In vitro evaluation of surface roughness of titanium abutments after air polishing with different abrasive powders.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of air polishing with sodium bicarbonate and erythritol powders on surface roughness and morphological changes in titanium abutments. METHODS: A total of 45 grade V titanium discs were divided in three groups: Group A (Control) air polished with air/water; Group B, air polished with sodium bicarbonate powder; and Group C, air polished with erythritol powder. After air polishing, the samples' roughness (Sa) in micrometres were analysed with an optical profilometer. The samples' surface morphology study was conducted via scanning electronic microscope (SEM). Data were described using mean and standard deviation of roughness values (Sa). Inferential analysis was performed using the ANOVA multiple comparison test followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Both tests used a 5% level of significance. RESULTS: After air polishing, average roughness of group A, B and C were 0.036, 0.046 and 0.037 µm, respectively, with statistically significant differences between groups A and B (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found between group A and group C, as well as between group B and C (p > 0.05). As for the morphology analysis, damages to the titanium surface were only observed in group B. CONCLUSIONS: The study indicates that air polishing with erythritol powder maintains titanium abutment integrity better than sodium bicarbonate, which increased surface roughness and caused damage. Erythritol is preferable for minimizing surface alterations and maintaining morphological stability.

[Validation of the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance index among the Portuguese population]. / Validação do Oral Impacts on Daily Performances para a população portuguesa.

The Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) questionnaire is an oral health-related quality of life indicator. It was developed in order to assess the influence of oral conditions on the self-ability to execute daily activities. The main goal of this research was to validate the OIDP for the Portuguese population aged 18 years and above. The first step was to obtain a provisional Portuguese version of the OIDP: the original was translated from English and then back-translated. Some linguistic changes were made, and the final Portuguese version was obtained, which was duly approved by a review committee, whose members included researchers and translators. Subsequently, a pilot study was conducted with 36 subjects (26 on paper and 10 online). Lastly, the final study was performed collecting data online from 513 subjects. Chronbach's alpha (0.67) and the alpha for standardized items (0.69) were established for reliability. Validity was studied in its various aspects: face, content, construct and concurrent validity. The OIDP-PT revealed good psychometric properties and is a reliable and valid instrument that can be applied to the Portuguese population.

O "Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP)" é um indicador de qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde oral. Foi desenvolvido com o intuito de avaliar o impacto das condições orais na capacidade de o indivíduo desempenhar atividades diárias. O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi validar o OIDP para a população Portuguesa, com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos. Começou-se por obter uma versão portuguesa provisória: traduziu-se o original inglês e retro traduziu-se. Fizeram-se adaptações linguísticas e obteve-se a versão portuguesa do OIDP (OIDP-PT), aprovada por uma comissão de revisão composta por investigadores e tradutores. Fez-se o estudo piloto, com 36 participantes (26 em papel e 10 "online"). Por fim, realizou-se o estudo final com 513 participantes, tendo a recolha de dados sido feita "online". Ao nível da confiabilidade, determinou-se o alfa de Cronbach (0,67) e o alfa com base em itens padronizados (0,69). A validade foi estudada nas suas várias vertentes: validade de face, de conteúdo, de construto e concorrente. O OIDP-PT mostrou ter boas propriedades psicométricas e ser um instrumento confiável e válido para ser aplicado à população portuguesa.

Validação do Oral Impacts on Daily Performances para a população portuguesa / Validation of the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance index among the Portuguese population

Resumo O "Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP)" é um indicador de qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde oral. Foi desenvolvido com o intuito de avaliar o impacto das condições orais na capacidade de o indivíduo desempenhar atividades diárias. O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi validar o OIDP para a população Portuguesa, com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos. Começou-se por obter uma versão portuguesa provisória: traduziu-se o original inglês e retro traduziu-se. Fizeram-se adaptações linguísticas e obteve-se a versão portuguesa do OIDP (OIDP-PT), aprovada por uma comissão de revisão composta por investigadores e tradutores. Fez-se o estudo piloto, com 36 participantes (26 em papel e 10 "online"). Por fim, realizou-se o estudo final com 513 participantes, tendo a recolha de dados sido feita "online". Ao nível da confiabilidade, determinou-se o alfa de Cronbach (0,67) e o alfa com base em itens padronizados (0,69). A validade foi estudada nas suas várias vertentes: validade de face, de conteúdo, de construto e concorrente. O OIDP-PT mostrou ter boas propriedades psicométricas e ser um instrumento confiável e válido para ser aplicado à população portuguesa.

Abstract The Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) questionnaire is an oral health-related quality of life indicator. It was developed in order to assess the influence of oral conditions on the self-ability to execute daily activities. The main goal of this research was to validate the OIDP for the Portuguese population aged 18 years and above. The first step was to obtain a provisional Portuguese version of the OIDP: the original was translated from English and then back-translated. Some linguistic changes were made, and the final Portuguese version was obtained, which was duly approved by a review committee, whose members included researchers and translators. Subsequently, a pilot study was conducted with 36 subjects (26 on paper and 10 online). Lastly, the final study was performed collecting data online from 513 subjects. Chronbach's alpha (0.67) and the alpha for standardized items (0.69) were established for reliability. Validity was studied in its various aspects: face, content, construct and concurrent validity. The OIDP-PT revealed good psychometric properties and is a reliable and valid instrument that can be applied to the Portuguese population.

In vitro study of the effect of an essential oil and a delmopinol mouth rinse on dental plaque bacteria.

CONTEXT: Mouthrinses are used, by many of our patients, as a complement to daily dental hygiene routine. The use of a toothbrush and an interproximal cleaning method may not be enough to control dental plaque. Essential oils and delmopinol mouth rinses are effective for the prevention of dental caries and gingivitis. To study the effect of an essential oil and a delmopinol mouth rinse on dental plaque bacteria, an in vitro study was developed. AIMS: The objective of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of an essential oil and a delmopinol mouth rinse on Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacilli, and aerobic and anaerobic dental plaque nonspecific bacteria. DESIGN: Samples of human dental plaque were collected from consenting participants and bacteria isolated. Disk-diffusion tests were performed to obtain the minimum concentration of the mouth rinses necessary to inhibit bacterial growth. The ability of the commercial mouth rinses to inhibit bacterial growth was studied in comparison to a positive control (0.2% chlorhexidine) and a negative laboratorial control (sterilized water). RESULTS: The minimum inhibitory concentration was found to be inferior to the commercial essential oils and delmopinol mouth rinses concentrations. Delmopinol and essential oils have significant antibacterial properties shown in vitro only for aerobic bacteria, and for S. mutans, Lactobacillus, and anaerobic bacteria, the results were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Essential oils and chlorhexidine are statistically similar and better than delmopinol for aerobic bacteria growth inhibition. For the other bacteria, essential oils and delmopinol are not statistically promising. Results show that essential oils only may help patients to maintain good oral health as a complement to daily brushing and interproximal cleaning.

Nota sobre abelhas Lestrimelitta rufipes (Freise) (Hymenoptera, Meliponina), atraídas por armadilhas com iscas odoríferas, na região Sul Fluminense do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / Note on bees Lestrimelitta rufipes (Friese) (Hymenoptera, Meliponina) attracted by scent traps in the South Region of the State of Rio de Janeiro

O estudo foi realizado bimestralmente entre agosto de 2006 e maio de 2007 na Região Sul Fluminense do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. As armadilhas, modelo Carvalho-47, foram adaptadas e posteriormente montadas às 9 horas e retiradas 48 horas depois. Em cada ponto de coleta foram montadas 4 armadilhas, totalizando 20 armadilhas em toda a trilha. Durante o experimento, oito operárias de Lestrimelitta rufipes (Friese) foram capturadas, sendo sete atraídas por salicilato de metila e uma por cineole. Além dessas essências, foram utilizadas mais duas essências, eugenol e vanilina, porém essas duas essências não atraíram nenhum indivíduo. Todas as abelhas foram coletadas ao longo de novembro de 2006. Mesmo com ampla distribuição geográfica, L. rufipes não havia sido registrada na região Sul Fluminense, sendo também o primeiro registro de coletas dessa espécie através de armadilhas com iscas odoríferas. Não foi possível identificar o porquê da atração das operárias de L. rufipes ao salicilato de metila e cineole, uma vez que essas abelhas não visitam flores nem ninhos que poderiam conter tais fragrâncias. O método de coleta através de armadilhas com iscas odoríferas poderá ser empregado com diversos objetivos, entre eles, o de conhecer a riqueza e a distribuição desse gênero em diversas áreas.

This study was done each two months between August 2006 to May 2007 in a South Region in the State of Rio de Janeiro. The traps, a (Carvalho-47) model, were adjusted, then assembled at 9 o'clock and finally removed 48 hours after. In each place of the extraction, 4 traps were assembled, in a total of 20 in all the trail. During the experiment, eight worker bees of Lestrimelitta rufipes, were captured, and seven of them were attracted by methyl salicilate and one by cineole. Beside this essences, two more were used, eugenol and vanillin, but these two ones didn't collect any bees. All the bees were collected during November 2006. Even with such geographical distribution, L. rufipes hasn't been registered in this south region, and this is also the first registered collection of this specie using scent traps. It was not possible to identify the cause of the bee workers L. rufipes attraction by methyl salicilate and cineole, because these bees do not visit flowers, neither nets that could have this fragrance. The method of collection used by scent traps can be used for many purposes and among them the objective of knowing the richness and distribution of these types in different areas.