Draft Genome Sequence of Seven Pigmented Strains of Xanthomonas citri pv. anacardii, the Causal Agent of Cashew Angular Spot.

Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) angular leaf spot is caused by pigmented and non-pigmented strains of Xanthomonas citri pv. anacardii, which have been isolated from infected plants in Brazil. The disease symptoms can be observed in leaves, stems, and fruits. Given that infection in young fruits results in fruits unsuitable for commercialization, angular leaf spot represents a serious threat to the cashew crop in Brazil. Here, we report the genomic sequencing of seven pigmented strains of X. citri pv. anacardii, obtained from the leaves of cashew trees from São Paulo state, Brazil, in 2009. The construction of the libraries was carried out according to the manufacturer, and whole-genome sequencing was performed using the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. Genome size, number of coding sequences, largest contig length, and N50 ranged from 4,996,984 to 5,003,485 bp, 4,621 to 4,643 bp, 212,513 to 362,232 bp, and 113,582 to 141,003 bp, respectively. GC content and RNA numbers were 64.68% and 54, respectively, for all strains. ANIm and dDDH analyses showed values above 99.5 and 92.1% among these strains and the non-pigmented pathotype strain of X. citri pv. anacardii (IBSBF2579PT). A maximum likelihood tree built with 2,708 core genes grouped all X. citri pv. anacardii strains in the same clade, with a 100% bootstrap. These resources will contribute in a relevant way to help understand the ecological, taxonomic, evolutionary, pathogenicity, and virulence aspects of X. citri pv. anacardii, which will be useful for the study and development of techniques for managing cashew angular leaf spot.

Early administration of fibrinogen concentrate in patients with polytrauma with thromboelastometry suggestive of hypofibrinogenemia: A randomized feasibility trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effects of early administration of fibrinogen concentrate in patients with severe trauma and hypofibrinogenemia. METHODS: We conducted an open randomized feasibility trial between December 2015 and January 2017 in patients with severe trauma admitted to the emergency department of a large trauma center. Patients presented with hypotension, tachycardia, and FIBTEM findings suggestive of hypofibrinogenemia. The intervention group received fibrinogen concentrate (50 mg/kg), and the control group did not receive early fibrinogen replacement. The primary outcome was feasibility assessed as the proportion of patients receiving the allocated treatment within 60 min after randomization. The secondary outcomes were transfusion requirements and other exploratory outcomes. Randomization was performed using sequentially numbered and sealed opaque envelopes. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02864875. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients were randomized (16 in each group). All patients received the allocated treatment within 60 min after randomization (100%, 95% confidence interval, 86.7%-100%). The median length of intensive care unit stay was shorter in the intervention group (8 days, interquartile range [IQR] 5.75-10.0 vs. 11 days, IQR 8.5-16.0; p=0.02). There was no difference between the groups in other clinical outcomes. No adverse effects related to treatment were recorded in either group. CONCLUSION: Early fibrinogen replacement with fibrinogen concentrate was feasible. Larger trials are required to properly evaluate clinical outcomes.

The SistematX Web Portal of Natural Products: An Update.

Natural products and their secondary metabolites are promising starting points for the development of drug prototypes and new drugs, as many current treatments for numerous diseases are directly or indirectly related to such compounds. State-of-the-art, curated, integrated, and frequently updated databases of secondary metabolites are thus highly relevant to drug discovery. The SistematX Web Portal, introduced in 2018, is undergoing development to address this need and documents crucial information about plant secondary metabolites, including the exact location of the species from which the compounds were isolated. SistematX also allows registered users to log in to the data management area and gain access to administrative pages. This study reports recent updates and modifications to the SistematX Web Portal, including a batch download option, the generation and visualization of 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, and the calculation of physicochemical (drug-like and lead-like) properties and biological activity profiles. The SistematX Web Portal is freely available at http://sistematx.ufpb.br.

Early administration of fibrinogen concentrate in patients with polytrauma with thromboelastometry suggestive of hypofibrinogenemia: A randomized feasibility trial

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effects of early administration of fibrinogen concentrate in patients with severe trauma and hypofibrinogenemia. METHODS: We conducted an open randomized feasibility trial between December 2015 and January 2017 in patients with severe trauma admitted to the emergency department of a large trauma center. Patients presented with hypotension, tachycardia, and FIBTEM findings suggestive of hypofibrinogenemia. The intervention group received fibrinogen concentrate (50 mg/kg), and the control group did not receive early fibrinogen replacement. The primary outcome was feasibility assessed as the proportion of patients receiving the allocated treatment within 60 min after randomization. The secondary outcomes were transfusion requirements and other exploratory outcomes. Randomization was performed using sequentially numbered and sealed opaque envelopes. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02864875. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients were randomized (16 in each group). All patients received the allocated treatment within 60 min after randomization (100%, 95% confidence interval, 86.7%-100%). The median length of intensive care unit stay was shorter in the intervention group (8 days, interquartile range [IQR] 5.75-10.0 vs. 11 days, IQR 8.5-16.0; p=0.02). There was no difference between the groups in other clinical outcomes. No adverse effects related to treatment were recorded in either group. CONCLUSION: Early fibrinogen replacement with fibrinogen concentrate was feasible. Larger trials are required to properly evaluate clinical outcomes.

Eficacia de la onda corta para la rehabilitación en pacientes con lumbalgia / Efficacy of short wave for rehabilitation in patients with low back pain

El dolor de la lumbargia aparece por mecanismos neurológico que implica la activación de los nervios que transmiten el dolor y el desencadenamiento de la conducta muscular y la inflamación. Esta investigación tiene el objetivo de valorar la importancia del tratamiento con onda corta en pacientes con lumbalgia.

Mensuração da pressão intracraniana e desfechos em curto prazo de pacientes com lesão encefálica traumática: uma análise de propensão pareada / Measurement of intracranial pressure and short-term outcomes of patients with traumatic brain injury: a propensity-matched analysis

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto do monitoramento da pressão intracraniana nos desfechos em curto prazo de pacientes com lesão encefálica traumática. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo e observacional que incluiu 299 pacientes consecutivos admitidos por lesão cerebral traumática entre janeiro de 2011 e julho de 2012 em um centro de trauma Nível 1 localizado em São Paulo (SP). Os pacientes foram categorizados em dois grupos, segundo a mensuração da pressão intracraniana (grupos com mensuração da pressão intracraniana e sem mensuração da pressão intracraniana). Aplicamos uma análise de propensão pareada para ajustar quanto a possíveis fatores de confusão (variáveis contidas no algoritmo prognóstico CRASH Score). Resultados: A mortalidade global aos 14 dias (16%) foi equivalente à observada em países desenvolvidos no estudo CRASH, e melhor que o previsto com base na calculadora de escore CRASH (20,6%), com uma proporção padronizada de mortalidade de 0,77. No total, 28 pacientes receberam monitoramento da pressão intracraniana (grupo com mensuração da pressão intracraniana), dos quais 26 foram pareados em proporção 1:1 com pacientes do grupo sem mensuração da pressão intracraniana. Não houve melhora no grupo com mensuração da pressão intracraniana em comparação àquele sem mensuração da pressão intracraniana quanto à mortalidade hospitalar, à mortalidade aos 14 dias, ou à mortalidade combinada hospitalar e em hospital de retaguarda. A sobrevivência até 14 dias foi também similar entre os grupos. Conclusão: Os pacientes que receberam monitoramento da pressão intracraniana tendem a ser portadores de lesões encefálicas mais graves. Porém, após ajustar quanto a múltiplos fatores de confusão com a utilização de um escore de propensão, não se observou qualquer benefício em termos de sobrevivência entre os pacientes com monitoramento da pressão intracraniana em relação aos tradados segundo um protocolo clínico sistematizado.

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the impact of intracranial pressure monitoring on the short-term outcomes of traumatic brain injury patients. Methods: Retrospective observational study including 299 consecutive patients admitted due to traumatic brain injury from January 2011 through July 2012 at a Level 1 trauma center in São Paulo, Brazil. Patients were categorized in two groups according to the measurement of intracranial pressure (measured intracranial pressure and non-measured intracranial pressure groups). We applied a propensity-matched analysis to adjust for possible confounders (variables contained in the Crash Score prognostic algorithm). Results: Global mortality at 14 days (16%) was equal to that observed in high-income countries in the CRASH Study and was better than expected based on the CRASH calculator score (20.6%), with a standardized mortality ratio of 0.77. A total of 28 patients received intracranial pressure monitoring (measured intracranial pressure group), of whom 26 were paired in a 1:1 fashion with patients from the non-measured intracranial pressure group. There was no improvement in the measured intracranial pressure group compared to the non-measured intracranial pressure group regarding hospital mortality, 14-day mortality, or combined hospital and chronic care facility mortality. Survival up to 14 days was also similar between groups. Conclusion: Patients receiving intracranial pressure monitoring tend to have more severe traumatic brain injuries. However, after adjusting for multiple confounders using propensity scoring, no benefits in terms of survival were observed among intracranial pressure-monitored patients and those managed with a systematic clinical protocol.

Measurement of intracranial pressure and short-term outcomes of patients with traumatic brain injury: a propensity-matched analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of intracranial pressure monitoring on the short-term outcomes of traumatic brain injury patients. METHODS: Retrospective observational study including 299 consecutive patients admitted due to traumatic brain injury from January 2011 through July 2012 at a Level 1 trauma center in São Paulo, Brazil. Patients were categorized in two groups according to the measurement of intracranial pressure (measured intracranial pressure and non-measured intracranial pressure groups). We applied a propensity-matched analysis to adjust for possible confounders (variables contained in the Crash Score prognostic algorithm). RESULTS: Global mortality at 14 days (16%) was equal to that observed in high-income countries in the CRASH Study and was better than expected based on the CRASH calculator score (20.6%), with a standardized mortality ratio of 0.77. A total of 28 patients received intracranial pressure monitoring (measured intracranial pressure group), of whom 26 were paired in a 1:1 fashion with patients from the non-measured intracranial pressure group. There was no improvement in the measured intracranial pressure group compared to the non-measured intracranial pressure group regarding hospital mortality, 14-day mortality, or combined hospital and chronic care facility mortality. Survival up to 14 days was also similar between groups. CONCLUSION: Patients receiving intracranial pressure monitoring tend to have more severe traumatic brain injuries. However, after adjusting for multiple confounders using propensity scoring, no benefits in terms of survival were observed among intracranial pressure-monitored patients and those managed with a systematic clinical protocol.