Apnoeic oxygenation with high-flow oxygen for tracheal resection and reconstruction surgery.

BACKGROUND: Tracheal resection and reconstruction are the most effective treatments for tracheal stenosis, but the difficulties are surgery and maintaining ventilation performed on the patient's same airway. High-flow oxygen has begun to be applied to prolong the apnoea time in the tracheal anastomosis period for tracheal resection and reconstruction. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of apneic conditions with high-flow oxygen as the sole method of gas exchange during anastomosis construction. METHODS: A prospective study was performed on 16 patients with tracheal stenosis, with ages ranging from 19 to 70, who underwent tracheal resection and reconstruction from April 2019 to August 2020 in 108 Military Central Hospital. During the anastomosis phase using high flow oxygen of 35-40 l.min-1 delivered across the open tracheal with an endotracheal tube (ETT) at the glottis in apnoeic conditions. RESULTS: The mean (SD) apnoea time was 20.91 (2.53) mins. Mean (SD) time anastomosis was 22.9 (2.41) mins. The saturation of oxygen was stable during all procedures at 98-100%. Arterial blood gas analysis showed mean (SD) was hypercapnia and acidosis acute respiratory after 10 mins of apnoea and 20 mins apnoea respectively. However, after 15 mins of ventilation, the parameters are ultimately returned to normal. All 16 patients were extubated early and safely at the end of the operation. There were no complications, such as bleeding, hemothorax, pneumothorax, or barotrauma. CONCLUSION: High-flow oxygen across the open tracheal under apnoeic conditions can provide a satisfactory gas exchange to allow tubeless anesthesia for tracheal resection and reconstruction.

Experience with Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus Inflammatory Cytokine Syndrome in a Large Urban HIV Clinic in the United States: Case Series and Literature Review.

In 2010, a new entity, characterized by the classical signs and symptoms of Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus-associated multicentric Castleman's disease (KSHV-MCD) in the absence of pathologic evidence of MCD, was described in individuals living with HIV. This syndrome was named KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS). It carries mortality rates of up to 60%. To date, there are no standard therapies. Treatment regimens studied in clinical trials for MCD disease are used in cases of KICS.