[Enterotoxemia in newborn calves due to Cl. perfringens types A, C and D]. / Enterotoksemiia po novorodenite teleta, predizvikana ot Cl. perfringens tipove A, C i D.

The clinical symptoms and the morphologic picture of calf enterotoxemia are described. Studied were a total of thirty-two dead and slaughtered animals. Bacteriologically, the disease was shown to be caused by types A, D, and C of Clostridium perfringens. Types C and D proved pathogenic for guinea pigs, while type A did not. Isolated was a strain of Clostridium perfringens, which had high toxigenicity. It was found that calves were fairly often affected with the disease. Most severe were the infections caused by type C of Cl. perfringens, with most pronounced morphologic lesions. There were differences in the changes caused by all three types of the organism in calves, which made it possible to distinguish them as causative agents. Type A induced slight icterus and slightly manifested hemosiderosis of the liver, kidneys, and spleen; type D was responsible for severe injury and hyalin dystrophy of the kidneys; and type C caused necrotic enteritis, pronounced hemorrhagic diathesis, degenerative changes in the ganglial cells, and demyelinization of the brain.

[Method of determining the biochemical behavior of clostridia]. / Metod za opredeliane na biokhimichnite otnasianiia na niakoi klostridii.

A fast and readily applicable method is suggested for the determination of the biochemical reactions of the spore producing anaerobic organisms. A pepton coloid medium with the addition of 0.15 per cent agar-agar was used as a basic nutrient medium. The cultivation of bacteria did not require any special conditions. Reading of the results was carried out with the addition of 0.1 per cent phenol red after 48 hours of incubation of the cultures. This method showed a number of advantages over the methods used so far.

[Enzootic erysipeloid in pheasants]. / Enzootiia ot chervenka po fazani.

Epizootological, clinical, bacteriological and pathomorhological studies on enzooty of erysipelas in a flock of 11 000 pheasants were made. The clinical symptoms of sick pheasants and the pathologoanatomical and patho-histogical changes observed in dead pheasants are described. The pathogen of erysipelas was isolated and differentiated. The disease was reproduced experimentally in 15 pheasants from another fram where no cases of the disease were encountered. The source of infection remained unknown. It was established that, as is the case in other animals and birds, erysepelas in pheasants is characterized clinically and morphologically by the symptoms of septicaemia.