Research hotspots and trend of wrist arthroscopy: A bibliometrics analysis from 2013 to 2023.

BACKGROUND: Wrist arthroscopy technology is a surgical technology invented in recent years and widely used in clinical treatment of various wrist diseases. This study uses the methods of bibliometrics and visual analysis to understand the global research status, research hotspots, and future development trends of wrist arthroscopy. METHODS: The relevant literature of global publications on wrist arthroscopy from 2013 to 2023 was extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection database, and the annual output, cooperation, hot spots, research status, and development trend of this field were analyzed by using the bibliometric software (VOSviewers, CiteSpace, and the R package "Bibliometrix"). RESULTS: A total of 635 articles were included, from 2013 to 2023, the number of publications related to wrist arthroscopy showed an overall upward trend, the USA, France, and China are the top 3 countries in terms of the number of publications, whereas Mayo Clinic is the institution with the highest number of publications, Ho PC holds a core position in this field, keyword analysis indicates that the research hotspots are the applications of wrist arthroscopy in triangular fibrocartilage complex injuries, scaphoid nonunion, and avascular necrosis of the lunate. CONCLUSION SUBSECTIONS: Wrist arthroscopy has shown tremendous potential in treating various wrist diseases. However, there are still some challenges in its research domain. With continuous deep research, strengthened international collaboration, and ongoing technological advancements, wrist arthroscopy has the potential to become the standard treatment in hand surgery, offering more efficient and safer treatment options for patients worldwide.

MOF-based Ag NPs/Co3O4 nanozyme for colorimetric detection of thiophanate-methyl based on analyte-enhanced sensing mechanism.

Silver nanoparticles supported on metal-organic framework (ZIF-67)-derived Co3O4 nanostructures (Ag NPs/Co3O4) were synthesized via a facile in situ reduction strategy. The resulting materials exhibited pH-switchable peroxidase/catalase-like catalytic activity. Ag NP doping greatly enhanced the catalytic activity of Ag NPs/Co3O4 towards 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) oxidation and H2O2 decomposition which were 59 times (A652 of oxTMB) and 3 times (A240 of H2O2) higher than that of ZIF-67, respectively. Excitingly, thiophanate-methyl (TM) further enhanced the peroxidase-like activity of Ag NPs/Co3O4 nanozyme due to the formation of Ag(I) species in TM-Ag NPs/Co3O4 and generation of more radicals resulting from strong interaction between Ag NPs and TM. The TM-Ag NPs/Co3O4 nanozyme exhibited lower Km and higher Vmax values towards H2O2 when compared with Ag NPs/Co3O4 nanozyme. A simple, bioelement-free colorimetric TM detection method based on Ag NPs/Co3O4 nanozyme via analyte-enhanced sensing strategy was successfully established with high sensitivity and selectivity. Our study demonstrated that hybrid noble metal NPs/MOF-based nanozyme can be a class of promising artificial nanozyme in environmental and food safety applications.

Development of a Cation Exchange SPE-HILIC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of Ningnanmycin Residues in Tea and Chrysanthemum.

Ningnanmycin is a widely used antibiotic in agricultural production that effectively controls fungal and viral diseases in tea trees and chrysanthemums. The polarity characteristic of ningnanmycin has posed limitations on the development of robust detection methods, thereby hindering effective monitoring and control measures. By combining cation exchange solid phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophilic interaction chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS), we have effectively tackled the issue pertaining to the separation and retention of ningnanmycin. The average recoveries of ningnanmycin in green tea, black tea, and chrysanthemum were 77.3-82.0%, 80.1-81.5%, and 74.0-80.0%, respectively. The intraday and interday relative standard deviations (RSDs) were below and equal to 7.7%. Good linearity was observed in the concentration range of 1-1000 µg/L (R2 > 0.998). The limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 1.1 µg/kg to 7.1 µg/kg, and the limits of quantification (LOQs) ranged from 3.6 µg/kg to 23.7 µg/kg for ningnanmycin. These results indicate the good accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility, and sensitivity of the method. It is suitable for detecting ningnanmycin in tea and chrysanthemum.

Gut-immunity-joint axis: a new therapeutic target for gouty arthritis.

Gouty arthritis (GA) is an inflammatory disease characterized by pain. The primary goal of current treatment strategies during GA flares remains the reduction of inflammation and pain. Research suggests that the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites contribute to the modulation of the inflammatory mechanism associated with GA, particularly through their effect on macrophage polarization. The increasing understanding of the gut-joint axis emphasizes the importance of this interaction. The primary objective of this review is to summarize existing research on the gut-immune-joint axis in GA, aiming to enhance understanding of the intricate processes and pathogenic pathways associated with pain and inflammation in GA, as documented in the published literature. The refined comprehension of the gut-joint axis may potentially contribute to the future development of analgesic drugs targeting gut microbes for GA.

Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and neutralising antibodies in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases patients with COVID-19.

OBJECTIVES: Rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMD) may exhibit different immune responses to novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection compared to healthy individuals. While previous studies have primarily investigated changes in COVID-19-related antibodies post-vaccination for RMD patients, this study sought to explore the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and neutralising antibodies (NAb) in RMD patients after COVID-19 infection. METHODS: In this longitudinal study, we monitored the SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and NAb levels in RMD patients and healthy controls (HC) at 60 and 90 days post-COVID-19 infection. Chemiluminescent immunoassay was used to detect the levels of novel coronavirus-specific IgG (anti-S1/S2 IgG) antibodies and NAb. RESULTS: A total of 292 RMD patients and 104 HC were enrolled in the study. At both the 60-day and 90-day post-COVID-19 infection, RMD patients exhibited significantly lower levels of anti-S1/S2 IgG and NAb than those in the HC group (p<0.001). The anti-S1/S2 IgG antibody levels remained relatively stable, while the NAb levels in RMD patients could vary greatly between the 60th and 90th days. A logistic regression analysis revealed that the prior administration of glucocorticoids (GC), immunosuppressants, and b/tsDMARDs stood out as independent risk factors associated with reduced anti-S1/S2 IgG and NAb levels, irrespective of the specific RMD subtypes. CONCLUSIONS: GC and anti-rheumatic medications can potentially alter the production of specific antibodies, especially NAb, in RMD patients post-COVID-19 infection. These findings emphasise the importance of continuous monitoring for NAb fluctuations in RMD patients following a COVID-19 infection.

Engineering Antimicrobial Metal-Phenolic Network Nanoparticles with High Biocompatibility for Wound Healing.

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria pose a global health threat by causing persistent and recurrent microbial infections. To address this issue, antimicrobial nanoparticles (NPs) with low drug resistance but potent bactericidal effects have been developed. However, many of the developed NPs display poor biosafety and their synthesis often involves complex procedures and the antimicrobial modes of action are unclear. Herein, a simple strategy is reported for designing antimicrobial metal-phenolic network (am-MPN) NPs through the one-step assembly of a seeding agent (diethyldithiocarbamate), natural polyphenols, and metal ions (e.g., Cu2+ ) in aqueous solution. The Cu2+ -based am-MPN NPs display lower Cu2+ antimicrobial concentrations (by 10-1000 times) lower than most reported nanomaterials and negligible toxicity across various models, including, cells, blood, zebrafish, and mice. Multiple antimicrobial modes of the NPs have been identified, including bacterial wall disruption, reactive oxygen species production, and quinoprotein formation, with the latter being a distinct pathway identified for the antimicrobial activity of the polyphenol-based am-MPN NPs. The NPs exhibit excellent performance against multidrug-resistant bacteria (e.g., methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)), efficiently inhibit and destroy bacterial biofilms, and promote the healing of MRSA-infected skin wounds. This study provides insights on the antimicrobial properties of metal-phenolic materials and the rational design of antimicrobial metal-organic materials.

Uptake and translocation of organic pollutants in Camellia sinensis (L.): a review.

Camellia sinensis (L.) is a perennial evergreen woody plant with the potential for environmental pollution due to its unique growth environment and extended growth cycle. Pollution sources and pathways for tea plants encompass various factors, including atmospheric deposition, agricultural inputs of chemical fertilizers and pesticide, uptake from soil, and sewage irrigation. During the cultivation phase, Camellia sinensis (L.) can absorb organic pollutants through its roots and leaves. This review provides an overview of the uptake and translocation mechanisms involving the absorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides, anthraquinone (AQ), perchlorate, and other organic pollutants by tea plant roots. Additionally, we summarize how fresh tea leaves can be impacted by spraying pesticide and atmospheric sedimentation. In conclusion, this review highlights current research progress in understanding the pollution risks associated with Camellia sinensis (L.) and its products, emphasizing the need for further investigation and providing insights into potential future directions for research in this field.

Identification and characterization of phenolamides in tea (Camellia sinensis) flowers using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/Q-Exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry.

Phenolamides (PAs) are important secondary metabolites present in plants with multiple bioactivities. This study aims to comprehensively identify and characterize PAs in tea (Camellia sinensis) flowers using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/Q-Exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry based on a lab-developed in-silico accurate-mass database. The PAs found in tea flowers were conjugates of Z/E-hydroxycinnamic acids (p-coumaric, caffeic and ferulic acids) with polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and agmatine). The positional and Z/E isomers were distinguished through characteristic MS2 fragmentation rules and chromatographic retention behavior summarized from some synthetic PAs. 21 types of PAs consisting of over 80 isomers were identified, and the majority of them were found in tea flowers for the first time. Among 12 tea flower varieties studied, they all possessed tris-(p-coumaroyl)-spermidine with the highest relative content, and C. sinensis 'Huangjinya' had the highest total relative contents of PAs. This study shows the richness and structural diversity of PAs in tea flowers.

Near-infrared-excitable acetylcholinesterase-activated fluorescent probe for sensitive and anti-interference detection of pesticides in colored food.

The development of a common and anti-interference acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition assay for plant-originated food samples has been of great challenge because of the prevalent and strong signal interferences from natural pigments. Plant pigments normally exhibit non-negligible absorbance in the UV-visible region. As a result, the signals of a typical near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe could be disturbed through primary inner filter effect if it is excited by UV-visible light during plant sample analysis. In this work, an NIR-excitable AChE-activated fluorescent probe was biomimetically designed and synthesized. And the NIR-excitation strategy was utilized for the anti-interference detection of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides in colored samples with this probe. Sensitive and rapid response to AChE and pesticides was achieved due to the high affinity of the biomimetic recognition unit in the probe. The limits of detection for four representative pesticides including dichlorvos, carbofuran, chlorpyrifos and methamidophos reached 0.0186 µg/L, 2.20 µg/L, 12.3 µg/L and 13.6 µg/L, respectively. Most importantly, fluorescent response to pesticide contents could be accurately measured in the coexistence of different plant pigments by this probe, and the measured results showed completely irrelevance to the plant pigments and their colors. Taking advantage of such probe, the new developed AChE inhibition assay showed good sensitivity and anti-interference ability in the detection of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides in real samples.

Clinical Study of Wrist Arthroscopy Combined with Oblique Ulnar Shortening Osteotomy in the Treatment of Ulnar Impaction Syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical effects of wrist arthroscopy combined with oblique ulnar shortening osteotomy in the treatment of ulnar impaction syndrome. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 60 patients with ulnar impaction syndrome who were admitted to our department from January 2016 to December 2019. According to different surgical methods, they were divided into an observation group and a control group, with 30 cases in each group. The control group was treated with oblique ulnar shortening osteotomy, and the observation group used wrist arthroscopy based on the control group. The two groups of patients were compared in terms of wrist function before and 12 months after surgery. We compared the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Score (DASH Score), Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation Score (PRWE Score), Visual Analog Score (VAS), and ulnar variation between the two groups at 12 months after surgery. The excellent and good rates by Mayo wrist score were compared between the two groups at the last follow-up. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for 12-36 months, with an average of 14.5 months. Bone union was achieved at the oblique osteotomy of the ulna, with an average healing time of 13.6 weeks. The observation group was examined by wrist arthroscopy, and the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) Palmer classification was confirmed in three cases of type IIA, seven cases of type IIB, 14 cases of type IIC, and six cases of type IID. Compared with before surgery, the grip strength, flexion-extension, ulnar radial deflection, and forearm rotation of the two groups of patients were significantly improved at 12 months after surgery. The DASH score, PRWE score, and VAS score of the observation group were better than those of the control group, and the difference in ulnar shortening length was not statistically significant between the two groups. The excellent and good rates of the observation group (93.3%) were better than those of the control group (87.5%) at the last follow-up, and the difference was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Compared with oblique ulnar shortening osteotomy alone, combined wrist arthroscopy can better reduce the pain of patients with ulnar impaction syndrome, restore wrist function, and improve the excellent and good rates. Therefore, it is clinically worthy of promotion.

Simple and sensitive determination of sulfites in Chinese herbal teas by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

Sulfites are used widely in food and beverage production to prevent browning or oxidation. However, the overingestion of sulfites is harmful to human health and may cause medical complications. Chinese herbal teas have been widely consumed for centuries. However, sulfite levels in Chinese herbal teas are rarely investigated and reported. Here, we present a simple, sensitive, and quantitative method to determine sulfites in Chinese herbal teas using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) coupled with dispersive solid phase extraction. The method utilized a SeQuant ZIC-HILIC column for separation, and the optimal gradient eluents consisted of acetonitrile and aqueous solution with 0.1% acetic acid and 10 mM ammonium acetate. Porous chitosan/partially reduced graphene oxide/diatomite (CS/prGO/DM) composites were used as efficient dispersive solid phase extraction adsorbents for sample preparation. Several parameters were investigated during the extraction process, including sample-to-extraction solvent volume ratios, the extraction procedure and dosage of the adsorbent. Under the optimum conditions, the developed method gave a good determination coefficient (r2 > 0.99), low detection limits (0.51-12.1 µg kg-1) and high recoveries in the range of 83.8-102.7% at different spiked levels. The method has the great advantages of being time saving, good reproducibility and much lower detection limits when compared to titration methods. The method was further applied to analyze real herbal tea samples collected from the local market, demonstrating that our developed method is robust and useful for determining sulfites in practical application.

3D printed PCLA scaffold with nano-hydroxyapatite coating doped green tea EGCG promotes bone growth and inhibits multidrug-resistant bacteria colonization.

OBJECTIVES: 3D-printing scaffold with specifically customized and biomimetic structures gained significant recent attention in tissue engineering for the regeneration of damaged bone tissues. However, constructed scaffolds that simultaneously promote bone regeneration and in situ inhibit bacterial proliferation remains a great challenge. This study aimed to design a bone repair scaffold with in situ antibacterial functions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Herein, a general strategy is developed by using epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major green tea polyphenol, firmly anchored in the nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) and coating the 3D printed polymerization of caprolactone and lactide (PCLA) scaffold. Then, we evaluated the stability, mechanical properties, water absorption, biocompatibility, and in vitro antibacterial and osteocyte inductive ability of the scaffolds. RESULTS: The coated scaffold exhibit excellent activity in simultaneously stimulating osteogenic differentiation and in situ resisting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in a bone repair environment without antibiotics. Meanwhile, the prepared 3D scaffold has certain mechanical properties (39.3 ± 3.2 MPa), and the applied coating provides the scaffold with remarkable cell adhesion and osteogenic conductivity. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that EGCG self-assembled HA coating on PCLA surface could effectively enhance the scaffold's water absorption, osteogenic induction, and antibacterial properties in situ. It provides a new strategy to construct superior performance 3D printed scaffold to promote bone tissue regeneration and combat postoperative infection in situ.

Dissipation pattern and conversion of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides (PANOs) during tea manufacturing and brewing.

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides (PANOs) are toxic secondary metabolites in plants, and one kind of main exogenous pollutants of tea. Herein, the dissipation pattern and conversion behavior of PAs/PANOs were investigated during tea manufacturing and brewing using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Compared with PAs (processing factor (PF) = 0.73-1.15), PANOs had higher degradation rates (PF = 0.21-0.56) during tea manufacturing, and drying played the most important role in PANOs degradation. Moreover, PANOs were firstly discovered to be converted to corresponding PAs especially in the time-consuming (spreading of green tea manufacturing and withering of black tea manufacturing) and high-temperature tea processing (drying). Moreover, higher transfer rates of PANOs (≥75.84%) than that of PAs (≤56.53%) were observed during tea brewing. Due to higher toxicity of PAs than PANOs, these results are conducive to risk assessment and pollution control of PAs/PANOs in tea.

Insights into stress degradation behavior of gibberellic acid by UHPLC Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry.

Gibberellic acid (GA3) is widely applied in agriculture and food worldwide. Profiling the degradation products and their formation pattern under stress are helpful for deeply understanding GA3 regulating plant physiology and GA3 safety in agricultural crops. This study firstly investigated the degradation behavior of GA3. Different stress factors such as light, pH and temperatures were investigated through photolysis and hydrolysis experiments. Five degradation products were identified using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS). Three degradation products were produced under ultraviolet photolysis conditions. Two isomers (iso-GA3 and gibberellenic acid) were formed under alkaline conditions. In order to characterize each degradation product, complete mass fragmentation pathways of all analytes were initially established. These results could provide a practical reference for the safety of agricultural products and the guidance for scientific application of GA3 and proposed storage conditions of GA3.

Microsurgical treatment of symptomatic spinal extradural arachnoid cyst: a consecutive case series of 34 patients and literature review.

PURPOSE: A spinal extradural arachnoid cyst (SEAC) is a rare condition with unclear etiology. Herein, we report a series of symptomatic SEACs to illustrate features of SEACs in adults, surgical management, and outcomes. METHODS: A total of 34 consecutive patients who underwent microsurgical treatment were retrospectively reviewed. Patient characteristics were recorded in each case, including presenting symptoms, imaging findings, neurologic status, a surgical procedure performed and follow-up. RESULTS: There were 19 (56%) male and 15 (44%) female patients, with the ages ranging from 16 to 71 years (average 45 years). The lesions were located in the cervical segment (n = 4, 12%), thoracic segment (n = 6, 18%), thoracolumbar segment (n = 10, 29%) and lumbar segment (n = 14, 41%). Clinical presentations included back pain (n = 18, 53%), sensory deficits (n = 14, 41%), weakness (n = 4, 12%) and gait ataxia (n = 4, 12%), with a mean duration of symptoms of 17 months. The lesion was hypointense with the spinal cord on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images and showed no homogeneous enhancement after contrast medium injection. Communication between the cyst and subarachnoid space was found in 23 patients and the cyst was resected after fistula ligation. Postoperatively, patients were followed up for an average of 80 months. The patients' symptoms dramatically improved and follow-up radiological images showed a complete disappearance of the cyst in all patients. No recurrence was observed in the dural repair group. CONCLUSION: Patients with symptomatic SEAC present with obvious and persistent symptoms. Complete microsurgical cyst removal with the closure of the dural defect is the standard treatment procedure with good results and a low recurrence rate.

[Anatomical repair of Atzei-EWAS type 2 triangular fibrocartilage complex injury under wrist arthroscopy].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effectiveness of anatomical repair of Atzei-EWAS type 2 triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injury under wrist arthroscopy. METHODS: Between March 2018 and March 2020, 16 patients with Atzei-EWAS type 2 TFCC injury were admitted, and the TFCCs were anatomically repaired with a three-dimensional suture with a thread anchor under wrist arthroscopy. There were 10 males and 6 females with an average of 40.2 years (range, 22-54 years). The disease duration ranged from 2 to 9 months (mean, 6.4 months). Preoperative grip strength of the affected limb was (20.06±3.38) kg, wrist range of motion in flexion and extension was (117.19±7.74)°, radial-ulnar deviation was (31.25±5.32)°, forearm rotation range of motion was (137.19±14.83)°, visual analogue scale (VAS) score was 5.6±1.2. At last follow-up, the effectiveness was evaluated by the grip strength of the affected limb, the range of motion of the wrist joint, the VAS score, and the modified Mayo wrist score. RESULTS: All incisions healed by first intention. One case had paralysis of the dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve after operation, and no other complications occurred in other cases. All patients were followed up 12-18 months (mean, 14.5 months). The distal radioulnar joint stability of all patients recovered. At last follow-up, the grip strength of the affected limb was (24.88±3.26) kg, the range of motion in flexion and extension was (146.59±6.49)°, radial-ulnar deviation was (39.38±6.55)°, and forearm rotation range of motion was (152.50±11.55)°, which were significantly higher than those before operation ( P<0.05); the VAS score was 0.9±0.8, which was significantly lower than that before operation ( t=21.029, P=0.000). The modified Mayo wrist score was rated as excellent in 10 cases, good in 5 cases, and fair in 1 case. The excellent and good rate was 93.8%. MRI results showed that TFCC healed in all cases. CONCLUSION: For Atzei-EWAS type 2 TFCC injury, anatomical repair under wrist arthroscopy can restore the anatomical structure of TFCC, effectively relieve wrist pain, improve function, and obtain good effectiveness.

Correlation of peripheral CD4+GranzB+CTLs with disease severity in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome.

INTRODUCTION: Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease which has focal lymphocytic infiltration including a majority of CD4+ T cells. This study was to investigate the correlation of peripheral granzyme B (GranzB)-expressing CD4+ T cells with disease severity and histological lesion in patients with pSS. METHODS: We recruited 116 pSS and 46 health control (HC) using flow cytometry to examine the percentage of CD4+GranzB+CTLs in the peripheral blood, and immunofluorescence to test their expression in the labial gland. RESULTS: The percentage of CD4+GranzB+CTLs was significantly upregulated in pSS than in HC (7.1 ± 4.9% vs 3.1 ± 1.9%, p < 0.0001) and positive correlation with ESSDAI. The frequency of them was markedly higher in pSS with extraglandular manifestations. After excluding the other risk factors associated with pSS, they were still related to ESSDIA and extraglandular manifestations independently (p < 0.05), and they are the risk factor of extraglandular involvement (odds ratio = 1.928). Moreover, they could be observed in the LSGs. ROC curve analysis indicated that the area under the curve (AUC) of CD4+GranzB+CTLs was 0.796 to predict the activity of pSS and 0.851 to presume extraglandular manifestations. The best diagnostic cutoff point was 4.865 for pSS patients. CONCLUSION: In this study, we provide new evidence indicating the involvement of CD4+GranzB+CTLs over activation in the pathophysiology of pSS, which may serve as a new biomarker to evaluate the activity and severity of pSS.

Porous chitosan/partially reduced graphene oxide/diatomite composite as an efficient adsorbent for quantitative colorimetric detection of pesticides in a complex matrix.

On-site, instrument free quantitative analysis of pesticides is of significant importance for food safety control. However, it is still a great challenge for pesticide detection in food via the current visual detection methods due to the presence of interferents in a complex matrix. In this study, a complex tea matrix had a strong effect on a gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) based colorimetric sensor for the detection of pesticides. Here, a porous chitosan/partially reduced graphene oxide/diatomite (CS/prGO/DM) composite was successfully synthesized via a facile hydrothermal treatment. It could act as an efficient adsorbent for removing different types of tea interferents. A colorimetric sensing platform for the quantitative detection of pesticides in a complex matrix was successfully established. The color changes of the aggregation of Au NPs induced by pesticides were captured using the camera of a smartphone and the images were processed with average RGB (red, green, and blue) values obtained using self-developed software. The G/R values and A700/525 values obtained from UV-vis spectra could be used for quantitative analysis of pesticides. The limits of detection of phosalone and thiram in tea were 90 nM and 13.8 nM, respectively. It is expected that graphene-based materials are attractive for wide application of on-site colorimetric quantitative detection in a variety of fields like environmental protection, food safety and bioanalysis.

A Novel Six-mRNA Signature Predicts Survival of Patients With Glioblastoma Multiforme.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a devastating brain tumor and displays divergent clinical outcomes due to its high degree of heterogeneity. Reliable prognostic biomarkers are urgently needed for improving risk stratification and survival prediction. In this study, we analyzed genome-wide mRNA profiles in GBM patients derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases to identify mRNA-based signatures for GBM prognosis with survival analysis. Univariate Cox regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between the expression of mRNA and the prognosis of patients with GBM. We established a risk score model that consisted of six mRNA (AACS, STEAP1, STEAP2, G6PC3, FKBP9, and LOXL1) by the LASSO regression method. The six-mRNA signature could divide patients into a high-risk and a low-risk group with significantly different survival rates in training and test sets. Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that it was an independent prognostic factor in GBM patients, and it has a superior predictive power as compared with age, IDH mutation status, MGMT, and G-CIMP methylation status. By combining this signature and clinical risk factors, a nomogram can be established to predict 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS in GBM patients with relatively high accuracy.

Three-Dimensional Printing-Assisted Masquelet Technique in the Treatment of Calcaneal Defects.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to summarize the clinical efficacy of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology combined with the Masquelet technique in the treatment of calcaneal defects. METHODS: From January 2018 to April 2019, 3D printing combined with induced masquelet technology was used to treat four patients with calcaneal defects, including two men and two women. The patients were aged 22-52 years old, with an average age of 36 years. There were two cases of traffic accident injuries, there was one case of a fall from height, and there was one case of crush injury. CT scans were used to reconstruct the bilateral calcaneus, mirror technology was used to construct the bone defect area, and Materialise 3-matic software was used to design the calcaneus shaper mold and 3D print the mold. During the operation, the mold was used to shape the bone cement and fill the bone defect. In the second stage, the bone cement was removed and autologous bone was implanted to repair the bone defect. All patients were followed up to observe the effect. RESULTS: All four patients were followed up for 14 months (range, 10-18 months). There were three cases of infectious bone defects: two cases of Escherichia coli and one case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The 3D printed mold was used to shape the bone cement. During the operation, it was found to have a high degree of matching with the defect area of calcaneus. There is no need to adjust it again, and the wound healed well after the first stage. In the second stage of surgery, it was found that the induced membrane formed was complete and of appropriate size; the bone cement was easily removed during the operation. The fracture healing time was 3-6 months, with an average of 4 months. At the last follow up, there was no pain and the patients walked with full weight bearing. The Maryland score was 94 points (range, 88-98 points); three cases were excellent and one case was good. The AOFAS score ranged from 86 to 98, with an average of 92.8 points; three cases were excellent and one case was good. CONCLUSION: Three-dimensional printing technology combined with induced membrane technology is an effective approach for treating calcaneal bone defects.