Purification of Plasmodium and Babesia- infected erythrocytes using a non-woven fabric filter

@#The purification of parasite-infected erythrocytes from whole blood containing leucocytes is crucial for many downstream genetic and molecular assays in parasitology. Current methodologies to achieve this are often costly and time consuming. Here, we demonstrate the successful application of a cheap and simple Non-Woven Fabric (NWF) filter for the purification of parasitized red blood cells from whole blood. NWF filtration was applied to the malaria-parasitized blood of three strains of mice, and one strain of rat, and to Babesia gibsoni parasitized dog blood. Before and after filtration, the white blood cell (WBC) removal rates and red blood cell (RBC) recovery rates were measured. After NWF filter treatment of rodent malaria-infected blood, the WBC removal rates and RBC recovery rates were, for Kunming mice: 99.51%±0.30% and 86.12%±8.37%; for BALB/C mice: 99.61%±0.15% and 80.74%±7.11%; for C57 mice: 99.71%±0.12% and 84.87%±3.83%; for Sprague-Dawley rats: 99.93%±0.03% and 83.30%±2.96%. Microscopy showed WBCs were efficiently removed from infected dog blood samples, and there was no obvious morphological change of B. gibsoni parasites. NWF filters efficiently remove leukocytes from malaria parasite-infected mouse and rat blood, and are also suitable for filtration of B. gibsoni-infected dog blood.

Purification of Plasmodium and Babesia- infected erythrocytes using a non-woven fabric filter.

The purification of parasite-infected erythrocytes from whole blood containing leucocytes is crucial for many downstream genetic and molecular assays in parasitology. Current methodologies to achieve this are often costly and time consuming. Here, we demonstrate the successful application of a cheap and simple Non-Woven Fabric (NWF) filter for the purification of parasitized red blood cells from whole blood. NWF filtration was applied to the malaria-parasitized blood of three strains of mice, and one strain of rat, and to Babesia gibsoni parasitized dog blood. Before and after filtration, the white blood cell (WBC) removal rates and red blood cell (RBC) recovery rates were measured. After NWF filter treatment of rodent malaria-infected blood, the WBC removal rates and RBC recovery rates were, for Kunming mice: 99.51%±0.30% and 86.12%±8.37%; for BALB/C mice: 99.61%±0.15% and 80.74%±7.11%; for C57 mice: 99.71%±0.12% and 84.87%±3.83%; for Sprague-Dawley rats: 99.93%±0.03% and 83.30%±2.96%. Microscopy showed WBCs were efficiently removed from infected dog blood samples, and there was no obvious morphological change of B. gibsoni parasites. NWF filters efficiently remove leukocytes from malaria parasite-infected mouse and rat blood, and are also suitable for filtration of B. gibsoni-infected dog blood.

DNA methylation alterations in the pathogenesis of lupus.

Although lupus is, by definition, associated with genetic and immunological factors, its molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The up-to-date research findings point out that various genetic and epigenetic factors, especially gene-specific and site-specific methylation, are believed to contribute to the initiation and development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This review presents and summarizes the association between abnormal DNA methylation of immune-related cells and lupus-like diseases, as well as the possible mechanisms of immune disorder caused by DNA methylation, aiming at a better understanding of the roles of aberrant DNA methylation in the initiation and development of certain forms of lupus and providing a new insight into promising therapeutic regimens in lupus-like diseases.

Construction of polycythemia vera protein interaction network and prediction of related biological functions.

Here, polycythemia vera (PV)-related genes were screened by the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), and literature pertaining to the identified genes was extracted and a protein-protein interaction network was constructed using various Cytoscape plugins. Various molecular complexes were detected using the Clustervize plugin and a gene ontology-enrichment analysis of the biological pathways, molecular functions, and cellular components of the selected molecular complexes were identified using the BiNGo plugin. Fifty-four PV-related genes were identified in OMIM. The protein-protein interaction network contains 5 molecular complexes with correlation integral values >4. These complexes regulated various biological processes (peptide tyrosinase acidification, cell metabolism, and macromolecular biosynthesis), molecular functions (kinase activity, receptor binding, and cytokine activity), and the cellular components were mainly concentrated in the nucleus, intracellular membrane-bounded organelles, and extracellular region. These complexes were associated with the JAK-STAT signal transduction pathway, neurotrophic factor signaling pathway, and Wnt signaling pathway, which were correlated with chronic myeloid leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia.