Premature Emulsification of Silicone Oil After Retinal Detachment Repair in the Setting of High-Intensity Exercise.

PURPOSE: To describe a rare case of silicone oil emulsification which occurred only three months postoperatively. We discuss the implications for postoperative counseling. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of a single patient. RESULTS: 39-year-old female who presented with a right eye macula-on retinal detachment which was repaired with scleral buckle, vitrectomy, and silicone oil tamponade. Her course was complicated by extensive silicone oil emulsification within 3 months postoperatively, most likely due to shear forces induced by her daily CrossFit exercise regimen. CONCLUSION: Typical postoperative precautions after a retinal detachment repair include no heavy lifting or strenuous activity for one week. These restrictions may need to be more stringent and long-term for patients with silicone oil to prevent early emulsification.

Short-term cardiovascular physical programme ameliorates arterial stiffness and decreases oxidative stress in women with metabolic syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of a short-term cardiovascular physical programme on the metabolic, anthropometric and oxidative stress parameters of women with metabolic syndrome. METHODS: Thirty sedentary female patients, age range 30-60 years, were invited to participate in a 6-week cardiovascular physical programme. The training consisted of 60-min sessions of aerobic and strength exercises performed 3 times a week; a total of 18 sessions. Anthropometric data, functional exercise capacity, general biochemical profile, serum lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in erythrocytes were evaluated according to standardized protocols. Peripheral vascular function was assessed using applanation tonometry. All assessments were performed before and after the training programme. RESULTS: The physical programme proved effective in improving the distance covered in the 6-min walk test and in reducing arterial pressure levels, pulse pressure and the Augmentation Index, without modifying heart rate. The plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels, indicators of oxidative stress, were significantly decreased after the programme. Superoxide dismutase activity was increased in erythrocyte lysates, with no significant change in catalase activity. Waist circumference was significantly decreased compared with baseline. The distance covered in the 6-min walk test was significantly greater after the short-term cardiovascular training. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that short-term combined aerobic and strength training may represent an important non-pharmacological approach for treating individuals with metabolic syndrome.

The prevalence of obesity and its determinants in urban and rural aging Mexican populations.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of obesity and its association to different variables in urban and rural older Mexican populations. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: A cross-sectional study of three different Mexican communities. A total of 121 men and 223 women 60 years and older and 93 men and 180 women aged 35 to 59 years old were selected randomly for inclusion in the survey. A personal interview assessed demographic information, personal medical history and functional status and a 24-hour diet recall was obtained. The physical examination included anthropometric and blood pressure measurements. A fasting blood sample was obtained for measurements of lipids, insulin and glucose. RESULTS: Obesity was highly prevalent in women, in individuals from the urban communities and diminished with advancing age. A BMI > or =30 kg/m2 was observed in 23.6% younger vs. 15.6% older adult men (p=0.21) and 28.4% younger vs. 19.7% older adult women (p = 0.06). The association of obesity with other variables was estimated using a stepwise multivariate logistic regression, increased insulin levels [Odds Ratio (OR) 1.68, p=0.006] and living in an urban area (OR 5.90, p<0.007) were variables independently associated to obesity in adult older individuals. In the younger adults, obesity was associated with hypertension (OR 2.74, p<0.0009), higher insulin levels (OR 1.31, p<0.03) and central adiposity (OR 2.97, p = 0.05), these relationship were not observed with gender, distribution of food or alcohol intake or other coronary risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The present survey confirms the high prevalence of obesity in the Mexican urban population that declines with advanced age. Studies in elderly population must consider the bias produced by increased early mortality in those individuals with a more unfavorable risk profile.

Efeito de Rs1 e Rs2 de soros de pacientes com hanseníase na cultura de linfócitos / The effect of seric Rs1 and Rs2 from Hansen's disease (HD) patients in lymphocytes cultures

No presente trabalho foi analisado efeito de receptores solúveis para E de pesos moleculares distintos (Rs1 e Rs2), presentes em níveis elevados em soros de pacientes com hanseníase, na cultura de linfócitos estimulados com fitohemaglutinina (PHA). Foram realizadas culturas de linfócitos de pacientes com hanseníase na forma lepromatosa (LV), na forma tuberculóide (LT) e linfócitos de indivíduos normais (LN), tratados com fraçöes de Rs1 e Rs2 adsorvidas com E (para adsorver Rs) e com hemácias de carneiro tripsinizadas (ET). Foi utilizado meio RPMI, contendo 10 porcento de soro bovino fetal, penicilina, estreptomicina, herpes a 37§C, com 5 porcento de tensäo de CO2, durante 72 horas. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram maior resposta proliferativa nas fraçöes Rs1 e Rs2 absorvidas com E, em relaçäo às fraçöes absorvidas com ET. Adicionalmente foram realizadas cultura de linfócitos com Rs1 e Rs2 previamente purificados, observando-se também inibiçäo na resposta linfoproliferativa à PHA. Esses resultados sugerem que tanto Rs1 como Rs2 apresentam atividade inibitória na resposta linfoproliferativa à PHA, tanto com linfócitos de pacientes com hanseníase na forma lepromatosa ou tuberculóide, bem como linfócitos de doadores normais

Extracción de la pepsina aviar (EC 3.423.1) y su utilización como substituto de la quimosina en la elaboración de queso blanco pasteurizado / Extraction of avian pepsin (EC 3.423.1) its utilization as chymosin substitute when the making white pasteurized cheese

Se extrajo pepsina aviar a partir de estómagos glandulares de aves, para ser utilizada como substituto de la quimosina en a elaboración de queso blanco pasteurizado. La enzima extraida demostró poseer un rendimiento de 4,3 g de pepsina aviar liofilizada por cada kilogramo de estómagos glandulares, y una actividad coagulante, sobre el substrato de Berridge, ocho veces superior a la quimosina utilizada como patrón de referencia. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la composición química ni en la calidad organoléptica de los quesos fabricados, cuando se utilizó pepsina aviar, quimosina aviar, quimosina y la mezcla de ambos. Demostrándose que la substitución, tanto parcial como total, de la quimosina por la pepsina en queso blanco pasteurizado es factible, ya que ofrece una mayor actividad coagulante y un queso con características químicas y sensoriales similares a las obtenidas con el cuajo tradicional