ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Achalasia is characterized by the absence of lower esophageal sphincter relaxation and esophageal aperistalsis. Diagnosis is confirmed through high-resolution esophageal manometry. Laparoscopic myotomy is the standard treatment, but peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a safe and effective alternative, with good short-term and medium-term results. Our aim was to describe the short-term and medium-term experience with POEM at a tertiary care center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted within the time frame of November 2014 and February 2017. Treatment-naïve achalasia patients and previously-treated achalasia patients that were candidates for POEM were included. A protocolized 24-month follow-up was carried out. RESULTS: Fifty procedures were included and 31 (68%) were performed on women. Forty-one (82%) of the procedures were carried out on previously untreated patients, 7 (14%) were performed on previously treated patients, and 2 (4%) of the patients had redo-POEM. The mean age of the patients was 48.8±14.1 years. The pre-POEM Eckardt score was 9 and the integrated relaxation pressure was 24.4mmHg. Sixty-eight percent of the patients had type ii achalasia. Procedure time was 80min and myotomy length was 12.6cm. Hospital stay was 3 days and subcutaneous emphysema was the most common adverse event (30%). A total of 22/50 (44%) patients reached the 24-month follow-up, maintaining the Eckardt score and the decrease in the integrated relaxation pressure. There were no deaths. A total of 47.5% of the patients had a positive pH-study at 6 months, 15% had clinical reflux, and 35% presented with mild esophagitis. All the patients were adequately controlled with proton pump inhibitors. CONCLUSION: POEM is safe and effective in the short term and medium term for the treatment of achalasia and other esophageal motor disorders in Mexican patients.
Subject(s)
Esophageal Achalasia/surgery , Esophageal Motility Disorders/surgery , Myotomy/methods , Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery/methods , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Mexico , Middle Aged , Tertiary Care Centers , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Introducción: El avance tecnológico permite desarrollar equipos tecnológicos y ayudas técnicas que apoyen el tratamiento dirigido a un paciente. Objetivo: Generar un algoritmo para desarrollar dispositivos mecatrónicos como ayudas técnicas para personas con discapacidad física. Métodos: Se tomó como base una clasificación del diseño de estudio de tipo descriptivo, para la propuesta de una metodología de diseño e implementación de dispositivos de ayuda técnica en personas con distrofia muscular. La propuesta hace referencia al conjunto de técnicas, procedimientos y soportes documentales empleados en el diseño de sistemas de ayuda técnica, donde se integran aspectos diversos de tal forma que el proceso global sea lógico y comprensible. Resultados: El diseño obtenido comprende el desarrollo de cuatro metodologías, que inician con el proceso investigativo, luego el dispositivo mecánico, después el sistema electrónico y finaliza con el sistema de comunicación. Se dan pautas para generar cada uno de los componentes del sistema y lograr obtener un dispositivo funcional. El diseño fue probado con resultados favorables. Conclusiones: En el área de rehabilitación física, se combinan los conocimientos médicos con los ingenieriles para obtener soluciones tecnológicas que facilitan las labores a personas con discapacidad física. El diseño desarrollado, al contar con un conjunto ordenado de operaciones sistemáticas y una serie de pautas específicas para la ejecución de actividades, donde se cursan una serie de etapas, permite solucionar el tipo de problemas de referencia(AU)
Introduction: The technological advance allows developing technological equipment and technical aids that support the treatment directed to a patient. Objective: Generate an algorithm to develop mechatronic devices as technical aids for people with physical disabilities. Methods: A descriptive study design classification was used as a basis for the proposal of a methodology for the design and implementation of technical assistance devices in people with muscular dystrophy. The proposal refers to the set of techniques, procedures and documentary supports used in the design of technical assistance systems, where diverse aspects are integrated in such a way that the overall process is logical and understandable. Results: The design obtained includes the development of four methodologies, which begin with the investigative process, then the mechanical device, then the electronic system and ends with the communication system. Guidelines are given to generate each of the components of the system and achieve a functional device. The design was tested with favorable results. Conclusions: In the area of physical rehabilitation, medical and engineering knowledge are combined to obtain technological solutions that facilitate the work of people with physical disabilities. The developed design, having an ordered set of systematic operations and a series of specific guidelines for the execution of activities, where a series of stages are taken, allows solving the type of reference problems(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Self-Help Devices , Medical Informatics/methods , Medical Informatics Applications , Disabled Persons/rehabilitation , Equipment Design/instrumentation , Muscular Dystrophies/rehabilitation , Epidemiology, Descriptive , ColombiaABSTRACT
Introducción: El avance tecnológico permite desarrollar equipos tecnológicos y ayudas técnicas que apoyen el tratamiento dirigido a un paciente. Objetivo: Generar un algoritmo para desarrollar dispositivos mecatrónicos como ayudas técnicas para personas con discapacidad física. Métodos: Se tomó como base una clasificación del diseño de estudio de tipo descriptivo, para la propuesta de una metodología de diseño e implementación de dispositivos de ayuda técnica en personas con distrofia muscular. La propuesta hace referencia al conjunto de técnicas, procedimientos y soportes documentales empleados en el diseño de sistemas de ayuda técnica, donde se integran aspectos diversos de tal forma que el proceso global sea lógico y comprensible. Resultados: El diseño obtenido comprende el desarrollo de cuatro metodologías, que inician con el proceso investigativo, luego el dispositivo mecánico, después el sistema electrónico y finaliza con el sistema de comunicación. Se dan pautas para generar cada uno de los componentes del sistema y lograr obtener un dispositivo funcional. El diseño fue probado con resultados favorables. Conclusiones: En el área de rehabilitación física, se combinan los conocimientos médicos con los ingenieriles para obtener soluciones tecnológicas que facilitan las labores a personas con discapacidad física. El diseño desarrollado, al contar con un conjunto ordenado de operaciones sistemáticas y una serie de pautas específicas para la ejecución de actividades, donde se cursan una serie de etapas, permite solucionar el tipo de problemas de referencia(AU)
Introduction: The technological advance allows developing technological equipment and technical aids that support the treatment directed to a patient. Objective: Generate an algorithm to develop mechatronic devices as technical aids for people with physical disabilities. Methods: A descriptive study design classification was used as a basis for the proposal of a methodology for the design and implementation of technical assistance devices in people with muscular dystrophy. The proposal refers to the set of techniques, procedures and documentary supports used in the design of technical assistance systems, where diverse aspects are integrated in such a way that the overall process is logical and understandable. Results: The design obtained includes the development of four methodologies, which begin with the investigative process, then the mechanical device, then the electronic system and ends with the communication system. Guidelines are given to generate each of the components of the system and achieve a functional device. The design was tested with favorable results. Conclusions: In the area of physical rehabilitation, medical and engineering knowledge are combined to obtain technological solutions that facilitate the work of people with physical disabilities. The developed design, having an ordered set of systematic operations and a series of specific guidelines for the execution of activities, where a series of stages are taken, allows solving the type of reference problems(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Self-Help Devices , Medical Informatics/methods , Medical Informatics Applications , Disabled Persons/rehabilitation , Equipment Design/instrumentation , Muscular Dystrophies/rehabilitation , Colombia , Epidemiology, DescriptiveABSTRACT
Endothelial dysfunction (ED), which is often evaluated by flow-mediated vasodilation (FMV) in the brachial artery, has been postulated as a predictor of cardiac events. Although the upper and forearm location of the occlusion device have been used for FMV evaluation, currently there is no consensus whether they provide the same information. The main goal of this study was to evaluate if both techniques have the same accuracy to differentiate subjects with and without cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs). A cross-sectional study in 124 subjects was performed. The volunteers were divided in two groups: 62 subjects (20 women and 42 men) with at least one CRF and 62 (20 women and 42 men) healthy subjects without CRFs. FMV measurements using the cuff in the upper arm and forearm with intervals of 30 min were taken. In all subjects, %FMV with the cuff located in the upper arm was 10.13 +/- 4.5 and 9.8 +/- 4.1 with the cuff located below the elbow. In healthy subjects without CRFs the %FMV in the upper arm was 12.19 +/- 4.0 versus 12.31 +/- 3.4 in the upper forearm, in CRF subjects it was 8.08 +/- 4.0 vs 7.29 +/- 3.2., respectively. FMV was not affected by the location of the cuff in maintaining the test ability and accuracy to differentiate subjects with and without CRFs.
Subject(s)
Brachial Artery/diagnostic imaging , Endothelium, Vascular , Vascular Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Brachial Artery/metabolism , Brachial Artery/pathology , Colombia , Dilatation, Pathologic/diagnosis , Dilatation, Pathologic/pathology , Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism , Endothelium, Vascular/pathology , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Forearm/blood supply , Forearm/pathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Predictive Value of Tests , Regional Blood Flow , Risk Factors , Ultrasonography , Vascular Diseases/pathologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Gallstones and neoplasms generally cause obstructions in the biliary duct. There are some infrequent problems that may lead to obstructions, such as hamartomas of the biliary duct. CASE REPORT: A 34-year-old diabetic female patient begins with abdominal pain and jaundice. The diagnostic approach initiated with hepatobiliary ultrasound that reported cholelithiasis and enlargement of the biliary ducts. Cholangiopancreatography was subsequently performed and a biliary tree lesion was discovered; the patient underwent cholecystectomy with exploration of the biliary ducts. Clinical evolution was satisfactory. Pathologic findings indicated hamartoma of the biliary duct.
