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1.
Bone Rep ; 21: 101772, 2024 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38774264

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO), is a rare acquired paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by defective bone mineralization, caused by the overproduction of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) by a tumor. Material and methods: We conducted a systematic review to identify all case reports of TIO, focusing on those associated with mesenchymal tumors. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) consensus, and we included patients with a diagnosis of TIO and histological confirmation of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors or resolution of the condition after treatment of the tumor. Bibliographical searches were carried out until December 2023 in the Cochrane Library, Medline and Embase, as well as congress abstracts online. Results: We identified 769 articles with 1979 cases reported. Most patients were adults, with a higher incidence on men. Disease duration before diagnosis is a mean of 4.8 years. Most tumors were histologically classified as PMT. Lower limbs were the predominant location. Hypophosphatemia was present in 99.8 % of patients. The FGF23 was elevated at diagnosis in 95.5 %. Resection of the tumor was the treatment of choice in most of patients. After resection, there was a clinical improvement in 97.6 % of cases, and serum phosphorus and FGF23 levels returned to normal ranges in 91.5 % and 81.4 % of the patients, respectively. Conclusion: TIO is usually misdiagnosed with rheumatological or musculoskeletal disorders. The diagnosis should be suspected in patients with hypophosphatemic osteomalacia, and the measurement of serum FGF23 can be useful for diagnosis and management.

2.
Nutr. hosp ; 41(2): 433-438, Mar-Abr. 2024. graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-232660

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el objetivo del estudio fue valorar la eficacia de una adaptación dietética individualizada para conseguir los requerimientos nutricionales en pacientes sometidos a trasplante de precursores hematopoyéticos (TPH). Metodología: estudio piloto de intervención nutricional con pacientes sometidos a TPH. Se realizó una valoración nutricional en las primeras 24 horas de ingreso y cada 48 a 72 horas hasta el alta, o + 40 días del trasplante, realizando adaptaciones dietéticas. Resultados: se reclutaron 25 pacientes. Según el MUST, el 92,0 % (n = 23) se encontraban bien nutridos en la visita inicial, con una pérdida de 2,1 (3,8) kg y un IMC de 26,4 kg/m2 (4,2). Antes del TPH ya hubo una disminución de la ingesta del 15,4 (23,5) % y del peso corporal de 0,2 (3,2) kg; tras el TPH, la pérdida de peso fue de 3,4 (5,0) kg y la disminución de la ingesta del 6,5 (30,4) %. Los síntomas predominantes fueron mucositis (60 %), náuseas (60 %) y diarrea (44 %). Se adaptó la dieta en el 100 % de los pacientes y el 52 % recibieron soporte nutricional oral (SNO) (n = 13), mientras que la nutrición enteral (NE) y la nutrición parenteral (NP) se utilizaron solo 1 vez. Conclusión: el estado nutricional de los pacientes sometidos a TPH es normal al ingreso pero se deteriora durante la realización del trasplante y su acondicionamiento previo. La intervención dietética es clave para mantener la ingesta oral y disminuir el riesgo de desnutrición.(AU)


Introduction: the objective of the study was to assess the effi cacy of an individualized dietary adaptation to achieve nutritional requirements in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methodology: a pilot study of a nutritional intervention in patients undergoing HSCT. A nutritional assessment was performed the fi rst 24 hours of admission and every 48-72 hours until discharge, or + 40 days after the transplant, making dietary adaptations. Results: 25 patients were recruited. According to MUST, 92.0 % (n = 23) were well nourished at the initial visit, with a loss of 2.1 (3.8) kg and a BMI of 26.4 kg/m2 (4.2). Before HSCT, there was already a decrease in intake of 15.4 (23.5) % and in body weight of 0.2 (3.2) kg; after the HSCT, the weight loss was 3.4 (5.0) kg and the decrease in intake was 6.5 (30.4) %. The predominant symptoms were mucositis (60 %), nausea (60 %), and diarrhea (44 %). The diet was adapted in 100 % of the patients, 52 % received oral nutritional support (ONS) (n = 13); enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) were used only once. Conclusion: the nutritional status of patients undergoing HSCT is normal on admission but deteriorates during transplantation and prior conditioning. Dietary intervention is key to maintaining oral intake and reducing the risk of malnutrition.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Enteral Nutrition , Dietary Supplements , Diet , Malnutrition , Nutritional Sciences , Pilot Projects
3.
Nutr Hosp ; 41(2): 433-438, 2024 Apr 26.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38450490

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Introduction: the objective of the study was to assess the efficacy of an individualized dietary adaptation to achieve nutritional requirements in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methodology: a pilot study of a nutritional intervention in patients undergoing HSCT. A nutritional assessment was performed the first 24 hours of admission and every 48-72 hours until discharge, or + 40 days after the transplant, making dietary adaptations. Results: 25 patients were recruited. According to MUST, 92.0 % (n = 23) were well nourished at the initial visit, with a loss of 2.1 (3.8) kg and a BMI of 26.4 kg/m2 (4.2). Before HSCT, there was already a decrease in intake of 15.4 (23.5) % and in body weight of 0.2 (3.2) kg; after the HSCT, the weight loss was 3.4 (5.0) kg and the decrease in intake was 6.5 (30.4) %. The predominant symptoms were mucositis (60 %), nausea (60 %), and diarrhea (44 %). The diet was adapted in 100 % of the patients, 52 % received oral nutritional support (ONS) (n = 13); enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) were used only once. Conclusion: the nutritional status of patients undergoing HSCT is normal on admission but deteriorates during transplantation and prior conditioning. Dietary intervention is key to maintaining oral intake and reducing the risk of malnutrition.


Introducción: Introducción: el objetivo del estudio fue valorar la eficacia de una adaptación dietética individualizada para conseguir los requerimientos nutricionales en pacientes sometidos a trasplante de precursores hematopoyéticos (TPH). Metodología: estudio piloto de intervención nutricional con pacientes sometidos a TPH. Se realizó una valoración nutricional en las primeras 24 horas de ingreso y cada 48 a 72 horas hasta el alta, o + 40 días del trasplante, realizando adaptaciones dietéticas. Resultados: se reclutaron 25 pacientes. Según el MUST, el 92,0 % (n = 23) se encontraban bien nutridos en la visita inicial, con una pérdida de 2,1 (3,8) kg y un IMC de 26,4 kg/m2 (4,2). Antes del TPH ya hubo una disminución de la ingesta del 15,4 (23,5) % y del peso corporal de 0,2 (3,2) kg; tras el TPH, la pérdida de peso fue de 3,4 (5,0) kg y la disminución de la ingesta del 6,5 (30,4) %. Los síntomas predominantes fueron mucositis (60 %), náuseas (60 %) y diarrea (44 %). Se adaptó la dieta en el 100 % de los pacientes y el 52 % recibieron soporte nutricional oral (SNO) (n = 13), mientras que la nutrición enteral (NE) y la nutrición parenteral (NP) se utilizaron solo 1 vez. Conclusión: el estado nutricional de los pacientes sometidos a TPH es normal al ingreso pero se deteriora durante la realización del trasplante y su acondicionamiento previo. La intervención dietética es clave para mantener la ingesta oral y disminuir el riesgo de desnutrición.


Subject(s)
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Adult , Pilot Projects , Nutritional Status , Nutritional Support/methods , Diet , Nutrition Assessment , Nutritional Requirements , Aged , Precision Medicine/methods
4.
Nutr. hosp ; 40(1): 186-199, ene.-feb. 2023. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-215702

ABSTRACT

La inmunonutrición es una ciencia que engloba aspectos relacionados con la nutrición, la inmunidad, la infección, la inflamación y el daño tisular. Las fórmulas inmunomoduladoras han demostrado beneficios en una amplia variedad de situaciones clínicas. El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar la evidencia disponible en inmunonutrición (IN). Para ello, se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica con las palabras clave: inmunonutrición, arginina, glutamina, nucleótidos, ácidos grasos omega-3, ERAS, fast-track. Se han incluido ensayos clínicos, revisiones y guías de práctica clínica. La IN ha demostrado reducir las fístulas en el postoperatorio en pacientes con cáncer de cabeza y cuello. En pacientes con cáncer gástrico y cáncer de esófago, la IN se asocia a una disminución de las complicaciones infecciosas y la estancia hospitalaria. Otras situaciones clínicas que se benefician del uso de la IN son la cirugía del cáncer de páncreas, la cirugía del cáncer colorrectal y los grandes quemados. Son necesarios más estudios controlados, prospectivos y aleatorizados para confirmar los potenciales beneficios de la IN en otras situaciones clínicas como la cirugía torácica no esofágica, el cáncer vesical, la cirugía ginecológica, la fractura de cadera, la patología hepática y la COVID-19, entre otros. (AU)


Immunonutrition is a science that encompasses aspects related to nutrition, immunity, infection, inflammation and tissue damage. Immunomodulatory formulas have shown benefits in a wide variety of clinical situations.The objective of this work was to review the available evidence in immunonutrition (IN). For this, a bibliographic search has been carried outwith the keywords: immunonutrition, arginine, glutamine, nucleotides, omega-3 fatty acids, ERAS, fast-track. Clinical trials, reviews and clinicalpractice guidelines have been included.IN has been shown to reduce postoperative fistulae in head and neck cancer patients and in gastric and esophageal cancer patients, infectiouscomplications and hospital stay. Other clinical situations that benefit from the use of IN are pancreatic cancer surgery, colorectal cancer surgeryand major burns. More controlled, prospective, and randomized studies are necessary to confirm the potential benefits of IN in other clinical situations such as non-esophageal thoracic surgery, bladder cancer, gynecological surgery, hip fracture, liver pathology and COVID-19, among others. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Nutritional Sciences , 52503 , Immunity , Glutamine , Fatty Acids, Omega-3 , Nucleotides
5.
Nutr Hosp ; 40(1): 186-199, 2023 Feb 15.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36602129

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Immunonutrition is a science that encompasses aspects related to nutrition, immunity, infection, inflammation and tissue damage. Immunomodulatory formulas have shown benefits in a wide variety of clinical situations. The objective of this work was to review the available evidence in immunonutrition (IN). For this, a bibliographic search has been carried out with the keywords: immunonutrition, arginine, glutamine, nucleotides, omega-3 fatty acids, ERAS, fast-track. Clinical trials, reviews and clinical practice guidelines have been included. IN has been shown to reduce postoperative fistulae in head and neck cancer patients and in gastric and esophageal cancer patients, infectious complications and hospital stay. Other clinical situations that benefit from the use of IN are pancreatic cancer surgery, colorectal cancer surgery and major burns. More controlled, prospective, and randomized studies are necessary to confirm the potential benefits of IN in other clinical situations such as non-esophageal thoracic surgery, bladder cancer, gynecological surgery, hip fracture, liver pathology and COVID-19, among others.


Introducción: La inmunonutrición es una ciencia que engloba aspectos relacionados con la nutrición, la inmunidad, la infección, la inflamación y el daño tisular. Las fórmulas inmunomoduladoras han demostrado beneficios en una amplia variedad de situaciones clínicas. El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar la evidencia disponible en inmunonutrición (IN). Para ello, se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica con las palabras clave: inmunonutrición, arginina, glutamina, nucleótidos, ácidos grasos omega-3, ERAS, fast-track. Se han incluido ensayos clínicos, revisiones y guías de práctica clínica. La IN ha demostrado reducir las fístulas en el postoperatorio en pacientes con cáncer de cabeza y cuello. En pacientes con cáncer gástrico y cáncer de esófago, la IN se asocia a una disminución de las complicaciones infecciosas y la estancia hospitalaria. Otras situaciones clínicas que se benefician del uso de la IN son la cirugía del cáncer de páncreas, la cirugía del cáncer colorrectal y los grandes quemados. Son necesarios más estudios controlados, prospectivos y aleatorizados para confirmar los potenciales beneficios de la IN en otras situaciones clínicas como la cirugía torácica no esofágica, el cáncer vesical, la cirugía ginecológica, la fractura de cadera, la patología hepática y la COVID-19, entre otros.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Esophageal Neoplasms , Fatty Acids, Omega-3 , Stomach Neoplasms , Humans , Arginine , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Immunonutrition Diet , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Prospective Studies
6.
Nutr. hosp ; 38(5)sep.-oct. 2021. tab, ilus
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-224667

ABSTRACT

Introduction: the goal of this work was to evaluate the acceptance of various types of thickeners, specifically modified starch thickener and gum thickener, both with and without flavoring. Patients and methods: a randomized sample of 40 hospitalized patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia was recruited. The taste, smell, and appearance of each type of thickener were evaluated, as well as the volume of liquid ingested by the patients taking each type of thickener (modified starch thickener vs. gum thickener, both with and without flavoring).Results: the overall acceptance of gum thickener was significantly higher than that of modified starch thickener (7.45 (1.57) vs. 5.10 (2.43), respectively; p = 0.001). When a food flavor was added to the thickened water, the overall rating of the product was higher than when no flavor was added (7.70 (1.53) vs. 4.85 (2.16); p < 0.001). The difference between the daily volume of water consumed by the patients who received gum thickeners (928.33 (331.27) mL) and those who received starch thickeners (670.00 (288.35) mL) was statistically significant (p = 0.012). Patient consumption was also higher when flavoring was added as compared to when it was not (943.33 (302.45) mL) vs. (655.00 (304.60) mL; p = 0.005). Conclusion: the acceptances of the thickener and of water intake by patients with dysphagia were both significantly higher when using gum thickeners compared to starch thickeners, and when adding flavoring. (AU)


Introducción: el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la aceptación de varios tipos de espesantes (almidón modificado frente a gomas) con y sin saborizante. Pacientes y métodos: se reclutaron 40 pacientes hospitalizados con disfagia orofaríngea. Se evaluaron el sabor, el olor y la apariencia de cada tipo de espesante, así como el volumen de líquido ingerido por los pacientes que tomaban cada tipo de espesante (espesante de almidón modificado vs. espesante de goma, ambos con o sin saborizante). Resultados: la aceptación general del espesante de goma fue significativamente mayor que la del almidón modificado (7,45 (1,57) vs. 5,10 (2,43); p = 0,001). Cuando se añadió un saborizante al agua espesada, la calificación general fue mejor (7,70 (1,53) frente a 4,85 (2,16); p < 0,001). La diferencia entre el volumen diario de agua consumida por los pacientes que recibieron espesantes de goma (928,33 (331,27) ml) y los que recibieron espesantes de almidón (670,00 (288,35) ml) fue estadísticamente significativa (p = 0,012). El consumo de líquido también fue mayor cuando se agregó el saborizante (943,33 (302,45) ml frente a 655,00 (304,60) ml; p = 0,005). Conclusión: la aceptación del espesante y la ingesta de agua por parte de los pacientes con disfagia fueron significativamente mayores cuando se utilizaron espesantes de goma, en comparación con los espesantes de almidón, y al agregar saborizantes. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Food Additives/administration & dosage , Deglutition Disorders/complications , Deglutition Disorders/diet therapy , Pilot Projects , Starch/administration & dosage , Starch/therapeutic use , Viscosity/radiation effects
7.
Nutr Hosp ; 38(5): 1082-1088, 2021 Oct 13.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34139853

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Introduction: the goal of this work was to evaluate the acceptance of various types of thickeners, specifically modified starch thickener and gum thickener, both with and without flavoring. Patients and methods: a randomized sample of 40 hospitalized patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia was recruited. The taste, smell, and appearance of each type of thickener were evaluated, as well as the volume of liquid ingested by the patients taking each type of thickener (modified starch thickener vs. gum thickener, both with and without flavoring). Results: the overall acceptance of gum thickener was significantly higher than that of modified starch thickener (7.45 (1.57) vs. 5.10 (2.43), respectively; p = 0.001). When a food flavor was added to the thickened water, the overall rating of the product was higher than when no flavor was added (7.70 (1.53) vs. 4.85 (2.16); p < 0.001). The difference between the daily volume of water consumed by the patients who received gum thickeners (928.33 (331.27) mL) and those who received starch thickeners (670.00 (288.35) mL) was statistically significant (p = 0.012). Patient consumption was also higher when flavoring was added as compared to when it was not (943.33 (302.45) mL) vs. (655.00 (304.60) mL; p = 0.005). Conclusion: the acceptances of the thickener and of water intake by patients with dysphagia were both significantly higher when using gum thickeners compared to starch thickeners, and when adding flavoring.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la aceptación de varios tipos de espesantes (almidón modificado frente a gomas) con y sin saborizante. Pacientes y métodos: se reclutaron 40 pacientes hospitalizados con disfagia orofaríngea. Se evaluaron el sabor, el olor y la apariencia de cada tipo de espesante, así como el volumen de líquido ingerido por los pacientes que tomaban cada tipo de espesante (espesante de almidón modificado vs. espesante de goma, ambos con o sin saborizante). Resultados: la aceptación general del espesante de goma fue significativamente mayor que la del almidón modificado (7,45 (1,57) vs. 5,10 (2,43); p = 0,001). Cuando se añadió un saborizante al agua espesada, la calificación general fue mejor (7,70 (1,53) frente a 4,85 (2,16); p < 0,001). La diferencia entre el volumen diario de agua consumida por los pacientes que recibieron espesantes de goma (928,33 (331,27) ml) y los que recibieron espesantes de almidón (670,00 (288,35) ml) fue estadísticamente significativa (p = 0,012). El consumo de líquido también fue mayor cuando se agregó el saborizante (943,33 (302,45) ml frente a 655,00 (304,60) ml; p = 0,005). Conclusión: la aceptación del espesante y la ingesta de agua por parte de los pacientes con disfagia fueron significativamente mayores cuando se utilizaron espesantes de goma, en comparación con los espesantes de almidón, y al agregar saborizantes.


Subject(s)
Deglutition Disorders/complications , Food Additives/administration & dosage , Deglutition Disorders/diet therapy , Humans , Pilot Projects , Starch/administration & dosage , Starch/therapeutic use , Viscosity/drug effects
8.
Nutr Cancer ; 73(10): 1941-1946, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32896165

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Nutriscore is a malnutrition screening tool designed specifically for cancer patients. Our objective was to assess its performance in hospitalized cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Adult patients diagnosed with any solid neoplasm hospitalized in Medical Oncology were included. In the first 24-48 h, of admission they were screened with Nutriscore and Malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST). Both tests were compared using chi-square, kappa index and ROC curve. Nutriscore sensitivity (S), specificity (Sp) and predictive values (PV) were calculated using MUST as a reference. RESULTS: A total of 93 patients were included. The most frequent tumors were lung (36.6%), colorectal (24.8%) and breast (8.6%). MUST identified 69.9% of the patients at nutritional risk, and Nutriscore 44.1% (p < 0.001), with a low kappa index [k = 0.38 (95% CI 0.23 to 0.54)]. The AUC of the ROC curve for Nutriscore with respect to the MUST was 0.739. Nutriscore showed S = 58.6 (95% CI 45.7 to 71.2), Sp = 89.3% (95% CI 76.0 to 100.0%), VP + = 92.7% (95% CI 83.5 at 100.0%) and VP- = 48.1% (95% CI 33.5 to 62.6). CONCLUSIONS: Nutriscore did not provided better screening results in hospitalized cancer patients than a validated tool such as MUST.


Subject(s)
Malnutrition , Neoplasms , Adult , Humans , Malnutrition/diagnosis , Medical Oncology , Neoplasms/complications , Nutrition Assessment , Nutritional Status
9.
Nutr. hosp ; 37(6): 1197-1200, nov.-dic. 2020. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-198311

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: the objective was to assess the utility of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) in hospitalisation units with patients at high risk of dysphagia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: a cross-sectional study was conducted in the Neurology and Internal Medicine wards; patients with admission < 24 hours and in a terminal stage of disease were excluded. In the first 24-48 hours of admission the presence of dysphagia as assessed with the EAT-10, the risk of malnutrition as assessed with the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tools (MUST), and comorbidities using the Charlson index were screened. RESULTS: a total of 169 patients were recruited (76.0 years, 52 % women); 19.5 % were at risk of malnutrition. The EAT-10 instrument could be administered in 80.6 % of the patients, and was positive in 26.6 % (women 34.1 % vs. men 18.4 %; p = 0.025). When comparing patients with higher comorbidity with those with a lower Charlson index, a lower response rate to EAT-10 was observed (78.4 % vs. 93.9 %; p = 0.038), without differences in screening positivity (28.3 % vs. 19.4 %; p = 0.310). The prevalence of dysphagia risk was higher in the Internal Medicine unit than in the Neurology unit (30.4 % vs. 19.6 %; p = 0.133), as was the percentage of cases in which screening could not be performed (21.1 % vs. 11.1 %; p = 0.011). There were no significant differences in risk of malnutrition, mortality, hospital stay, or readmission according to the EAT-10. CONCLUSIONS: the EAT-10 has limited utility in the studied hospitalisation units due to a high rate of unfeasible tests, especially among patients at higher risk of dysphagia


INTRODUCCIÓN: el objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la utilidad del Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) en unidades de hospitalización con pacientes de alto riesgo de disfagia. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: estudio transversal de pacientes hospitalizados en Medicina Interna y Neurología; los pacientes con ingreso < 24 horas y en fase terminal de la enfermedad fueron excluidos. En las primeras 24-48 horas de ingreso se cribó la disfagia con el EAT-10, el riesgo de desnutrición con el Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) y la comorbilidad con el índice de Charlson. RESULTADOS: se reclutaron 196 pacientes (76,0 años, 52 % mujeres). El 19,5 % estaban en riesgo de desnutrición. El EAT-10 se pudo realizar en el 80,6 % de la muestra y fue positivo en el 26,6 % (mujeres 34,1 % vs. hombres 18,4 %; p = 0,025). Al comparar a los pacientes con mayor comorbilidad con aquellos que tenían un índice de Charlson más bajo, se observó una tasa de respuesta más baja al EAT-10 (78,4 % vs. 93,9 %; p = 0,038), sin diferencias en la positividad del cribado (28,3 % vs. 19,4 %; p = 0,310). La prevalencia del riesgo de disfagia fue mayor en la unidad de Medicina Interna que en la de Neurología (30,4 % vs. 19,6 %; p = 0,133), así como el número de casos en que no se pudo realizar el cribado (21,1 % vs. 11,1 %; p = 0,011). No hubo diferencias significativas en el riesgo de desnutrición, mortalidad, estancia hospitalaria o reingreso según el EAT-10. CONCLUSIONES: el EAT-10 tiene una utilidad limitada en las unidades de hospitalización estudiadas debido a una alta tasa de pruebas no realizables, especialmente entre los pacientes con mayor riesgo de disfagia


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Inpatient Care Units , Nutrition Assessment , Comorbidity , Nutritional Status , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Malnutrition/etiology , Length of Stay
10.
Nutr Hosp ; 37(6): 1197-1200, 2020 Dec 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33155478

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Introduction: the objective was to assess the utility of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) in hospitalisation units with patients at high risk of dysphagia. Patients and methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted in the Neurology and Internal Medicine wards; patients with admission < 24 hours and in a terminal stage of disease were excluded. In the first 24-48 hours of admission the presence of dysphagia as assessed with the EAT-10, the risk of malnutrition as assessed with the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tools (MUST), and comorbidities using the Charlson index were screened. Results: a total of 169 patients were recruited (76.0 years, 52 % women); 19.5 % were at risk of malnutrition. The EAT-10 instrument could be administered in 80.6 % of the patients, and was positive in 26.6 % (women 34.1 % vs. men 18.4 %; p = 0.025). When comparing patients with higher comorbidity with those with a lower Charlson index, a lower response rate to EAT-10 was observed (78.4 % vs. 93.9 %; p = 0.038), without differences in screening positivity (28.3 % vs. 19.4 %; p = 0.310). The prevalence of dysphagia risk was higher in the Internal Medicine unit than in the Neurology unit (30.4 % vs. 19.6 %; p = 0.133), as was the percentage of cases in which screening could not be performed (21.1 % vs. 11.1 %; p = 0.011). There were no significant differences in risk of malnutrition, mortality, hospital stay, or readmission according to the EAT-10. Conclusions: The EAT-10 has limited utility in the studied hospitalisation units due to a high rate of unfeasible tests, especially among patients at higher risk of dysphagia.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: el objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la utilidad del Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) en unidades de hospitalización con pacientes de alto riesgo de disfagia. Pacientes y métodos: estudio transversal de pacientes hospitalizados en Medicina Interna y Neurología; los pacientes con ingreso < 24 horas y en fase terminal de la enfermedad fueron excluidos. En las primeras 24-48 horas de ingreso se cribó la disfagia con el EAT-10, el riesgo de desnutrición con el Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) y la comorbilidad con el índice de Charlson. Resultados: se reclutaron 196 pacientes (76,0 años, 52 % mujeres). El 19,5 % estaban en riesgo de desnutrición. El EAT-10 se pudo realizar en el 80,6 % de la muestra y fue positivo en el 26,6 % (mujeres 34,1 % vs. hombres 18,4 %; p = 0,025). Al comparar a los pacientes con mayor comorbilidad con aquellos que tenían un índice de Charlson más bajo, se observó una tasa de respuesta más baja al EAT-10 (78,4 % vs. 93,9 %; p = 0,038), sin diferencias en la positividad del cribado (28,3 % vs. 19,4 %; p = 0,310). La prevalencia del riesgo de disfagia fue mayor en la unidad de Medicina Interna que en la de Neurología (30,4 % vs. 19,6 %; p = 0,133), así como el número de casos en que no se pudo realizar el cribado (21,1 % vs. 11,1 %; p = 0,011). No hubo diferencias significativas en el riesgo de desnutrición, mortalidad, estancia hospitalaria o reingreso según el EAT-10. Conclusiones: el EAT-10 tiene una utilidad limitada en las unidades de hospitalización estudiadas debido a una alta tasa de pruebas no realizables, especialmente entre los pacientes con mayor riesgo de disfagia.


Subject(s)
Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis , Malnutrition/diagnosis , Nutrition Assessment , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cross-Sectional Studies , Deglutition Disorders/complications , Eating , Female , Hospital Units , Hospitals, University , Humans , Internal Medicine , Length of Stay , Male , Malnutrition/complications , Malnutrition/mortality , Middle Aged , Neurology , Patient Admission , Patient Readmission , Time Factors
11.
Nutr Hosp ; 34(1): 216-223, 2017 02 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28244794

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Dietary fiber is an important component of human diet. Since each fiber type has specific metabolic and gastrointestinal function effects, in each specific pathology we will have to choose the optimum type of fiber, considering its chemical, physical and physiological properties. Objective:to put partially hydrolyzed guar gum in its place in the complex framework of dietary fiber, to review its physicochemical properties and possible mechanisms of action; as well as its potential usefulness in different clinical situations in adult patients. Methods: non-systematic review in Medline. Results: Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) is obtained from a partial enzymatic hydrolysis of guar gum by the enzyme ß-endo-mannanase. It is a soluble, highly fermentable fiber with low viscosity. The fermentation of GGPH in colon produces short chain fatty acids, implicated in the main pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for their clinical effects. Its use in enteral nutrition associated diarrhea is supported by several studies and by the recommendations of scientific societies such as the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism and the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. The usefulness of GGPH has been studied in many other clinical situations, such as diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, bacterial overgrowth, etc. with promising results. Conclusions: GGPH is useful in the management of enteral nutrition associated diarrhea. In other clinical situations, more quality studies would be necessary in order to make concrete recommendations.


Introducción: la fibra dietética es un componente importante de la dieta humana. Cada tipo de fibra tiene efectos específicos a nivel metabólico y en el funcionamiento gastrointestinal, por lo que en cada patología concreta habremos de elegir la fibra óptima teniendo en cuenta sus propiedades químicas, físicas y fisiológicas. Objetivo: encuadrar la goma guar parcialmente hidrolizada en su lugar en el complejo marco de la fibra dietética, revisar sus propiedades físico-químicas y posibles mecanismos de acción; así como su potencial utilidad en distintas situaciones clínicas en pacientes adultos. Métodos: revisión no sistemática en Medline. Resultados: la goma guar parcialmente hidrolizada (GGPH) se obtiene a partir de una hidrólisis enzimática parcial de la goma guar mediantela enzima ß-endo-mananasa. Se trata de una fibra soluble, altamente fermentable y de baja viscosidad. La fermentación de la GGPH a nivel colónico produce ácidos grasos de cadena corta, implicados en los principales mecanismos fisiopatólogicos responsables de sus efectos a nivel clínico. Su uso en la diarrea asociada a la nutrición enteral está avalada por diversos estudios y por la recomendaciones de sociedades científicas como la European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism y la American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Se ha estudiado la utilidad de la GGPH en otras muchas situaciones clínicas, como diabetes, hipercolesterolemia, sobrecrecimiento bacteriano, etc. con resultados prometedores. Conclusiones: la GGPH es útil en el manejo de la diarrea asociada a nutrición enteral. Respecto a otras situaciones clínicas, serían necesarios más estudios de calidad para poder hacer recomendaciones concretas.


Subject(s)
Galactans/therapeutic use , Mannans/therapeutic use , Plant Gums/therapeutic use , Diarrhea/etiology , Diarrhea/prevention & control , Dietary Fiber/pharmacology , Enteral Nutrition/adverse effects , Galactans/pharmacology , Humans , Hydrolysis , Mannans/pharmacology , Plant Gums/pharmacology
12.
Prog. obstet. ginecol. (Ed. impr.) ; 60(1): 79-81, ene.-feb. 2017.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-164040

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de Sheehan se caracteriza por necrosis de la glándula hipofisaria tras un parto hemorrágico cursando con hipovolemia. Su frecuencia ha disminuido debido a la mejoría en el manejo de las complicaciones hemodinámicas que ocurren en el parto y postparto. La destrucción de las células hipofisarias cursa con grados variables de hipopituitarismo. Debe ser considerado en la evaluación postparto de pacientes con inestabilidad hemodinámica (AU)


Sheehan syndrome is characterize by necrosis of the pituitary gland after hemorrhagic labor with hypovolemia. Its frecuecy has decreased due to the improvement in the management of the hemodynamic complications that occur in childbirth and postpartum. Destruction of pituitary cells is associated with varying degrres of hypopituitarism. It should be considered in the postpartum evaluation of patients with hemodynamic instability (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Hypopituitarism/complications , Pregnancy Complications/diagnosis , Obstetric Labor Complications/blood , Hormone Replacement Therapy , Postpartum Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests , Pituitary Diseases , Pituitary Gland/pathology , Pituitary Gland
13.
Nutr. hosp ; 34(1): 216-223, ene.-feb. 2017. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-161163

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la fibra dietética es un componente importante de la dieta humana. Cada tipo de fibra tiene efectos específicos a nivel metabólico y en el funcionamiento gastrointestinal, por lo que en cada patología concreta habremos de elegir la fibra óptima teniendo en cuenta sus propiedades químicas, físicas y fisiológicas. Objetivo: encuadrar la goma guar parcialmente hidrolizada en su lugar en el complejo marco de la fibra dietética, revisar sus propiedades físico-químicas y posibles mecanismos de acción; así como su potencial utilidad en distintas situaciones clínicas en pacientes adultos. Métodos: revisión no sistemática en Medline. Resultados: la goma guar parcialmente hidrolizada (GGPH) se obtiene a partir de una hidrólisis enzimática parcial de la goma guar mediante la enzima β-endo-mananasa. Se trata de una fibra soluble, altamente fermentable y de baja viscosidad. La fermentación de la GGPH a nivel colónico produce ácidos grasos de cadena corta, implicados en los principales mecanismos fi siopatólogicos responsables de sus efectos a nivel clínico. Su uso en la diarrea asociada a la nutrición enteral está avalada por diversos estudios y por la recomendaciones de sociedades científicas como la European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism y la American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Se ha estudiado la utilidad de la GGPH en otras muchas situaciones clínicas, como diabetes, hipercolesterolemia, sobrecrecimiento bacteriano, etc. con resultados prometedores. Conclusiones: la GGPH es útil en el manejo de la diarrea asociada a nutrición enteral. Respecto a otras situaciones clínicas, serían necesarios más estudios de calidad para poder hacer recomendaciones concretas (AU)


Introduction: Dietary fiber is an important component of human diet. Since each fiber type has specific metabolic and gastrointestinal function effects, in each specific pathology we will have to choose the optimum type of fiber, considering its chemical, physical and physiological properties. Objective: to put partially hydrolyzed guar gum in its place in the complex framework of dietary fiber, to review its physicochemical properties and possible mechanisms of action; as well as its potential usefulness in different clinical situations in adult patients. Methods: non-systematic review in Medline. Results: Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) is obtained from a partial enzymatic hydrolysis of guar gum by the enzyme β-endo-mannanase. It is a soluble, highly fermentable fiber with low viscosity. The fermentation of GGPH in colon produces short chain fatty acids, implicated in the main pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for their clinical effects. Its use in enteral nutrition associated diarrhea is supported by several studies and by the recommendations of scientific societies such as the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism and the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. The usefulness of GGPH has been studied in many other clinical situations, such as diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, bacterial overgrowth, etc. with promising results. Conclusions: GGPH is useful in the management of enteral nutrition associated diarrhea. In other clinical situations, more quality studies would be necessary in order to make concrete recommendations (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Cyamopsis , Food, Fortified , Enteral Nutrition/methods , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/diet therapy , Dietary Fiber , Diarrhea/diet therapy , Diarrhea/etiology
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