[Role of prolactin in disorders of water and salt metabolism in patients with hypertension]. / Rol' prolaktina v narusheniiakh vodno-solevogo obmena u bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

The relationship between water-salt balance and blood prolactin (Prl) level was examined in 22 male patients with essential hypertension, stages IB-IIA. Blood Prl and urinary potassium and sodium excretion were measured initially, using the parlodel (2.5 mg) test, and the acute and chronic furosemide test. Water-salt status was found to be different in patients with baseline hyperprolactinemia who made 2/3 of the sample. Following parlodel administration, Prl level declined in all patients, with daily electrolyte excretion also decreasing in originally-hyperprolactinemic patients. The rise in electrolyte excretion following lasix administration was accompanied with a fall in Prl in hyperprolactinemic patients. Following the chronic furosemide test, all patients showed a tendency to Prl rise, while the hyperprolactinemic patients also exhibited sodium retention. Therefore, blood Prl decrease leads to sodium retention in hyperprolactinemic hypertensive patients that may have an adverse pathogenetic significance.

[Pulse therapy of patients with nephritis: effect on arterial pressure, electrolyte metabolism and the renin-aldosterone system]. / Pul's-terapiia u bol'nykh nefritom: vliianie na arterial'noe davlenie,obmen élektrolitov i renin-al'dosteronovuiu sistemy.

A study was made of the effects of ultra-high doses of prednisolone on arterial blood pressure, electrolyte metabolism and renin-aldosterone system in 18 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and lupus nephritis, with normal renal function and renal failure. Administration of 1,000 mg prednisolone produced a noticeable but a short-term elevation of the arterial blood pressure. After administration of 1,000 mg prednisolone the patients without renal failure noted marked increase of diuresis and natriuresis accompanied by activation of the renin-aldosterone system. In patients with renal failure, diuresis also increased, however sodium excretion with urine dramatically reduced which was accompanied by inhibition of plasma renin activity. Marked retention of sodium during institution of pulse-therapy in patients with renal failure may cause some grave complications including brain edema.