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1.
Animals (Basel) ; 13(18)2023 Sep 18.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37760355

ABSTRACT

Unidentified abortion, of which leptospirosis, brucellosis, and ovine enzootic abortion are important factors, is the main cause of disease spread between animals and humans in all agricultural systems in most developing countries. Although there are well-defined risk factors for these diseases, these characteristics do not represent the prevalence of the disease in different regions. This study predicts the unidentified abortion burden from multi-microorganisms in ewes based on an artificial neural networks approach and the GLM. METHODS: A two-stage cluster survey design was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of abortifacient microorganisms and to identify putative factors of infectious abortion. RESULTS: The overall seroprevalence of Brucella was 70.7%, while Leptospira spp. was 55.2%, C. abortus was 21.9%, and B. ovis was 7.4%. Serological detection with four abortion-causing microorganisms was determined only in 0.87% of sheep sampled. The best GLM is integrated via serological detection of serovar Hardjo and Brucella ovis in animals of the slopes with elevation between 2600 and 2800 meters above sea level from the municipality of Xalatlaco. Other covariates included in the GLM, such as the sheep pen built with materials of metal grids and untreated wood, dirt and concrete floors, bed of straw, and the well water supply were also remained independently associated with infectious abortion. Approximately 80% of those respondents did not wear gloves or masks to prevent the transmission of the abortifacient zoonotic microorganisms. CONCLUSIONS: Sensitizing stakeholders on good agricultural practices could improve public health surveillance. Further studies on the effect of animal-human transmission in such a setting is worthwhile to further support the One Health initiative.

2.
Vet. Méx ; 27(3): 229-34, jul.-sept. 1996. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-208059

ABSTRACT

Son escasos los estudios sobre leptospirosis en fauna silvestre albergada en parques zoológicos. Sin embargo, hay antecedentes serológicos de esta enfermedad en el zoológico de Chapultepec de la ciudad de México. Con el objeto de conocer la frecuencia serológica y el perfil inmunológico de las distintas serovariedades ahí alojadas se analizaron 48 muestras de suero de 19 diferentes especies animales, mediante la técnica de aglutinación microscópica, empleando 12 serovariedades de leptospira. Se consideraron positivos los sueros cuyos títulos fueron de 1:100 o mayores. Los resultados indican que en 15 distintas especies hubo serrorreactores positivos a 8 diferentes serovariedades y que el 52 por ciento de los sueros resultó positivo; en algunos sueros se encontraron títulos de 1:1600. Las serovariedades identificadas fueron: icterohaemorrhagiae (40 por ciento), canicola y pyrogenes (26 por ciento), hebdomadis (23 por ciento), pomona y grippotyphosa (12 por ciento) y autumnalis y panama (2 por ciento). Estos datos indican que la leptospirosis es una enfermedad ampliamente difundida entre las colonias de animales y que hay una importante diversidad de serovariedades de L. interrogans, por lo que es necesario diseñar un programa de prevención y control con base en estos datos. Además, en este estudio se encontró la presencia de anticuerpos aglutinantes de leptospira en especies animales como el león (Panthera leo), pantera (Pantera pardus), oso polar (Thalarctos maritimus), rinocerontes tanto blanco (Ceratotherium simum) como negro (Diceros bicornis), orangután (Pongo pygmaeus) y tigre (Panthera tigris) de las cuales no se encontraron informes previos, por lo que también se amplía la información epizootiológica existente sobre los posibles huéspedes de esta enfermedad


Subject(s)
Animals , Serologic Tests , Leptospira/pathogenicity , Leptospirosis/veterinary , Animals, Wild/parasitology , Animals, Zoo/parasitology , Cytological Techniques/veterinary
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