Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Asian People , Biological Assay , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , China , Female , Humans , MastectomySubject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Mastectomy , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , China , Humans , Mastectomy, Modified RadicalABSTRACT
This study aims to investigate clinical significance of topoisomerase 2A (TOP2A) expression and TOP2A gene change in operable invasive breast cancer. This is a retrospective analysis, which includes 256 patients diagnosed as operable invasive breast cancer. All postoperational waxed specimens were subjected to resectioning for staining. Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), KI-67, TOP2A expression, and TOP2A gene changes were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescent in situ hybridization technique (FISH), respectively. Correlation between TOP2A expression and clinicopathological characteristics was also investigated. Effects of TOP2A protein or gene changes on survival rate were detected. Results indicated that 165 were TOP2A positive (64.5 %), and 31 were gene amplification positive (12.1 %). Positive rate of TOP2A expression showed significant correlations with ER, KI-67, and HER-2. The difference of 5-year overall survival (OS) between TOP2A-positive and TOP2A-negative groups did not reach statistical significance (OS: P = 0.321, 85.9 vs. 79.6 %; disease-free survival [DFS]: P = 0.247, 83.3 vs. 75.3 %). Five-year OS in TOP2A amplification group was 68.8 %, which is lower than deficiency and control group (P > 0.05). Subgroup analysis showed no significant differences of OS and DFS either between TOP2A-positive and TOP2A-negative groups or between TOP2A amplification and control group in population of patients with HER-2 amplification, triple negative breast cancer, or hormone-positive breast cancer. In conclusion, positive rate of TOP2A expression correlates significantly with ER, KI-67, and HER-2. However, prognostic significance of either TOP2A expression or TOP2A gene changes in breast cancer and its various subtypes is limited.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Neoplasm/biosynthesis , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , DNA Topoisomerases, Type II/biosynthesis , DNA-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , DNA Topoisomerases, Type II/genetics , DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics , Disease-Free Survival , Female , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Humans , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics , Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins , Prognosis , Receptor, ErbB-2/biosynthesis , Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics , Receptors, Estrogen/biosynthesis , Receptors, Estrogen/genetics , Receptors, Progesterone/biosynthesis , Receptors, Progesterone/geneticsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Keratinocyte serum-free medium (K-SFM) is a defined medium used to support the growth of primary keratinocytes and embryonic stem cell. The aim of this research was to optimize enrichment of breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) using K-SFM. METHODS: A K-SFM was used to enrich CSCs from two breast cancer cell lines and a primary culture of breast cancer. RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) was used as a control. CSCs were identified with flow cytometry using CD44(+)/CD24(-) as molecular markers. The expression of a variety of CSC markers (Oct-4, ABCG2, Nanog, N-cadherin, and E-cadherin) was analyzed with real-time PCR. RESULTS: Much higher percentage of CSCs was achieved with K-SFM: 17.3% for MCF-7 cells, 17.4% for SKBR-3, and 20.0% for primary breast cancer culture. Less than 1% CSC was achieved using RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% FCS. In comparison to the CSCs obtained with RPMI-1640, CSCs in the K-SFM expressed higher levels of Oct-4, ABCG2, Nanog and N-cadherin, and lower level of E-cadherin. CONCLUSION: K-SFM is an optimal culture medium to maintain and to enrich breast CSCs.
Subject(s)
Cell Culture Techniques/methods , Culture Media, Serum-Free , Keratinocytes/cytology , Neoplastic Stem Cells/cytology , Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism , ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2 , ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/genetics , Cadherins/genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , Female , Homeodomain Proteins/genetics , Humans , Nanog Homeobox Protein , Neoplasm Proteins/genetics , Octamer Transcription Factor-3/genetics , Real-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile ((99)Tc(m)-MIBI) imaging in predicting the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) and prognosis in patients with operable breast cancer. METHODS: Sixty five patients with breast cancer underwent (99)Tc(m)-MIBI scintimammography before NCT, and static planar images were taken at 10 min and 180 min after scintimammography. The clearance rate was calculated in each patient, correlation between the clearance rate and efficacy of NCT, and the disease free survival rate were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean clearance rate of 65 patients was (17.4 ± 6.8)%. The efficacy of NCT was 86.2% (CR 4 cases, PR 52 cases, SD 8 cases, and PD 1 case), and the mean clearance rate of patients with good response or poor response of chemotherapy were (15.5 ± 5.0)% and (29.2 ± 3.2)%, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups. The average disease free survival rate in the group with low clearance rate was (75.8%, P = 0.046), significantly higher than that in the group with high clearance rate (53.1%). CONCLUSION: Scintimammography of (99)Tc(m)-MIBI may be used to evaluate the efficacy and prognosis of NCT for patients with operable breast cancer.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/diagnostic imaging , Radiopharmaceuticals , Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi , Adult , Aged , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/drug therapy , Carcinoma, Lobular/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Lobular/drug therapy , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use , Disease-Free Survival , Epirubicin/therapeutic use , Etoposide/therapeutic use , Female , Fluorouracil/therapeutic use , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Middle Aged , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Neoplasm Staging , Predictive Value of Tests , Radionuclide Imaging , Remission Induction , Taxoids/therapeutic useABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the clearance rate of technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile ((99m)Tc-MIBI) in scintimammography and the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) of patients with operable breast cancer. METHODS: Seventy-eight patients with breast cancer underwent (99m)Tc-MIBI scintimammography at pre-NCT. And static planar images were taken at 10 min and 180 min post-scintimammography. The clearance rate was calculated in each patient. And the efficacy of NCT was evaluated after 2 cycles. RESULTS: The clearance rates of patients with a poor or good efficacy of chemotherapy were 24.21% ± 6.38% (n = 14) and 14.13% ± 5.98% (n = 64) respectively. There was significant difference between two groups. And a significant correlation was observed between the efficacy of chemotherapy and the clearance rate of (99m)Tc-MIBI (r = -0.539, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The scintimammography of (99m)Tc-MIBI may be employed to evaluate the efficacy of NCT.
