puntúan más alto en todos los índices estudiados del SCL-90-R. Además señalaban que los acontecimientos vitales estaban fuera de control en más ocasiones que los códigos Z en el momento de la consulta. Conclusiones: Las diferencias sociodemográficas entre ambas poblaciones son muy discretas al igual que en los estudios previos. En nuestro trabajo ambos grupos de pacientes tienen menos contactos ambulatorios previos que en estudios internacionales, pero más medicación pautada en el momento de la consulta, sobre todo en el caso de los códigos Z. Parece que los trastornos mentales tienen menos capacidades o habilidades de afrontamiento de las circunstancias adversas y son por tanto más vulnerables que los pacientes diagnosticados de código Z (AU)


Objective: To analyze the differences between socio-demographic variables, inpatients and outpatients of individuals assessed in a community mental health center (CMHC) with or with no diagnosable mental disorders according to ICD-10 (mental disorder or Z code). Method: Design: comparative description. Scope: urban area. Population: all patients referred to the Salamanca Mental Health Service (n =1187). Variables: sociodemographics, clinical and health service utilization gathered through clinical interview, GHQ-28, SCL-90-R and an expectations scale. Results: Among the mental patients there are more singles, a lower level of education, they are diagnosed by female professionals more frequently, and they have priority referals. Moreover they have mental health history more frequently, they arrive at the mental health service with psychopharmacological treatment administered often and after the evaluation they are discharged less frequently than Z code. Mental disorders are given more weight in all the SCL-90-R indexes studied. Vital occurrences were out of control more often in mental disorders than Z codes at the time of evaluation. Conclusions: The socio-demographic differences between both populations are finite like in previous studies. In our research both patient groups have fewer clinical visits than in international studies, but more prescribed medication at the time of the evaluation, especially in Z codes. It appears that mental patients lack social skills or the ability to stressful life events and, therefore, are more vulnerable than Z codes (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Mental Health/statistics & numerical data , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Mental Health Services/organization & administration , Mental Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Mental Disorders/prevention & control
3.
Int J Soc Psychiatry ; 57(5): 471-9, 2011 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20430820

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In recent years there has been controversy around the treatment demands of people who, without meeting diagnostic criteria for a mental disorder, have certain symptoms and are referred to mental health professionals. AIMS: To determine the prevalence of individuals assessed by mental health service, referred from primary care, who do not meet the diagnosis criteria of mental disorders according to ICD-10. To analyze the medical treatment given to these individuals, measured by the indication for discharge or follow-up and by the pharmacological intervention decided in the first interview, as well as the associated variables. DESIGN: descriptive study. SCOPE: urban area. POPULATION: all patients referred to the Salamanca mental health service during a year, without any exclusion (n = 1,187). VARIABLES: sociodemographics; clinical and health service utilization gathered through clinical interview, GHQ-28, SCL-90-R and an expectations scale. RESULTS: Of the 1,004 patients who attended interview, 24.4% (CI 95%: 21.6-27.0) did not present any diagnosable mental disorder (Z codes); they constitute the body of this study. 50.8% of these were referred from primary care with a psychotropic drug treatment already prescribed. Any drug intervention (addition, suspension or modification) was performed in 37.2% of the cases by the mental health service. Regardless of the treatment indicated, 52% were discharged after the first interview. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of patients who failed to reach diagnostic criteria for a mental disorder in this health service is similar to other studies, in spite of the filter provided by primary care. Many individuals without a diagnosable mental disorder received treatment both in primary care and in the mental health service.


Subject(s)
Ambulatory Care , Mental Disorders , Adult , Female , Humans , Interview, Psychological , Male , Mental Disorders/diagnosis , Mental Disorders/drug therapy , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Mental Disorders/physiopathology , Mental Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Spain/epidemiology
4.
Rev. Asoc. Esp. Neuropsiquiatr ; 24(91): 11-22, jul. 2004. tab, ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-36739

ABSTRACT

El parasuicidio supone un importante problema de salud pública, tanto por su elevada incidencia como por las importantes consecuencias a nivel médico y social. La forma habitual de abordar este problema es a través del estudio de las características del paciente parasuicida y del intento de suicidio. Nuestro estudio se compone de una muestra de 184 pacientes atendidos por parasuicidio. Se han valorado características sociodemográficas, clínicas y psicosociales del paciente, así como las características del parasuicidio, sus repercusiones médicas y el grado de intencionalidad suicida. El perfil del paciente fue el de una mujer soltera, de, 36'7 años de media, que convive con otras personas y está en paro. Más de la mitad de la muestra estaba ya en tratamiento psiquiátrico, siendo el diagnóstico más frecuente el de trastorno de personalidad. El método más usado fue el de ingestión de psicofármacos, benzodiacepinas y antidepresivos fundamentalmente. El 20 por ciento requirió ingreso hospitalario y el 50 por ciento fue derivado al Centro de Salud Mental para seguimiento. Respecto a la intencionalidad, se hallaron 2 subgrupos con diferentes frecuencia, diagnóstico, pronóstico y tratamiento (AU)


The parasuicide is an important public health problem because of its high frequency and its medical and social consequences. The patient's clinical features and the suicide attempt's characteristics are the most important clinical topics on studyng this problem. We studied 184 patients who committed parasuicide. Sociodemographic, clinical and psychosocial patient's features, parasuicide's characteristics, medical consequences and suicide intentionality were analyzed. The typical patient's profile was age 36´7, single, unemployed and not living alone woman. 54% of the sample was already receiving psychiatric attention. The most usual diagnose was personality disorder. The most usual method was ingestion of psychotropics drugs. 20% of the sample required hospital admission, and 50% was referred to his Mental Health Center. According to suicide intentionality two groups resulted. These two groups presented differences on frequency, prognosis, diagnosis and treatment. The foregoing are just some of the findings presented in this article (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Emergency Services, Psychiatric/methods , Emergency Services, Psychiatric/organization & administration , Psychiatric Department, Hospital/organization & administration , Suicide/trends , Personality Disorders/diagnosis , Personality Disorders/therapy , Psychopharmacology/methods , Antidepressive Agents/administration & dosage , Benzodiazepines/therapeutic use , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Public Health/methods , Suicide, Attempted/prevention & control , Suicide, Attempted/psychology , Social Support
5.
Rev. Asoc. Esp. Neuropsiquiatr ; 24(90): 83-96, abr. 2004. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-111543

ABSTRACT

Estudiamos cómo se ha incrementado la prescripción de antidepresivos y el gasto farmacéutico en un área de Madrid mediante las recetas del SNS realizadas tanto desde atención primaria como desde especializada durante los años 1999- 2001. Analizamos las repercusiones económicas (costes directos e indirectos) y las clínicas (medido por las incapacidades laborales transitorias por causa psiquiátrica durante esos mismos años y en la misma población). Discutimos algunas repercusiones a nivel social (AU)


We study the rise of antidepressants prescribing and the cost increase in a health area in Madrid. We use the National Health System prescriptions from primary care and from specialities during 1999- 2001. We analise the consequencies on economy (direct and indirect cost) and on health (temporary disability in the same time and in the same population because of mental disorders). We discuss also some social consequencies (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Antidepressive Agents/pharmacokinetics , Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use , Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data , Drug Prescriptions/standards , Primary Health Care/methods , Primary Health Care/trends , Primary Health Care , Sick Leave/trends , Retrospective Studies , Fluoxetine/therapeutic use
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