Validation of a Scale on Society's Attitudes towards the Sexuality of Women with Intellectual Disabilities-Survey Study.

BACKGROUND: The main aim of this study was to design and validate a questionnaire in Spanish to acknowledge the perception of the sexuality of women with intellectual disabilities. We sought to cover specific spheres of sexuality, such as sexual capacity, decision-making capacity, sexual disinhibition, and sexual education and quality of life. METHODS: A questionnaire was developed based on a literature review. Validation was performed using content validation through a panel of experts; construct validation was performed using exploratory and confirmatory factorial analyses; reliability tests were also performed, using Cronbach's Alpha and the two-halves test. RESULTS: Two-hundred forty-four participants pilot tested the initial 34-item questionnaire. After content validation and exploratory factorial analysis, the resulting 10-item questionnaire showed four domains, with Cronbach's Alpha values between 0.69 and 0.82. Confirmatory factorial analysis confirmed the domains, and the model's goodness-of-fit tests were adequate. CONCLUSIONS: The final ten-item scale developed in this research proved to be a valid and reliable instrument, as it has good psychometric properties of both validity and reliability. Thus, researchers interested in investigating the social perception of the sexuality of women with intellectual disabilities can use this tool. Future research can extend the validity of this scale to other languages and settings.

Competence and Attitude of Family Physicians towards Sexuality Regarding Their Sexual Orientation, Age, or Having a Partner-Survey Study and Validation.

BACKGROUND: The main objective of this study was to assess different aspects of family physicians (sex, age, sexual orientation, or having a partner) regarding their competencies, attitudes, and procedures towards their patients' sexuality. We also sought to develop a valid questionnaire to perform this task. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed among family and community medicine physicians in southeast Spain. RESULTS: A total of 259 family physicians participated. Overall, 69.9% were women, 80.7% were heterosexual, 80.7% had a partner, and 50.6% had not received specific sexology training. Homosexual physicians showed a slightly more positive attitude toward sexuality. Training in sexuality established differences in competencies and procedures, but no differences were found in the attitude regarding whether the physicians had a partner or their training. While younger ages were correlated with a more positive attitude, the global score was positively correlated with the age of the professionals. CONCLUSIONS: Competences, attitudes, and knowledge of procedures do not depend on whether the professional has a partner, but there may be slight differences regarding attitude when considering the sexual orientation of the physicians. The attitude toward sexuality may not depend on previous training. Albeit younger family physicians have a more positive attitude, all providers become more involved with sexuality as they gain professional experience.

Experiências sexuais após prostatectomia radical não poupadora de nervos / Experiencias sexuales después de prostatectomía radical sin conservación de bandeletas neurovasculares / Sexual experiences after non-nerve sparing radical prostatectomy

Resumo Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi explorar as experiências e expectativas de pacientes submetidos a prostatectomia radical não poupadora de nervos. Métodos Estudo qualitativo, descritivo-exploratório, baseado na fenomenologia hermenêutica. Foram realizadas dezesseis entrevistas em profundidade entre fevereiro e dezembro de 2017 e análise indutiva dos dados. Resultados Dois temas que refletem as experiências dos pacientes emergiram da análise: (1) As mudanças sexuais como fator-chave da resposta adaptativa, com os subtemas "Dificuldades sexuais após a cirurgia" e "Questões com relacionamentos íntimos e bem-estar psicossocial"; (2) Prostatectomia: a necessidade de adaptação a uma sexualidade holística, com os subtemas "Questionamento das experiências a partir do comportamento sexual atual" e "Adaptação da sexualidade e a intimidade após a cirurgia". Conclusão Pacientes submetidos à prostatectomia enfrentam dificuldades sexuais como disfunção erétil. Essas mudanças causam problemas nos relacionamentos sexuais e íntimos que afetam seu bem-estar. Diante dessa situação, alguns participantes questionam suas práticas sexuais habituais e tentam se adaptar a uma sexualidade holística não centrada no coito, incorporando formas inovadoras de sexualidade. Conhecer as experiências de homens submetidos a prostatectomia radical pode ajudar os profissionais de saúde a oferecer novas estratégias para lidar com as mudanças ambientais envolvidas na cirurgia da próstata.

Resumen Objetivo El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las experiencias y expectativas de pacientes sometidos a prostatectomía radical sin conservación de bandeletas neurovasculares. Métodos Estudio cualitativo, descriptivo-exploratorio, basado en la fenomenología hermenéutica. Se realizaron 16 entrevistas en profundidad entre febrero y diciembre de 2017 y un análisis inductivo de los datos. Resultados A partir del análisis, surgieron dos temas que reflejan las experiencias de los pacientes: (1) Los cambios sexuales como factor clave de la respuesta adaptativa, con dos subtemas "Dificultades sexuales después de la cirugía" y "Cuestiones sobre relaciones íntimas y bienestar psicosocial" y (2) Prostatectomía: necesidad de adaptación a una sexualidad holística, con los subtemas "Cuestionamiento de las experiencias a partir del comportamiento sexual actual" y "Adaptación de la sexualidad e intimidad después de la cirugía". Conclusión Los pacientes sometidos a prostatectomía enfrentan dificultades sexuales como disfunción eréctil. Estos cambios causan problemas en las relaciones sexuales e íntimas que afectan su bienestar. Ante esta situación, algunos participantes cuestionan sus prácticas sexuales habituales e intentan adaptarse a una sexualidad holística no centrada en el coito, incorporando formas innovadoras de sexualidad. Conocer las experiencias de hombres sometidos a prostatectomía radical puede ayudar a los profesionales de la salud a ofrecer nuevas estrategias para lidiar con los cambios ambientales relacionados con la cirugía de próstata.

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to explore the experiences and expectations of patients who underwent non-nerve sparing radical prostatectomy. Methods A qualitative descriptive, exploratory, study, based on hermeneutic phenomenology. Sixteen in-depth interviews were carried out between February and December 2017. An inductive analysis of data was performed. Results Two themes reflecting the patients' experiences emerged from the analysis: (1) Sexual changes as a key factor of the adaptive response, with the subthemes "Sexual difficulties after surgery" and "Issues with intimate relationships and psychosocial wellbeing". (2) Prostatectomy: the need of adaptation to a holistic sexuality, with the subthemes "Questioning the experiences from the current sexual behavior" and "Adapting sexuality and intimacy after surgery". Conclusion Patients undergoing prostatectomy face sexual difficulties such as erectile dysfunction. These changes cause problems in sexual and intimate relationships that affect their wellbeing. Given this situation, some participants question their usual sexual practices and try to adapt to a holistic sexuality not centered on coitus by incorporating innovative forms of sexuality. Knowing the experiences of men who underwent radical prostatectomy might help healthcare workers to provide new strategies for coping with the environmental changes involved in prostate surgery.