[Role of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase in disturbances of endogenic detoxication in ischemic stroke patients].

Oxidative stress is a pathogenetic factor of ischemic stroke. Enhancement in the activity of one of xenobiotic transformation enzymes and biogenic amines (serum semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO)) leads to the higher production of secondary toxins stimulating oxidative stress. We studied 38 patients (mean age 69,5 +/- 7,2 years) in the early restoration period of ischemic stroke. A control group included 17 age- and sex-matched healthy people. Severity of neurological and functional deficits was assessed with the NIHSS and the Barthel index, respectively. A number of biochemical parameters: serum SSAO activity, concentration of middle-sized molecules (MSM) and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) were measured. The higher concentration of MSM (0,80 +/- 0,22 and 0,5 +/- 0,1 g/l) and MDA (4,5 +/- 1,25 and 3,66 +/- 0,15 mmol/ml), respectively, was found in patients compared to the controls (p < 0,001). The correlative increase in MSM and MDA suggest the formation of chronic oxidative stress in the 4-5 months of disease. The changes in SSAO activity in patients with ischemic stroke that differed from controls were seen in 84% of cases while the increase in SSAO activity was found in 31% of patients. The pathogenetic link between the increase in SSAO activity and severity of neurological deficit was shown. This increase might be one of the pathogenetic links in the disturbance of neuroplasticity.

[Endogenous intoxication and compensatory reactions in the restoration period of ischemic stroke].

An aim of the study was to assess the severity of the syndrome of nonspecific metabolic endogenous intoxication (EI) and characteristics of compensatory reaction of serum albumin (SA) in patients in the early restoration period (4-5 months) of ischemic stroke (II). We measured levels of middle-sized molecules (MSM) and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and determined parameters of functional activity of SA in 30 patients (mean age 69 +/- 8 years) after the first II and in 17 age- and sex-matched healthy people. Neurological deficit and functional restoration of patients were assessed with the NIHSS and Barthel index. The increase of MSM and MDA concentrations was found in 98% and 88% patients, respectively, as compared to healthy people (p<0,01). These metabolic disturbances were associated with the formation of EI and caused functional-structural changes of SA molecules. The correlation between changes of effective concentrations of SA and MDA was characteristic of the group of patients with II. The increase of total SA concentration was found in 87% of cases compared to controls (p<0,01) that indicated the manifestation of compensatory reaction of SA in response to EI. The decrease of all SA parameters, including the total concentration, was noted in 13% of patients and was associated with the decompensatory reaction to SA. The rehabilitation of CNS dysfunctions was associated with the undamaged SA compensatory reaction. The functional-structural changes of SA molecules in patients in the restoration period of II may lead to the changes in drug disposition, i.e. pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, thus reducing possibilities of rehabilitation therapy.

[The use of akatinol memantine in the residual phase of stroke].

Fifty patients who had had left-hemisphere stroke 1-12 months before the inclusion in the study were examined. All patients underwent the 90-day course of neurorehabilitation. Forty patients of the main group received akatinol memantine as an add-on drug during 90 days in the initial dosage 5-10 mg/day with the gradual increase to 20 mg/day (10 mg twice a day); the control group included 10 patients. Comparative efficacy of neurorehabilitation was assessed 1,5 and 3 months after treatment with clinical scales NIHSS and Barthel, testing of higher mental functions with 10-score original digital scale (V.M. Shklovsky et al), neurophysiological study (electroencephalography and constant brain potentials). The distinct effect of akatinol memantine on the restoration of higher mental functions and, to a less extent, on the movement deficit was seen. The dynamic neurophysiological study revealed that the addition of akatinol memantine to the neurorehabilitation course activates reserve possibilities of the left hemisphere in small or moderate poststroke lesions. The trend toward the association between the efficacy and the time since stroke onset and the intensity of rehabilitation measures was found.

[Some aspects of metabolic dysregulation in patients with ischemic stroke].

To study the mechanisms of formation of an endogenous intoxication syndrome in patients after ischemic stroke, the activity of platelet monoaminooxidase (MAO) and serum aminooxidase, concentration of middle-size molecules and parameters of functional albumin activity have been determined in 27 patients with illness duration 4-5 months and 16 healthy age- and sex-matched controls. The significant dysregulation of biogenic amine metabolism and total homeostasis was observed in patients compared to controls. There were a significant increase of MAO and concentration of middle-size molecules and a decrease of aminooxidase and functional albumin activity (p < 0.01). Such metabolic disturbances suggest a presence of endogenous intoxication. A possible mechanism of formation of an endogenous intoxication syndrome in ischemic stroke is discussed.

[The effect of scalp acupuncture on the blood biochemical indices of healthy volunteers]. / Vliianie skal'popunktury na biokhimicheskie pokazateli krovi zdorovykh dobrovol'tsev.

Scalp acupuncture effects on blood biochemistry were investigated in 10 healthy volunteers. The results provided evidence for the absence of negative changes in function of neurohumoral systems of the body which may become factors of risk for patients with thrombogenic disturbances of cerebral circulation.