ABSTRACT
A 10-year-old boy was evaluated for intermittent colicky abdominal pain, general malaise, and asthenia. Imaging revealed a solid liver lesion. Subsequent biopsy and extension studies diagnosed the lesion as undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver, classified as PRETEXT II, group III according to the postoperative staging system of the Intergroup Study for Soft Tissue Sarcomas. He underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy using alternating cycles of ifosfamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, D-actinomycin, and cyclophosphamide. This was followed by surgical intervention and two additional adjuvant chemotherapy cycles, resulting in a complete disease response. The patient remains in follow-up and shows no signs of relapse 28 months post-diagnosis. Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver is a rare and often misdiagnosed condition that can be mistaken for a benign disease. Its prognosis hinges on timely and accurate diagnosis, which is essential for effectively treating patients with this aggressive pathology with a high mortality risk. Notably, there is no standard treatment approach. In our case, we implemented therapeutic strategies from various literature reports, yielding a promising outcome and positive patient progression.
ABSTRACT
Malignant germ cell tumors (MGCTs) localized in the uterus are rare in prepubertal girls. They typically occur in postmenopausal women and are characterized by the presence of a pelvic mass and transvaginal bleeding. In this case, the authors describe the clinical features, radiologic findings, histopathologic description, and treatment received by an infant with a primary yolk sac tumor of the uterine wall. Currently, treatment for uterine GCTs is based on guidelines for GCTs. Surgery and bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin (pBEP) chemotherapy are effective for uterine yolk sac tumors. After 46 months of clinical follow-up, which included abdominopelvic ultrasound and tumor marker assessments, our patient is free of disease, suggesting a favorable outcome.
ABSTRACT
Primary liver tumors are rare in childhood. Hepatoblastoma is the most prevalent and has a variable clinical presentation. The initial approach requires clinical suspicion, histopathological confirmation, and measurement of AFP levels, in addition to PRETEXT staging by abdominal computed tomography. PET-CT is useful in metastatic disease for diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutic response. Pulmonary metastases at the time of diagnosis are frequent, while bone metastases are rare. We present the case of an infant with a history of metastatic hepatoblastoma, multiple relapses, and poor response to multimodal management. The patient had bone metastases demonstrated by PET-CT imaging.
ABSTRACT
Background: Thyroid gland malignancies are rare in pediatric patients (0.7% of tumors); only 1.8% are observed in patients aged <20 years, with a higher prevalence recorded in women and adolescents. Risk factors include genetic syndromes, MEN disorders, autoimmune diseases, and exposure to ionizing radiation. Radiotherapy is also associated with an increased risk of secondary thyroid cancer. This study describes the clinical features and surgical outcomes of primary and secondary thyroid tumors in pediatric patients. Methods: Institutional data were collected from eight international surgical oncology centers for pediatric patients with thyroid cancer between 2000 and 2020. Statistical analyses were performed using the GraphPad Prism software. Results: Among 255 total cases of thyroid cancer, only 13 (5.1%) were secondary tumors. Primary thyroid malignancies were more likely to be multifocal in origin (odds ratio [OR] 1.993, 95% confidence interval [CI].7466-5.132, p = 0.2323), have bilateral glandular location (OR 2.847, 95% CI.6835-12.68, p = 0.2648), and be metastatic at first diagnosis (OR 1.259, 95% CI.3267-5.696, p > 0.999). Secondary tumors showed a higher incidence of disease relapse (OR 1.556, 95% CI.4579-5.57, p = 0.4525) and surgical complications (OR 2.042, 95% CI 0.7917-5.221, p = 0.1614), including hypoparathyroidism and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. The overall survival (OS) was 99% at 1 year and 97% after 10 years. No EFS differences were evident between the primary and secondary tumors (chi-square 0.7307, p = 0.39026). Conclusions: This multicenter study demonstrated excellent survival in pediatric thyroid malignancies. Secondary tumors exhibited greater disease relapse (15.8 vs. 10.5%) and a higher incidence of surgical complications (36.8 vs. 22.2%).
ABSTRACT
La Hernia de Littré es una patología rara de incidencia desconocida. Su sospecha clínica es infrecuente dada la inespecificidad de la sintomatología con la que debuta, por lo que su diagnóstico suele realizarse intraoperatoriamente. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con cuadro clínico de dolor abdominal agudo, masa no reductible y dolorosa en región inguinoescrotal derecha, a quien desde el ingreso se sospecha que presenta una hernia estrangulada. Tras una intervención quirúrgica de urgencia se realiza hallazgo intraoperatorio de hernia de Littré perforada. El paciente fue dado de alta en su sexto día postoperatorio en buenas condiciones generales.
Littre's hernia is a disease of unknown incidence, it's clinical suspicion is infrequent given the lack of specificity of the symptoms, therefore it's diagnosis is made intrasurgicaly. We report the case of a patient that consulted due to acute abdominal pain, irreducible and painful mass in the right inguinal region, who since admission was suspected of having a strangulated hernia. After an emergency surgery the intraoperative finding of perforated Littre hernia was performed. The patient was discharged on the sixth postoperative day in good general conditions.
A hérnia de Littre é uma doença de incidência desconhecida, é suspeita clínica é infreqüente, dada a falta de especificidade dos sintomas, portanto, seu diagnóstico é feito intra-cirúrgico. Relatamos o caso de um paciente que consultou devido a dor abdominal aguda, massa irredutível e dolorosa na região inguinal direita, que desde a admissão foi suspeita de ter uma hérnia estrangulada. Após uma cirurgia de emergência foi realizado o achado intraoperatório de hérnia de Littre perfurada. A paciente recebeu alta hospitalar no sexto dia pós-operatório em boas condições gerais.
Subject(s)
Humans , Hernia , General Surgery , Abdominal Pain , Meckel DiverticulumABSTRACT
La alta incidencia de un conducto peritoneo vaginal permeable contralateral ha llevado al desarrollo de nuevas técnicas laparoscópicas, las cuales han revivido una controversia alrededor de la exploración contralateral. Con el presente estudio observacional, analítico, prospectivo de cohorte, realizado en niños entre los 0 y los 15 años en el Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica del Hospital Militar Central en el periodo comprendido entre mayo de 2005 y agosto de 2008, se evaluó la utilidad de la laparoscopia en el diagnóstico de la hernia inguinal contralateral. El estudio permitió determinar por medio de la laparoscopia, que pacientes cursaban con hernia inguinal contralateral para así realizar su corrección quirúrgica durante el mismo procedimiento, evitando así la posibilidad de una hernia complicada contralateral metacrónica, un nuevo riesgo anestésico y con el costo adicional de una segunda hospitalización; igualmente estos resultados se pudieron contrastar con las estadísticas mundiales...
The high incidence of a contralateral patent processus vaginalis has led to the development of new laparoscopic techniques which have revived the controversy around the contralateral exploration. With this project we evaluate the usefulness of laparoscopy in the diagnosis of contralateral inguinal hernia. It was performed in children between 0 and 15 years in the pediatric surgery service of the Central Military Hospital in the period between May 2005 and August 2008, through an observational, analytical, prospective cohort study. The study allowed us to determine through laparoscopy, which patients had contralateral inguinal hernia, making the correction in the same surgical time, avoiding the possibility of a complicated metachronous contralateral hernia, a new anesthetic risk and the cost of a second hospitalization; similarly these results were confonted with global statistics...
A alta incidência de ducto vaginal peritoneal permeável contralateral levou ao desenvolvimento de novas técnicas de laparoscopia, que reviveram a controvérsia em torno da exploração contralateral. Com este projeto foi avaliada a utilidade da laparoscopia no diagnóstico de hérnia inguinal contralateral. Foi realizado em crianças entre 0 e 15 anos no departamento de cirurgia pediátrica, Hospital Militar, no período entre maio de 2005 e agosto de 2008, através de um estudo, observacional analítico, prospectivo de coorte. O estudo constatou através de laparoscopia, que os pacientes que foram registrados com hérnia inguinal contralateral, realizando a correcção no mesmo tempo cirúrgico, evitaba a possibilidade de uma hérnia contralateral metachronous complicado, um novo risco anestésico e os custos de uma segunda internação e comparados com as estatísticas mundiais...
