ABSTRACT
The authors describe the results of the treatment of 30 patients suffering from schizophrenia with the well-defined apatho-abulic manifestations. The patients received anticholin-esterase agents (galanthamine and deoxypeganin) combined with the M-cholinolytic drug benactyzine. The treatment lasted 3 to 4 weeks. Satisfactory compensation for the deficiency manifestations was attained in 18 patients (60%). The therapeutic dynamics appeared the best in patients with predominant anergic disorders accompanied by well-defined impoverishment of motor functions. The presence of roductive psychotic disorders in the syndromal structure noticeably decreased the treatment efficacy. The deranged capacity for behavioral initiation classified by the authors with the fundamental deficiency manifestations turned out most refractory to the treatment. The polymediator model of the schizophrenic defect is reviewed, according to which the deficiency manifestations represent adaptive stability states with emergence to a lower energy level. In such a case the neuronal populations with different mediator modality become deactivated. On the one hand, this gives rise to a decrease of psychotic productive disorders, on the other one, to the occurrence of the negative manifestations.
Subject(s)
Benactyzine/administration & dosage , Emotions/drug effects , Galantamine/administration & dosage , Schizophrenia/drug therapy , Schizophrenic Psychology , Adult , Aged , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
As many as 30 patients (18 men and 12 women) aged 17 to 47 years were examined. Use was made of A. R. Luria's method. Deficiency of both activation components of the activity and higher form of regulation was recorded in all the cases. 3 variants of the neuropsychological syndrome were distinguished. The first variant was characterized by insufficiency of the function of the nonspecific brain systems, primarily of the medial formations of the frontal lobes. The second variant was marked by dyscoordination of the ++fronto-subcortical relations associated with the weakening of the functions of the primarily prefrontal convex formations of the frontal lobes. The third variant was determined by remarkable insufficiency of the convex formations of the frontal lobes and parietotemporal and occipital parts of the brain. A high correlation was discovered (r = +0.75) between the intensity of neuropsychological disorders and the magnitude of anergy. Comparison of the results with the computer-aided tomography (CT) data did not reveal any differences between the groups. However, in the third group patients, grosser changes on the CT were found. The same group manifested significant accumulation of pre-, peri-, and postnatal harm.
