ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis have postural balance impairments due to uremic syndrome and hemodialysis complications. This study evaluated the factors associated with postural balance in patients on hemodialysis. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included patients on hemodialysis [n = 93, 62.0 (16.0) years]. Postural balance was evaluated using a force plate in a static position with eyes opened and eyes closed on a firm surface and with eyes opened on a foam surface to register the center of pressure path length. Physical function was assessed by isometric handgrip force, the 5-repetition sit-to-stand test, and gait speed. The level of physical activity and quality of life were evaluated by accelerometry and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, respectively. FINDINGS: After adjustment for potential confounders, the multiple linear regression analysis showed that the presence of diabetes mellitus and neurological disease and gait speed were significantly associated with the center of pressure path length in the eyes opened test (R2 = 0.263; p < 0.001). The center of pressure path length in the eyes closed test was significantly associated with the presence of neurological disease (R2 = 0.177; p = 0.002). The center of pressure path length in the eyes opened on a foam surface test was significantly associated with the presence of diabetes mellitus (R2 = 0.223; p < 0.001). INTERPRETATION: Poor postural balance was associated with the presence of diabetes mellitus and neurological disease and a slower gait speed in patients on hemodialysis.
Subject(s)
Hand Strength , Kidney Failure, Chronic , Humans , Cross-Sectional Studies , Quality of Life , Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Renal Dialysis , Postural BalanceABSTRACT
This study investigates the microstructural evolution and mechanical response of sputter-deposited amorphous silicon oxycarbide (SiOC)/crystalline Fe nanolaminates, a single layer SiOC film, and a single layer Fe film subjected to ion implantation at room temperature to obtain a maximum He concentration of 5 at. %. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy indicated no evidence of implantation-induced phase transformation or layer breakdown in the nanolaminates. Implantation resulted in the formation of He bubbles and an increase in the average size of the Fe grains in the individual Fe layers of the nanolaminates and the single layer Fe film, but the bubble density and grain size were found to be smaller in the former. By reducing the thicknesses of individual layers in the nanolaminates, bubble density and grain size were further decreased. No He bubbles were observed in the SiOC layers of the nanolaminates and the single layer SiOC film. Nanoindentation and scanning probe microscopy revealed an increase in the hardness of both single layer SiOC and Fe films after implantation. For the nanolaminates, changes in hardness were found to depend on the thicknesses of the individual layers, where reducing the layer thickness to 14 nm resulted in mitigation of implantation-induced hardening.
ABSTRACT
Ion irradiation is an alternative to heat treatment for transforming organic-inorganic thin films to a ceramic state. One major shortcoming in previous studies of ion-irradiated films is the assumption that constituent phases in ion-irradiated and heat-treated films are identical and that the ion irradiation effect is limited to changes in composition. In this study, we investigate the effects of ion irradiation on both the composition and structure of constituent phases and use the results to explain the measured elastic modulus of the films. The results indicated that the microstructure of the irradiated films consisted of carbon clusters within a silica matrix. It was found that carbon was present in a non-graphitic sp2-bonded configuration. It was also observed that ion irradiation caused a decrease in the Si-O-Si bond angle of silica, similar to the effects of applied pressure. A phase transformation from tetrahedrally bonded to octahedrally bonded silica was also observed. The results indicated the incorporation of carbon within the silica network. A combination of the decrease in Si-O-Si bond angle and an increase in the carbon incorporation within the silica network was found to be responsible for the increase in the elastic modulus of the films.
ABSTRACT
Pretendemos la sistematización de la Etnomedicina Boliviana en "Cuadros Básicos" de Plantas Medicinales vigentes, capaces de responder a las endemias y a las patologías propias de cada zona. Buscamos una medicina bio-psico-socio-cultural que se muestra como un servicio: eficaz, inocuo, serio, humano, complementario, quizás bilingüe y bicultural en cada región, que considere al hombre en su totalidad y se adapte a las costumbres y a la economía de los bolivianos. Pretendemos la articulación orgánica de la investigación y ciencia bolivianas con la experiencia autóctona y la participación popular, para lograr una farmacia y una estrategia propias en salud para cada una de las regiones bolivianas: Quechua, Aymara, Amazónica y Chaqueña. Quisiéremos poner fin a la histórica rivalidad de médicos y expertos en etnomedicina y continuar con los primeros pasos hacia una abierta, franca y amigable combinación de los subsistemas medicinales en una actitud horizontal, dialogante y mutuamente respetuosa. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Plants, Medicinal , Medicine, Traditional , Bolivia , Culturally Competent CareABSTRACT
Contiene: Estudio en el area ganadera del departamento de Santa Cruz: Las estancias ganaderas: su organizacion, relaciones de trabajo y conflictos sobre la propiedad; Descripcion de la region, El area de estudio, Breve historia de la ganaderia; Organizacion de las estancias ganaderas; Relaciones de trabajo y tenencia en las estancias ganaderas de la Chiquitania; Empresas ganaderas; Propiedades ganaderas medianas; Propiedades ganaderas pequeñas; Comunidades indigenas; Agricultores con tierra y agricultores sin tierra; Diferencias notables entre empresas, medianas y pequeñas; Aparceria de ganado; Enfasis de la agricultura; Incidencia de titulos de la Reforma Agraria; Cumplimiento con la legislacion laboral; Los conflictos de tenencia de tierra; Problemas de reforma Agraria en el area de la Chiquitania; Tierras fiscales
Subject(s)
Cattle , Animal Husbandry , LivestockABSTRACT
Indice: Vialidad prehispánica en el área andina y su vigencia actual. La vida urbana de los negos en La Paz en el Siglo XVIII. Historia social de los grupos originarios. Hotel París:Espectáculo y Sociedad en La Paz 1920-1930. Los orígenes del Aymara y el Kichua. La Etnofarmacología:Contribución de la Medicina Popular a la CIencia Moderna. Jamachínaka:Aves en un contexto Aymara. Crianza de la Uywa en la Sociedad Pastoril Aymara. El Jilaqata en el coqueo en los Andes. Derechos de los pueblos y naciones aymaras. Prospección etnológica preliminar en San José de Uchupiamonas, Provincia Iturralde, Departamento de La Paz. Tahuantinsuyo Fausto Raynaga Conversando con Víctor Hugo Cárdenas. Tiwulax Kunans Atipkaspapi (El zorro no puede vencer nunca) Una lectura de los cuentos del zorro. Primera visita a los Eseïejja. Lo nuestro usurpación o legado, un problema urbano. Amable Valle:Futuro sin pueblos. Los Ayllus de Calcha, persistencia y renovación. Participación y decisiones comunitarias:Las autoridades originarias de Pisaqéri, Tinkipaya. La recreación social del Aylly:El caso de los Yuras. Liquichiris y Kárisiris:Su relación con los pueblos pre-aymaras. Memoria y resistencia antilatifundista en la ribera del Lago Titikaka 1882'1950. La mujer en los proyectos de desarrollo rural. Dinámica social de los Quechuas en el Oriente Boliviano (caso:San Julián-Santa Cruz)
ABSTRACT
Este libro se debe en el sentido Recuperar al curandero y a la partera como amigos del médico, así como difundir tactos confiables tales como la preparación de pomadas, tinturas, fricciones y aceites de la medicina galénica .
