ABSTRACT
As populações humanas que ocupam florestas tropicais convivem com grande diversidade biológica e de seu repertório cultural destacam-se as práticas relacionadas ao uso popular de plantas para fins medicinais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi traçar um panorama sobre o uso de plantas medicinais por populações tradicionais da Mata Atlântica no estado da Bahia, Nordeste do Brasil, buscando valorizar o potencial etnofarmacológico local e contribuir para novas pesquisas fitoterápicas. Para isso foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico documental em repositórios virtuais sobre os estudos etnobotânicos já realizados, sobre o uso de plantas medicinais na cura e tratamento de doenças por comunidades tradicionais e campesinas desta região. Foram encontradas 21 referências sobre o uso de plantas medicinais por comunidades tradicionais e campesinas localizadas no estado da Bahia, das quais nove referem-se exclusivamente a Floresta Atlântica totalizando 276 espécies distribuídas em 77 famílias botânicas. A realização desse estudo permitiu a visão rápida e abrangente da produção científica envolvendo os conhecimentos tradicionais sobre o uso de plantas medicinais no atendimento primário a saúde e contribui para a valorização cultural associada ao desenvolvimento educacional e cientíï¬co que envolve o conhecimento empírico de populações tradicionais.(AU)
Human populations that occupy tropical forests coexist with great biological diversity and its cultural repertoire there are the practices related to the popular use of plants for medicinal purposes. The aim of this study was to establish an overview of the use of medicinal plants for traditional populations of the Atlantic Forest in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil, seeking to exploit the potential site ethnopharmacological and contribute to new herbal research. To this was accomplished a bibliographical and documentary survey on virtual repositories on ethnobotanical studies conducted on the use of medicinal plants in the cure and treatment of diseases by traditional and peasant communities of this region. 21 references were found on the use of medicinal plants for traditional and rural communities located in the state of Bahia, nine of which refer exclusively to the Atlantic Forest totaling 276 species in 77 plant families. The present study allowed the rapid and comprehensive overview of the scientific production involving traditional knowledge on the use of medicinal plants in primary care health and contributes to the cultural value associated with educational development and scientific involving empirical knowledge of traditional populations.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Plants, Medicinal , Ethnobotany/organization & administration , Scientific and Technical Publications , Phytotherapy , Brazil/ethnologyABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to identify the sites of accumulation of Cr in the species of macrophytes that are abundant in the Cachoeira river, namely, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Borreria scabiosoides, Polygonum ferrugineum and Eichhornia crassipes. Plants were grown in nutritive solution supplemented with 0.25 and 50 mg l(-1) of CrCl(3)·6H(2)O. Samples of plant tissues were digested with HNO(3)/HCl in a closed-vessel microwave system and the concentrations of Cr determined using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The ultrastructure of root, stem and leaf tissue was examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) in order to determine the sites of accumulation of Cr and to detect possible alterations in cell organelles induced by the presence of the metal. Chromium accumulated principally in the roots of the four macrophytes (8.6-30 mg kg(-1) dw), with much lower concentrations present in the stems and leaves (3.8-8.6 and 0.01-9.0 mg kg(-1) dw, respectively). Within root tissue, Cr was present mainly in the vacuoles of parenchyma cells and cell walls of xylem and parenchyma. Alterations in the shape of the chloroplasts and nuclei were detected in A. philoxeroides and B. scabiosoides, suggesting a possible application of these aquatic plants as biomarkers from Cr contamination.