ABSTRACT
Pregnancy is marked by a state of hypomagnesaemia but not much is known about the effects of maternal magnesium deprivation on the fetus. The aim of this study was therefore to measure magnesium concentrations in human myometrial and placental tissues and in different body fluids during pregnancy and at term, using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The magnesium concentration in umbilical cord blood was higher than in the maternal blood, supporting the existence of an active magnesium transport system. There was also a difference between the magnesium concentration in the amniotic fluid and that in the umbilical cord blood. The magnesium content of myometrium increased from the 32nd week of pregnancy, reaching its maximum level at the 37th week of gestation. Later there was significant decrease in magnesium level until the end of pregnancy. The magnesium content of placental tissue did not change up to the 30th week of pregnancy; however, it then decreased continuously during the last trimester. The significant improvement experienced in certain pathological conditions of pregnancy treatment with magnesium supports the existence of a magnesium deficit induced by pregnancy and the need for magnesium supplementation.
Subject(s)
Body Fluids/metabolism , Labor, Obstetric/metabolism , Magnesium/metabolism , Myometrium/metabolism , Placenta/metabolism , Pregnancy/metabolism , Amniotic Fluid/metabolism , Female , Fetal Blood/metabolism , Humans , Magnesium/blood , Reference ValuesABSTRACT
Between 1975 and 1988 authors encountered 44 pregnancies in 26 women who had had chronic renal disease and unimpaired renal function before the conception. Complications during pregnancy and the outcome of pregnancy were studied. There were 5 spontaneous abortions between the 11th and 20th weeks of gestation, 1 therapeutic abortion, 3 still births at weeks 28, 32 and 33, 6 neonatal deaths at age of 26 to 35 weeks, 11 preterm newborns, 35 live births, 9 infants with intrauterine growth retardation including 4 preterm newborns and 1 fetal malformation and 2 cases with premature rupture of the fetal membranes. The pregnancies were complicated with anaemia in 23 cases, with urinary tract infection in 19, with hypertension in 16, with proteinuria in 12 and with edema in 11 cases. Increase in the serum creatinine value during pregnancy was found in 6 cases. These data indicate that the pregnancy in patients with chronic renal disease who had normal renal function before the planned conception, is accompanied with increased risk for both the mother and child.
Subject(s)
Kidney Diseases , Pregnancy Complications , Adult , Cesarean Section , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Fetal Diseases/etiology , Humans , Infant Mortality , Infant, Newborn , Kidney Diseases/diagnosis , Kidney Diseases/therapy , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications/diagnosis , Pregnancy Complications/therapy , Prognosis , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Authors used atom absorption spectrophotometry to determine the magnesium content of gestation tissues (placenta, myometrium) and tissue fluids (maternal blood, cord blood, amniotic fluid) taken in different periods of gestation. Magnesium concentration was found higher in the cord blood than in the maternal serum. It was assumed that the concentration gradient between mother and fetus resulted from active transport. There was a significant difference between the magnesium content of the amniotic fluid and the cord blood sera (P < 0.001). The magnesium content of the mature chorion tissue was by nearly 40% lower than that of the immature one. The magnesium content of the myometrium decreased by 38% by Week 40 of gestation, as compared to the value in Week 37.
