ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Surgical site infection (SSI) results in high morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing spinal fusion. Using intravenous antibiotics in anesthesia induction reduces the rate of postoperative infection, but it is not common practice to use them topically, despite recent reports that this procedure helps reduce infection. The objective of this study was to determine whether the topical use of vancomycin reduces the rate of postoperative SSI in patients undergoing thoracolumbar fusion. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial in a single hospital was performed comparing vancomycin and placebo in thoracolumbar fusion patients. RESULTS: A total of 96 patients were randomized to placebo or vancomycin treatment. The mean patient age was 43 ± 14.88 years, 74% were male, and the most common etiology was fall from height (46.9%). The overall rate of postoperative SSI was 8.3%, and no difference was found between the groups: postoperative infection rates in the vancomycin and placebo groups were 8.2% and 8.5% (relative risk [RR] of SSI not using vancomycin 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28-3.93, p = 0.951), respectively. Patients with diabetes mellitus had higher SSI rates (RR 8.98, 95% CI 1.81-44.61, p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first double-blind randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effects of topical vancomycin on postoperative infection rates in thoracolumbar fusion patients, and the results did not differ significantly from placebo.Clinical trial registration no.: RBR-57wppt (ReBEC; http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/).
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of life in patients with moderate or large cranial bone defects before and after late cranioplasty. METHODS: Authors performed a prospective clinical trial including all consecutive patients that filled inclusion criteria during a period of 1 year. All patients answered the quality of life SF-36 questionnaire in 5 different times. Besides authors gathered information about the primary trauma and demographic characteristics. RESULTS: A total of 70 consecutive patients were admitted to the hospital during the study period, and 62 were included in the project. Cranioplasty statistically improved patients' quality of life in all 8 domains after a 24 months follow-up. CONCLUSION: Cranioplasty has a significant impact over the quality of life in brain trauma victims who survived the primary trauma and harbor a large cranial bone defect.
Subject(s)
Quality of Life , Humans , Patients , Prospective Studies , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Retrospective Studies , SkullABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Acute subdural hematomas are frequently seen in brain trauma-injured patients. However, spontaneous subdural hematomas are uncommon, especially those localized in the posterior fossa, where fewer than 10 case reports have been described in the medical literature. CASE DESCRIPTION: We describe a patient who suddenly had a headache and progressed rapidly to coma and signs of brainstem compression. She was diagnosed with posterior fossa subdural hematoma after image examinations that were endorsed by surgical findings. A posterior fossa craniectomy was performed and was associated with blood drainage. CONCLUSIONS: The patient had a great outcome, with no neurologic deficits at hospital discharge and the 1-year follow-up.
