ABSTRACT
We report a case of a patient with uterine leiomyosarcoma. At MRI imaging, the patient was found to have a bilobed uterine mass with two components. While the caudal portion of the mass had the MRI appearance of a simple leiomyoma, the cephalad component showed atypical degeneration with an irregular contour. Malignant degeneration of a leiomyoma was confirmed by operative and histologic examination. We conclude that malignant degeneration should be considered on MR images of any degenerated leiomyoma showing an irregular contour.
Subject(s)
Leiomyosarcoma/diagnosis , Uterine Neoplasms/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Leiomyoma/pathology , Leiomyosarcoma/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Middle Aged , Uterine Neoplasms/pathology , Uterus/pathologyABSTRACT
According to current anatomy textbooks, the diaphragmatic medial and lateral arcuate ligaments are attached to the transverse process of the first lumbar vertebra. In dissections of 15 human cadavers we found both arcuate ligaments attached to the transverse process of L2 (10 cases and L3 (5 cases). In no case were they attached to the transverse process of L1.
Subject(s)
Diaphragm/anatomy & histology , Ligaments/anatomy & histology , Lumbar Vertebrae/anatomy & histology , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
In a study of 525 dry mandibles and dissections in 50 cadavers, the mental foramen (MF) was found: single in 94.67% of the cases and multiple in 5.33%. Its shape was round in 34.48% with an average diameter of 1.68 mm and oval in 65.52% with an average long diameter of 2.37 mm. In 43.66% the MF was located in front of the apex of the root of the second premolar. In children before tooth eruption, the MF is somewhat closer to the alveolar margin; during the eruption period, the MF descends to half way between the margins, and in adults with the teeth preserved, the MF is somewhat closer to the inferior border. With loss of teeth and bone resorption the MF moves upwards closer to the alveolar border. In extreme cases of resorption the MF and the adjacent part of the mandibular canal are open at the alveolar margin. In the dissections the findings were similar. The mental nerve emerged from the MF closer to or at the alveolar border, according to the degree of resorption. In extreme degrees of resorption, the mental nerve and the final part of the inferior alveolar nerve were found directly under the gums. In these cases, the vestibular grooves became very shallow, and the mucosa passed directly from the cheeks over the alveolar ridge. Practical implications of the changes of the MF and mental nerve are discussed.
Subject(s)
Aging , Chin/innervation , Lip/innervation , Mandible/anatomy & histology , Skin/innervation , Adolescent , Adult , Bone Resorption , Child , Child, Preschool , Dentition , Humans , Mandible/innervation , Middle Aged , Nervous System/anatomy & histologyABSTRACT
64 human cadaver legs were dissected to determine the frequency of occurrence of all types of insertions of the Tibialis Anterior muscle. Accessory insertions were found in 21.7% of the legs, a value much higher than has been documented by most of the researchers. All variations of accessory insertions of the muscle were found, sometimes in unusual combinations.
Subject(s)
Muscles/anatomy & histology , Tibia/anatomy & histology , Cadaver , Female , Humans , Male , Muscles/abnormalitiesABSTRACT
A deficiency in the mylohyoid muscle, usually with a herniation of part of the sublingual gland and fat tissue through it, was present in 82 (27.3%) of 300 half-heads dissected. In 17 (11.3%) of the cadavers the condition was bilateral. The hiatus appeared as a transverse fissure between the fibers or as a broader round or oval opening. In some cases the herniation was found constricted at its base; in others the base was broad. The importance of these herniations for diagnostic and surgical purposes is stressed, and the possible factors in their development are analyzed.
