ABSTRACT
Luminescence methods for non-contact temperature monitoring have evolved through improvements of hardware and sensor materials. Future advances in this field rely on the development of multimodal sensing capabilities of temperature probes and extend the temperature range across which they operate. The family of Cr-doped oxides appears particularly promising and we review their luminescence characteristics in light of their application in non-contact measurements of temperature over the 5-300 K range. Multimodal sensing utilizes the intensity ratio of emission lines, their wavelength shift, and the scintillation decay time constant. We carried out systematic studies of the temperature-induced changes in the luminescence of the Cr3+-doped oxides Al2O3, Ga2O3, Y3Al5O12, and YAlO3. The mechanism responsible for the temperature-dependent luminescence characteristic is discussed in terms of relevant models. It is shown that the thermally-induced processes of particle exchange, governing the dynamics of Cr3+ ion excited state populations, require low activation energy. This then translates into tangible changes of a luminescence parameter with temperature. We compare different schemes of temperature sensing and demonstrate that Ga2O3-Cr is a promising material for non-contact measurements at cryogenic temperatures. A temperature resolution better than ±1 K can be achieved by monitoring the luminescence intensity ratio (40-140 K) and decay time constant (80-300 K range).
ABSTRACT
Nano- and microceramics of Gd3Ga5O12 garnet doped with 1 mol % Tb3+ ions were synthesized via co-precipitation and high-temperature solid-state reaction methods. X-ray diffraction measurements confirmed the formation of the garnet structure with Ia3d space group in all investigated samples. Atomic force microscopy surface images and grain-size distribution diagrams of Gd3Ga5O12: 1 mol % Tb3+ nanoceramics with 300 and 400 g/mol of polyethylene glycol (PEG) were obtained. The relationship between the content of polyethylene glycol and the particle size of Gd3Ga5O12: Tb3+ phosphors was revealed. An intense broad band (λ m = 266 nm) related to spin-allowed 4f 8-4f 75d 1 transitions of Tb3+ ions was found in photoluminescence excitation spectra of Gd3Ga5O12: Tb3+ nanocrystalline ceramics with PEG-300 and PEG-400 at 300 K. The broad excitation band caused by spin-forbidden (λ m = 295 nm) 4f-5d transitions in Tb3+ ions was additionally observed in the photoluminescence excitation spectra of Gd3Ga5O12: Tb3+ microceramics. Emission of Tb3+ ions under X-ray and UV excitations is presented by two groups of sharp lines which correspond to 5D3 and 5D4 â 7Fj transitions of Tb3+ ions with the most intense line at 546 nm (5D4 â 7F5). It was established that the increasing of PEG content leads to the decreasing of the X-ray and photoluminescence emission intensities.
ABSTRACT
The effect of the external electric field of 105 V/m on the ordering of two luminescent liquid crystalline molecules (1-pentyl-2/,3/-difluoro-3///-methyl-4////-octyl-p-quinguephenyl and 9,10-Bis (4-pentylphenylethynyl)antracene) during thermal vacuum deposition is studied. The morphology, electrical conductivity, optical absorption, luminescence spectra, and polarization are presented and analyzed. All data show the formation of ordered films. The polarization degree is 60% for 1-pentyl-2/,3/-difluoro-3///-methyl-4////-octyl-p-quinguephenyl oriented films and 28% for 9,10-Bis (4-pentylphenylethynyl)antracene. The lower value of M2 luminescence polarization can be explained by the absence of dipole moment in this molecule.
