ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to assess the temporal relationship between pancreas transplant and the development of electrophysiological changes in the sciatic and caudal nerves of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Nerve conduction studies were performed in diabetic rats subjected to pancreas transplantation at 4, 12, and 24 weeks after diabetes onset, using non-diabetic and untreated diabetic rats as controls. Nerve conduction data were significantly altered in untreated diabetic control rats up to 48 weeks of follow-up in all time points. Rats subjected to pancreas transplantation up to 4 and 12 weeks after diabetes onset had significantly increased motor nerve conduction velocity with improvement of wave amplitude, distal latency, and temporal dispersion of compound muscle action potential in all follow-up periods (P<0.05); these parameters remained abnormal when pancreas transplantation were performed late at 24 weeks. Our results suggest that early pancreas transplant (at 4-12 weeks) may be effective in controlling diabetic neuropathy in this in vivo model.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/surgery , Diabetic Neuropathies/prevention & control , Motor Neurons/metabolism , Neural Conduction , Pancreas Transplantation , Sciatic Nerve/physiopathology , Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus/physiopathology , Alloxan , Animals , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology , Disease Progression , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Hyperglycemia/prevention & control , Male , Random Allocation , Rats , Rats, Inbred Lew , Sciatic Nerve/metabolism , Time Factors , Transplantation, Isogeneic , Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus/metabolismABSTRACT
PURPOSE: There is considerable evidence that cellular oxidative stress caused by hyperglycemia plays an important role in the genesis and evolution of chronic diabetic lesions. In this study, we determined the effectiveness of pancreas transplantation (PT) in preventing the imbalance caused by excessive production of reactive oxygen species over antioxidant defenses in lungs of rats rendered diabetic by alloxan injection. METHODS: Sixty inbred male Lewis rats, weighing 250-280 g, were randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups: NC, 20 nondiabetic control rats; DC, 20 untreated diabetic control rats; and PT, 20 diabetic rats that received syngeneic PT from normal donor Lewis rats. Each group was further divided into 2 subgroups of 10 rats each which were killed after 4 and 12 weeks of follow-up. Plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and insulin levels were determined in all rats. Lipid hydroperoxide (LPO) concentrations and enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were measured in the pulmonary tissue of all rats. RESULTS: The DC rats showed elevated blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels, with insulin blood levels significantly lower than the NC rats (P < .001). They also showed significantly increased LPO concentrations in the lungs (P < .01) after 4 and 12 weeks of follow-up. In contrast, SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px antioxidant activities were significantly reduced in these periods (P < .01) 12 weeks after diabetes induction. Successful PT corrected all clinical and metabolic changes in the diabetic rats, with sustained normoglycemia throughout the study. Excessive lung LPO production and low SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px antioxidant activities were already back to normal 4 weeks after PT. CONCLUSION: PT can control oxidative stress in pulmonary tissue of diabetic rats. It may be the basis for preventing chronic diabetic lesions in lungs.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/surgery , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Pancreas Transplantation/physiology , Animals , Antioxidants/metabolism , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Catalase/metabolism , Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism , Hyperglycemia/etiology , Lung/enzymology , Lung/physiopathology , Male , Pancreas Transplantation/methods , Rats , Rats, Inbred Lew , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Reference Values , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolismABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether pancreas transplantation (PT) is a suitable method for controlling histopathologic changes in lungs of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. METHODS: Sixty inbred male Lewis rats were randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups: NC, 20 nondiabetic control rats; DC, 20 untreated diabetic control rats; and PT, 20 diabetic rats that received syngeneic PT from normal donor Lewis rats. Each group was further divided into 2 subgroups of 10 rats each, which were killed after 4 and 12 weeks of follow-up. Clinical and laboratory parameters, fresh and fixed lung weights, and fixed lung volumes were recorded for all rats. Total number of alveoli, alveolar perimeter, alveolar surface area, and alveolar epithelial (AE) and endothelial capillary (EC) basal laminae thickening were randomly measured in 5 rats from each subgroup by using an image analyzer. For light microscopy, 250 alveoli were analyzed in each subgroup. For electron microscopy, 50 electron micrographs were examined for each subgroup. RESULTS: The DC rats showed elevated blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels, with insulin blood levels significantly lower than the NC rats (P < .001). Fresh and fixed lung weights and fixed volumes were significantly reduced in these rats, although their proportions to body weight were increased at 12 weeks (P < .01). The total number of alveoli in diabetic rats was higher than in control rats, whereas alveolar perimeter and surface area were significantly diminished (P < .01). AE and EC basal laminae were significantly thicker in DC than in NC (P < .01). Successful PT corrected all clinical and metabolic changes in diabetic rats, with sustained normoglycemia throughout the study. Morphologic and morphometric changes observed in diabetic lungs were completely prevented in PT rats from 4 weeks after transplant. CONCLUSION: We conclude that PT can control morphologic and ultrastructural changes in pulmonary parenchyma, suggesting a promising perspective for preventing other chronic diabetic lesions.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/surgery , Lung/pathology , Pancreas Transplantation/physiology , Animals , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology , Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism , Insulin/blood , Lung/physiopathology , Lung/ultrastructure , Lung Diseases/etiology , Lung Diseases/pathology , Lung Diseases/prevention & control , Male , Organ Size , Pulmonary Alveoli/pathology , Pulmonary Circulation , Rats , Rats, Inbred Lew , Transplantation, HomologousABSTRACT
We estimated the prevalence of celiac disease in children with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA), using antiendomysium antibodies as the screening test to select patients for intestinal biopsy. We studied 119 children with JCA and found four patients with antiendomysium antibodies. In three of these patients (2.5%), intestinal biopsy revealed villous atrophy; in the fourth the intestinal mucosa was normal. We conclude that the prevalence of celiac disease is increased in patients with JCA.
Subject(s)
Arthritis, Juvenile/complications , Celiac Disease/complications , Adolescent , Antibodies/analysis , Biopsy , Celiac Disease/immunology , Celiac Disease/pathology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Fluorescent Dyes , Humans , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Male , Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/immunology , Myofibrils/immunology , PrevalenceABSTRACT
Shoot tips from plants still in the vegetative growth phase were used as explants. They were sterilised with tetraciclin 1% for four minutes, sodium hypochloridre (commercial sanitary water with 5% of active cloride) 20% (v/v) for 15 minutes and alcohol 70 GL for 2 minutes. The explants were inoculated in a growth medium MS (Murashigue & Skoog), with different concentrations of CaCl2: a) 440; b) 880; c) 1,760; d) 2,640 and e) 3,520 mg/1. Explants were kept in a growth chamber at constant temperature (25°C ± 2°C) with a photo period of 16 hours. The explants in the medium modified with 1,760 mg/1 of CaCl2, presented the best results, with a vigorous growth and presence of intense green color on the leaves. The explants inoculated with 440 mg/1 de CaCl2 did not have a satisfactory growth after 10 days of incubation, presenting estiolation and low intensify of green color in the leaves. The explants inoculated with 3,520 mg/1 of CaCl2, also did not present satisfactory growth after 60 days of inoculation, probably due to an excess of calcium in the medium or chloride toxicity.
Este trabalho teve por finalidade verificar a influência do Cloreto de Cálcio (CaCl12) no crescimento de explantes de Gypsophila paniculata L., cultivados em meio de cultura a fim de fornecer subsídios para a micropropagação desta cultura. Foram utilizados como explantes somente as gemas apicais das plantas em fase de crescimento vegetativo. Os explantes foram inoculados em meio de cultura MS (Murashigue & Skoog) modificado com diferentes concentrações de CaCl2: a) 440; b) 880; c) 1.760; d) 2.640 e e) 3.520 mg/1. Os explantes foram deixados em câmara de crescimento sob uma temperatura constante de 25°C ± 2°C sob fotoperíodo de 16 horas. Os explantes do meio de cultura MS com 1.760 mg/1 de CaCl2 foram os de melhor resultado, com crescimento vigoroso e presença de coloração verde intensa nas folhas. Os explantes do meio de cultura MS com 440 mg/1 de CaCl2 não apresentaram um crescimento satisfatório, com estiolamento e coloração verde pouco intensa nas folhas; os explantes do meio de cultura MS com 3.520 mg/1 de CaCl2, também não apresentaram um crescimento satisfatório, pois com 10 dias de inoculação já se percebia uma menor indução no crescimento, podendo tal efeito ser conseqüência de dois fatores: excesso de cálcio no meio de cultura ou a toxidez ocasionada pelo cloro.
ABSTRACT
Shoot tips from plants still in the vegetative growth phase were used as explants. They were sterilised with tetraciclin 1% for four minutes, sodium hypochloridre (commercial sanitary water with 5% of active cloride) 20% (v/v) for 15 minutes and alcohol 70 GL for 2 minutes. The explants were inoculated in a growth medium MS (Murashigue & Skoog), with different concentrations of CaCl2: a) 440; b) 880; c) 1,760; d) 2,640 and e) 3,520 mg/1. Explants were kept in a growth chamber at constant temperature (25°C ± 2°C) with a photo period of 16 hours. The explants in the medium modified with 1,760 mg/1 of CaCl2, presented the best results, with a vigorous growth and presence of intense green color on the leaves. The explants inoculated with 440 mg/1 de CaCl2 did not have a satisfactory growth after 10 days of incubation, presenting estiolation and low intensify of green color in the leaves. The explants inoculated with 3,520 mg/1 of CaCl2, also did not present satisfactory growth after 60 days of inoculation, probably due to an excess of calcium in the medium or chloride toxicity.
Este trabalho teve por finalidade verificar a influência do Cloreto de Cálcio (CaCl12) no crescimento de explantes de Gypsophila paniculata L., cultivados em meio de cultura a fim de fornecer subsídios para a micropropagação desta cultura. Foram utilizados como explantes somente as gemas apicais das plantas em fase de crescimento vegetativo. Os explantes foram inoculados em meio de cultura MS (Murashigue & Skoog) modificado com diferentes concentrações de CaCl2: a) 440; b) 880; c) 1.760; d) 2.640 e e) 3.520 mg/1. Os explantes foram deixados em câmara de crescimento sob uma temperatura constante de 25°C ± 2°C sob fotoperíodo de 16 horas. Os explantes do meio de cultura MS com 1.760 mg/1 de CaCl2 foram os de melhor resultado, com crescimento vigoroso e presença de coloração verde intensa nas folhas. Os explantes do meio de cultura MS com 440 mg/1 de CaCl2 não apresentaram um crescimento satisfatório, com estiolamento e coloração verde pouco intensa nas folhas; os explantes do meio de cultura MS com 3.520 mg/1 de CaCl2, também não apresentaram um crescimento satisfatório, pois com 10 dias de inoculação já se percebia uma menor indução no crescimento, podendo tal efeito ser conseqüência de dois fatores: excesso de cálcio no meio de cultura ou a toxidez ocasionada pelo cloro.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of boron and zinc on the rooting of branch cuttings of two plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) cultivare Carmesim and Grancuore. In a previous phase four lines with twenty plants were selected for the application of boron, zinc, boron + zinc and control. The study on the rooting of branch cuttings was conducted at the Brotas County, São Paulo State, in a nursery with intermitent artificial mist conditions. Materials were collected in May/89, one part used to analyse reducing sugars, total sugars and total aminoacids and another part used for rooting test of branch cuttings. The results showed that Carmesin had a higher ability for rooting and there was interaction of cultivars with products (B, Zn and B + Zn) and the zinc, boron and boron-zinc increased total aminoacids in the two cultivars.
O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do boro (B) e do zinco (Zn) no teor de carboidratos solúveis, aminoácidos totais e no enraizamento de estacas de ramos dos cultivares Carmesim e Grancuore de ameixeira (Prunas salicina Lindl.). Para a aplicação dos tratamentos houve uma fase preliminar que constou da seleção e identificação de quatro filas com vinte plantas cada uma e alternadas com filas de bordadora, que receberam os tratamentos com bórax (B), sulfato de zinco (Zn), bórax mais sulfato de zinco (B + Zn) e controle. O experimento para enraizamento de estacas de ramos foi realizado em viveiros com nebulização intermitente, no município de Brotas,SP. A coleta de material para avaliação do efeito dos tratamentos com boro, zinco, boro mais zinco e controle, foi executada em maio de 1989, quando parte deste material foi utilizado para determinação de açúcares redutores, açúcares totais e aminoácidos totais e outra parte utilizada para o enraizamento de estacas. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o cultivar Carmesim apresentou maior facilidade para enraizar e houve interação entre cultivar com produto (B, Zn, e B + Zn) e aumento no teor de aminoácidos totais.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of four concentrations of indolbutyric acid on the rooting of plum branch cuttings (Prunus salicina, Lindl.) collected from plants treated with borax and zinc sulfate, in four periods. The experiments were conducted in a nursery with intermitent artificial mist conditions. The results showed a positive effect of cultivars, periods and IBA concentrations, and there was no effect of either borax or zinc sulfate on rooting of branch cuttings.
O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de quatro concentrações de ácido indolbutírico (IBA), no enraizamento de estacas de ramos de ameixeira (Prunus salicina, Lindl.), coletadas de plantas tratadas com bórax e sulfato de zinco e controle, executado em quatro épocas. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em viveiros, sob condição de nebulização artificial intermitente. Os resultados obtidos mostram a influência de cultivar, época e concentração de IBA, não sendo verificado efeito de bórax ou sulfato de zinco na percentagem de estacas enraizadas.
ABSTRACT
Nitrogen and potassium were applied with and withoult phosphorus to rubber seedlings at various rates and intervals prior to and after root stock pruning in an attempt to observe budding uniformity and stunting. The use of fertilizers pos-grafting was effective in promoting seedling growth and vigor. Uniformity, vigor and precocity of first whorl was related to fertilizing stocks 15 days prior to pruning, but the better at the 2nd whorld stage was obtained in stocks receiving NPK 30 days after pruning.
Com o objetivo de obter informações, que visem solucionar o grave problema de desuniformidade na brotação da gema do enxerto e do crescimento atrofiado desta após a decepagem da parte aérea do porta-enxerto, foram aplicados N e K na presença e ausência de P, em adubações regulares e variáveis, em diferentes datas antes e após a decepagem da parte aérea do porta-enxerto (mudas formadas diretamente em sacos de plástico). A adubação no período de pós-enxertia, mostrou-se extremamente necessária para o crescimento e vigor das mudas. Em relação à época, a adubação feita na data da decepagem do porta-enxerto, não apresentou resultados satisfatórios. A antecipação na emissão, uniformidade e vigor do 1° lançamento foliar, foram obtidos quando as plantas foram adubadas aos 15 dias antes da decepagem e eliminação da parte aérea do porta-enxerto. As maiores taxas de crescimento e uniformidade das plantas e vigor do 2° lançamento, ocorreram nas plantas adubadas com NPK, aos 30 dias após a decepagem do porta-enxerto.
ABSTRACT
Nitrogen and potassium were applied with and withoult phosphorus to rubber seedlings at various rates and intervals prior to and after root stock pruning in an attempt to observe budding uniformity and stunting. The use of fertilizers pos-grafting was effective in promoting seedling growth and vigor. Uniformity, vigor and precocity of first whorl was related to fertilizing stocks 15 days prior to pruning, but the better at the 2nd whorld stage was obtained in stocks receiving NPK 30 days after pruning.
Com o objetivo de obter informações, que visem solucionar o grave problema de desuniformidade na brotação da gema do enxerto e do crescimento atrofiado desta após a decepagem da parte aérea do porta-enxerto, foram aplicados N e K na presença e ausência de P, em adubações regulares e variáveis, em diferentes datas antes e após a decepagem da parte aérea do porta-enxerto (mudas formadas diretamente em sacos de plástico). A adubação no período de pós-enxertia, mostrou-se extremamente necessária para o crescimento e vigor das mudas. Em relação à época, a adubação feita na data da decepagem do porta-enxerto, não apresentou resultados satisfatórios. A antecipação na emissão, uniformidade e vigor do 1° lançamento foliar, foram obtidos quando as plantas foram adubadas aos 15 dias antes da decepagem e eliminação da parte aérea do porta-enxerto. As maiores taxas de crescimento e uniformidade das plantas e vigor do 2° lançamento, ocorreram nas plantas adubadas com NPK, aos 30 dias após a decepagem do porta-enxerto.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of four concentrations of indolbutyric acid on the rooting of plum branch cuttings (Prunus salicina, Lindl.) collected from plants treated with borax and zinc sulfate, in four periods. The experiments were conducted in a nursery with intermitent artificial mist conditions. The results showed a positive effect of cultivars, periods and IBA concentrations, and there was no effect of either borax or zinc sulfate on rooting of branch cuttings.
O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de quatro concentrações de ácido indolbutírico (IBA), no enraizamento de estacas de ramos de ameixeira (Prunus salicina, Lindl.), coletadas de plantas tratadas com bórax e sulfato de zinco e controle, executado em quatro épocas. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em viveiros, sob condição de nebulização artificial intermitente. Os resultados obtidos mostram a influência de cultivar, época e concentração de IBA, não sendo verificado efeito de bórax ou sulfato de zinco na percentagem de estacas enraizadas.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of boron and zinc on the rooting of branch cuttings of two plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) cultivare Carmesim and Grancuore. In a previous phase four lines with twenty plants were selected for the application of boron, zinc, boron + zinc and control. The study on the rooting of branch cuttings was conducted at the Brotas County, São Paulo State, in a nursery with intermitent artificial mist conditions. Materials were collected in May/89, one part used to analyse reducing sugars, total sugars and total aminoacids and another part used for rooting test of branch cuttings. The results showed that Carmesin had a higher ability for rooting and there was interaction of cultivars with products (B, Zn and B + Zn) and the zinc, boron and boron-zinc increased total aminoacids in the two cultivars.
O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do boro (B) e do zinco (Zn) no teor de carboidratos solúveis, aminoácidos totais e no enraizamento de estacas de ramos dos cultivares Carmesim e Grancuore de ameixeira (Prunas salicina Lindl.). Para a aplicação dos tratamentos houve uma fase preliminar que constou da seleção e identificação de quatro filas com vinte plantas cada uma e alternadas com filas de bordadora, que receberam os tratamentos com bórax (B), sulfato de zinco (Zn), bórax mais sulfato de zinco (B + Zn) e controle. O experimento para enraizamento de estacas de ramos foi realizado em viveiros com nebulização intermitente, no município de Brotas,SP. A coleta de material para avaliação do efeito dos tratamentos com boro, zinco, boro mais zinco e controle, foi executada em maio de 1989, quando parte deste material foi utilizado para determinação de açúcares redutores, açúcares totais e aminoácidos totais e outra parte utilizada para o enraizamento de estacas. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o cultivar Carmesim apresentou maior facilidade para enraizar e houve interação entre cultivar com produto (B, Zn, e B + Zn) e aumento no teor de aminoácidos totais.
ABSTRACT
O trabalho consiste no estudo de trinta e um paciente apresentando anquilose temporo-mandibular que foram tratados cirurgicamente pela tecnica do Dr. Edgard Costa, na qual a via de acesso permite boa visualizacao dos ramos mandibulares e avaliacao exata do local a ser osteotomizado,com emprego de bloco de silicone interposto entre as duas porcoes osseas,de forma a permitir boa fixacao de uma pseudo-articulacao, obtendo-se resultado imediato. A tecnica promove o alongamento da mandibula e melhora a abertura da boca, melhor higiene dentaria, facilidade na colocacao de proteses dentarias alem da melhora na aparencia do paciente e integracao na sociedade